Effects of Obesity on Airway and Systemic Inflammation in Asthmatic Children.

Background: Obese asthma is a complex syndrome with certain phenotypes that differ in children and adults. There is no clear evidence regarding the presence of additive or synergistic pathological interaction between obesity and asthma in children.

Objectives: Our aim was to demonstrate the interaction of obesity and asthma in children in terms of airway and systemic inflammation by a controlled observational study.

Long-Term Outcome of the Randomized DAPA Trial.

Background: The randomized DAPA trial (Defibrillator After Primary Angioplasty) aimed to evaluate the survival benefit of prophylactic implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) implantation in early selected high-risk patients after primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction.

Methods: A randomized, multicenter, controlled trial compared ICD versus conventional medical therapy in high-risk patients with primary percutaneous coronary intervention, based on one of the following factors: left ventricular ejection fraction <30% within 4 days after ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction, primary ventricular fibrillation, Killip class ≥2 or TIMI (Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction) flow <3 after percutaneous coronary intervention. ICD was implanted 30 to 60 days after MI.

Evaluation of endocrine and metabolic dysfunctions after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children: a study from Turkey.

Background: Endocrine organs are highly susceptible to effects of high-dose chemotherapy. The objective of the study was to evaluate endocrine and metabolic complications after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in children.

Methods: The patients who underwent HSCT in our center from April 2010 to October 2014 with at least 1 year follow-up were analyzed retrospectively.

Effects of stem cell transplantation on bone mineral density and vitamin D status in children with thalassemia major.

HSCT is a curative treatment in TM, but conditioning and immunosuppressive treatment may affect bone metabolism. In this retrospective study, we aimed to compare BMD, vitamin D status, and growth in children with TM who underwent HSCT to those in children with TD TM. Twenty-three children with TM who underwent HSCT (mean age 7.

The prevalence of dyslipidemia and associated factors in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Background: Dyslipidemia increases the frequency and severity of micro and macrovascular complications of type 1 diabetes (T1D). The present study aims to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia and its association with clinical and laboratory findings in diabetic children and adolescents.

Methods: The study included 202 children and adolescents with T1D.

Risk factors that affect metabolic health status in obese children.

Background: While some obese children are metabolically healthy (MHO), some have additional health problems, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and hepatosteatosis, which increase mortality and morbidity related to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) during adulthood. These children are metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) children. In this study we assessed the factors that affect metabolic health in obesity and the clinical and laboratory findings that distinguish between MHO and MUO children.

Prevalence of idiopathic intracranial hypertension and associated factors in obese children and adolescents.

Background: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is one of the most important and rare complications of obesity. Prevalence of IIH in childhood obesity is not known. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of IIH in obese children and adolescents and to investigate the relevant factors.

A Novel Homozygous Mutation in the KCNJ11 Gene of a Neonate with Congenital Hyperinsulinism and Successful Management with Sirolimus.

Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is the most common cause of neonatal persistent hypoglycemia caused by mutations in nine known genes. Early diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent brain injury. The clinical presentation and response to pharmacological therapy may vary depending on the underlying pathology.

Evaluation of Endocrine Late Complications in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Survivors: A Report of a Single-Center Experience and Review of the Literature.

Introduction: Improvement in long-term survival in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in childhood has led to the need for monitorization of treatment-related morbidity and mortality. In the current study, we aimed to evaluate endocrine side effects of treatment in ALL survivors who were in remission for at least 2 years.

Methods: Sixty patients diagnosed with ALL, who were in remission for at least 2 years, were cross-sectionally evaluated for long-term endocrine complications.

Sympathetic denervation in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy and risk on ventricular tachy-arrhythmias. A pilot study.

Background: Patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) are at risk for ventricular arrhythmias and are protected by an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). Visualization of cardiac sympathetic innervation may play an additional role to left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in identifying those patients who will benefit from ICD therapy. The purpose of this study was to detect the role of sympathetic denervation in the genesis of ventricular arrhythmias in ICM patients.

Prevalence of Dyslipidemia and Associated Factors in Obese Children and Adolescents.

Objective: Childhood-onset obesity is associated with increased mortality and morbidity related to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) during adulthood. Dyslipidemia has a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of CVD. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of dyslipidemia and related factors among obese children and adolescents.

Anthropometric findings from birth to adulthood and their relation with karyotpye distribution in Turkish girls with Turner syndrome.

To evaluate the anthropometric features of girls with Turner syndrome (TS) at birth and presentation and the effect of karyotype on these parameters. Data were collected from 842 patients with TS from 35 different centers, who were followed-up between 1984 and 2014 and whose diagnosis age ranged from birth to 18 years. Of the 842 patients, 122 girls who received growth hormone, estrogen or oxandrolone were excluded, and 720 girls were included in the study.

Anxiety, depression and self-esteem levels in obese children: a case-control study.

Background: Obesity is a global health problem affecting all age groups. Childhood obesity, which may cause chronic diseases including diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and cancer, etc., deserves more attention.

Association of Van Wyk Grumbach and Debre Semelaigne Syndromes with Severe Hypothyroidism.

Background: Van Wyk Grumbach syndrome (VWGS) and Kocher-Debre Semelaigne syndrome (KDSS) are rare forms of pseudo-precocious puberty and myopathy in patients with longstanding untreated hypothyroidism. We present the case of an adolescent girl who developed pseudo-precocious puberty and myopathy caused by long-term untreated hypothyroidism.

Case: A 17-year-old female patient was referred to our outpatient clinic due to menstrual irregularities.

Efficacy and safety of intralesional corticosteroid application for hemangiomas.

Background/aim: There are different modalities for management of infantile hemangiomas (IHs). In this report, our aim is to evaluate whether intralesional corticosteroid treatment is associated with systemic side effects and whether this is an effective treatment modality for IH.

Materials And Methods: Six children treated with intralesional corticosteroids for problematic hemangiomas were included in the study.

Effects of seasonal variation and maternal clothing style on vitamin D levels of mothers and their infants.

In Turkey, vitamin D deficiency has been seen in children as well as in their mothers. We assessed the vitamin D status of 83 infants and their mothers, categorized into four groups according to season and mothers' clothing style. We measured serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D, calcium, inorganic phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase in each mother-infant pair.

Turner syndrome and associated problems in Turkish children: a multicenter study.

Objective: Turner syndrome (TS) is a chromosomal disorder caused by complete or partial X chromosome monosomy that manifests various clinical features depending on the karyotype and on the genetic background of affected girls. This study aimed to systematically investigate the key clinical features of TS in relationship to karyotype in a large pediatric Turkish patient population.

Methods: Our retrospective study included 842 karyotype-proven TS patients aged 0-18 years who were evaluated in 35 different centers in Turkey in the years 2013-2014.

Bone mineral density and vitamin D status in children and adolescents with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Aim: To determine the prevalence of and risk factors for decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and vitamin D deficiency in children and adolescents with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH).

Materials And Methods: This study was conducted on 30 girls and 22 boys with CAH (age range = 5-20 years) with median age of 12.0 years.

Myocardial scar characteristics based on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is associated with ventricular tachyarrhythmia in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy.

Objectives: We hypothesized that myocardial scar characterization using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) may be associated with the occurrence of ventricular tachyarrhythmia (VT), appropriate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapy and mortality.

Background: Since a minority of patients with prophylactic ICD implantation receive appropriate ICD therapy, there is a need for more effective risk stratification for primary prevention in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy.

Methods And Results: In 99 patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy, CMR was performed prior to ICD implantation.

Mutations in FEZF1 cause Kallmann syndrome.

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons originate outside the CNS in the olfactory placode and migrate into the CNS, where they become integral components of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Disruption of this migration results in Kallmann syndrome (KS), which is characterized by anosmia and pubertal failure due to hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Using candidate-gene screening, autozygosity mapping, and whole-exome sequencing in a cohort of 30 individuals with KS, we searched for genes newly associated with KS.

Impact of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction admitted for primary percutaneous coronary intervention: Impact of ventricular fibrillation in STEMI patients.

Objective: Pre-hospital life-threatening ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation (VT/VF) is relatively common in the acute phase of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). We evaluated the prognostic impact of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) due to VT/VF in non-selected patients with STEMI admitted for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods: Prospective hospital registry was used to collect data of consecutive STEMI patients admitted to our hospital between 2005 and 2010.

Endocrinopathies in Turkish children with Beta thalassemia major: results from a single center study.

The endocrinological complications in β-thalassemia major patients do affect the life quality to a large extend. In this study, the endocrinological complications of 47 β-thalassemia patients, who have been followed-up at our hospital's pediatric hematology department, were evaluated. Out of β-thalassemia major cases included to this study, the 55.

The effect of adenotonsilectomy on ghrelin, leptin, IGF-1 levels and growth parameters in children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to search for the effects of adenotonsillectomy (A&T) on height, weight, and body mass index (BMI), as well as changes in ghrelin, leptin, and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels in children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy (ATH)-related sleep-disordered breathing (SDB).

Methods: A study cohort of 39 children clinically diagnosed with ATH-related SDB was included in this study. Twenty-three healthy children were included as controls.