Integrative In Silico and In Vivo Analysis of Banhasasim-Tang for Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Mechanistic Insights into Inflammation-Related Pathways.

Banhasasim-tang (BHSST) is a traditional herbal formula commonly used to treat gastrointestinal (GI) disorders and has been considered a potential therapeutic option for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This study aimed to explore the molecular targets and underlying mechanisms of BHSST in IBS using a combination of network pharmacology, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and in vivo validation. Active compounds in BHSST were screened based on drug-likeness and oral bioavailability.

Comparison of the properties of polyimides derived from various dianhydride and diamine monomers.

Dianhydrides 4,4'-(4,4'-isopropylidenediphenoxy)bis(phthalic anhydride) (BPADA) and dicyclo-hexyl-3,4,3',4'-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (HBPDA) were reacted with four different diamines to synthesize eight polyimide (PI) films through various heat treatment processes. BPADA contains aromatic benzene, whereas HBPDA contains alicyclic cyclohexane. The four diamine monomers contained either a linear benzene, highly electronegative trifluoromethyl (-CF) group, bulky sulfone (-SO-) group, or methyl (-CH) group between the benzene rings.

Heat-Treated Ni-Coated Fibers for EMI Shielding: Balancing Electrical Performance and Interfacial Integrity.

With the growing integration of electronic systems into modern infrastructure, the need for effective electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials has intensified. This study explores the development of electroless Ni-plated fiber composites and systematically investigates the effects of post-heat treatment on their electrical, structural, and interfacial performance. Both carbon fibers (CFs) and glass fibers (GFs) were employed as reinforcing substrates, chosen for their distinct mechanical and thermal characteristics.

Facile Enhancement of Mechanical Interfacial Strength of Recycled Carbon Fiber Web-Reinforced Polypropylene Composites via a Single-Step Silane Modification Process.

In this study, a surface treatment process was introduced into the conventional dispersion process for preparing wet-laid nonwoven fabrics to improve their properties, using recycled carbon fibers (rCFs). The conventional binder solution was replaced with a solution containing different amounts of silane, and the changes in the fiber properties of the prepared nonwoven fabrics were examined after the addition of modified rCFs and polypropylene. FE-SEM analysis confirmed that a silane layer was formed on the rCF surface due to the formation of a siloxane network.

Carbon Nanotube/Polymer Composites for Functional Applications.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have garnered significant interest in the field of nanotechnology owing to their unique structure and exceptional properties. These materials find applications across a diverse array of fields, including electronics, environmental science, energy, and biotechnology. CNTs serve as potent reinforcing agents in polymer composites; even minimal additions can significantly improve the mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties of polymers.

Implementation of controlled unitary gates and its application in a remote-controlled quantum gate.

Recently, remote-controlled quantum information processing has been proposed for its applications in secure quantum processing protocols and distributed quantum networks. For remote-controlled quantum gates, the experimental realization of controlled unitary (CU) gates between any quantum gates is an essential task. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a scheme for implementing CU gates between any pair of unitary gates using the polarization and time-bin degrees of freedom of single photons.

Qudit-based variational quantum eigensolver using photonic orbital angular momentum states.

Solving the electronic structure problem is a notorious challenge in quantum chemistry and material science. Variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is a promising hybrid classical-quantum algorithm for finding the lowest-energy configuration of a molecular system. However, it typically requires many qubits and quantum gates with substantial quantum circuit depth to accurately represent the electronic wave function of complex structures.

Koidz Alleviates Symptoms in Zymosan-Induced Irritable Bowel Syndrome Mouse Model through TRPV1, NaV1.5, and NaV1.7 Channel Modulation.

(1) Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disease in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Koidz (AMK) is known as one of the traditional medicines that shows a good efficacy in the GI tract. (2) Methods: We investigated the effect of AMK in a network pharmacology and zymosan-induced IBS animal model.

Exploring the Therapeutic Effects of Koidz against Human Gastric Cancer.

Koidz (AMK) is a traditional herbal medicine used for thousands of years in East Asia to improve a variety of illnesses and conditions, including cancers. This study explored the effect of AMK extract on apoptosis and tumor-grafted mice using AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells. We investigated the compounds, target genes, and associated diseases of AMK using the Traditional Chinese Medical Systems Pharmacy (TCMSP) database platform.

Development of a corn flour certified reference material for the accurate determination of zearalenone.

A certified reference material (CRM, KRISS 108-01-002) for zearalenone in corn flour was developed to assure reliable and accurate measurements in testing laboratories. Commercially available corn flour underwent freeze-drying, pulverization, sieving, and homogenization. The final product was packed in amber bottles, approximately 14 g per unit, and preserved at -70 °C.

The Effects of Etchant on via Hole Taper Angle and Selectivity in Selective Laser Etching.

This research focuses on the manufacturing of a glass interposer that has gone through glass via (TGV) connection holes. Glass has unique properties that make it suitable for 3D integrated circuit (IC) interposers, which include low permittivity, high transparency, and adjustable thermal expansion coefficient. To date, various studies have suggested numerous techniques to generate holes in glass.

Induction of Fatty Acid Oxidation Underlies DNA Damage-Induced Cell Death and Ameliorates Obesity-Driven Chemoresistance.

The DNA damage response is essential for preserving genome integrity and eliminating damaged cells. Although cellular metabolism plays a central role in cell fate decision between proliferation, survival, or death, the metabolic response to DNA damage remains largely obscure. Here, this work shows that DNA damage induces fatty acid oxidation (FAO), which is required for DNA damage-induced cell death.

Highly nonlinear optic nucleic acid thin-solid film to generate short pulse laser.

Using aqueous precursors, we report successfully fabricating thin-solid films of two nucleic acids, ribonucleic acid (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). We investigated the potential of these films deposited on a fiber optic platform as all-fiber integrated saturable absorbers (SAs) for ultrafast nonlinear optics. RNA-SA performances were comparable to those of DNA-SA in terms of its nonlinear transmission, modulation depth, and saturation intensity.

Preparation of Cellulose-Based Activated Carbon Fibers with Improved Yield and Their Methylene Chloride Adsorption Evaluation.

The recent rapid growth of the battery industry has led to a rapid increase in methylene chloride emissions. Methylene chloride causes health and social problems in humans. In this study, cellulose-based activated carbon fibers (CACFs) with improved yield were prepared for the removal of methylene chloride.

Enhanced Interfacial Properties of Carbon Fiber/Maleic Anhydride-Grafted Polypropylene Composites via Two-Step Surface Treatment: Electrochemical Oxidation and Silane Treatment.

The interfacial adhesion between carbon fibers (CFs) and a thermoplastic matrix is an important aspect that should be improved in manufacturing CF-reinforced thermoplastics with high strength and rigidity. In this study, the effects of a two-step surface treatment comprising electrochemical oxidation and silane treatment of the CF surface on the mechanical properties of CF/maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (MAPP) composites were confirmed. The surface characteristics of the treated CFs were analyzed via scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

Study of Through Glass Via (TGV) Using Bessel Beam, Ultrashort Two-Pulses of Laser and Selective Chemical Etching.

Selective laser etching is a promising candidate for the mass production of glass interposers. It comprises two steps: local modification by an ultrashort-pulsed laser and chemical etching of the modified volume. According to previous studies, when an ultrashort-pulsed laser beam is irradiated on the sample, electron excitation occurs, followed by phonon vibration.

Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon/Polymer Composites: A Review.

Activated carbon (AC) and activated carbon fibers (ACFs) are materials with a large specific surface area and excellent physical adsorption properties due to their rich porous structure, and they are used as electrode materials to improve the performance of adsorbents or capacitors. Recently, multiple studies have confirmed the applicability of AC/polymer compo-sites in various fields by exploiting the unique physical and chemical properties of AC. As the excellent mechanical properties, stability, antistatic and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding functions of activated carbon/polymer composite materials were confirmed in recent studies, it is expected that activated carbon can be utilized as an ideal reinforcing material for low-cost polymer composite materials.

Effects of Nickel Impregnation on the Catalytic Removal of Nitric Oxide by Polyimide-Based Activated Carbon Fibers.

Activated carbon fibers (ACFs) are beneficial for adsorbing harmful gases because of the well-developed micropores on their surface. Usually, the physical adsorption of harmful gases by ACFs is limited by their textural properties. In this study, the effect of nickel particle catalyst impregnation on the physicochemical removal of nitric oxide (NO) by polyimide (PI)-based ACFs (PI-ACFs) was investigated.

CO Adsorption Behaviors of Biomass-Based Activated Carbons Prepared by a Microwave/Steam Activation Technique for Molecular Sieve.

In this study, the activated carbon was prepared with superior CO selective adsorption properties using walnut shells, a biomass waste, as a precursor. The activations were conducted at various times using the microwave heating technique in a steam atmosphere. The surface morphology and chemical composition of activated carbon were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.

YAP governs cellular adaptation to perturbation of glutamine metabolism by regulating ATF4-mediated stress response.

Proliferating cells have metabolic dependence on glutamine to fuel anabolic pathways and to refill the mitochondrial carbon pool. The Hippo pathway is essential for coordinating cell survival and growth with nutrient availability, but no molecular connection to glutamine deprivation has been reported. Here, we identify a non-canonical role of YAP, a key effector of the Hippo pathway, in cellular adaptation to perturbation of glutamine metabolism.

Fatty acid oxidation facilitates DNA double-strand break repair by promoting PARP1 acetylation.

DNA repair is a tightly coordinated stress response to DNA damage, which is critical for preserving genome integrity. Accruing evidence suggests that metabolic pathways have been correlated with cellular response to DNA damage. Here, we show that fatty acid oxidation (FAO) is a crucial regulator of DNA double-strand break repair, particularly homologous recombination repair.