Quinolone Resistance and Zoonotic Potential of from Domestic Animals in Brazil.

Background: is an emerging zoonotic pathogen capable of cau-sing diphtheria-like infections in humans.

Objectives: we report, for the first time in Brazil, the detection and phenotypic/genomic characterization of three atoxigenic ST-339 strains isolated from domestic animals, including one with a ciprofloxacin resistance profile linked to double GyrA mutations (S89L, D93G).

Methods: species identification was performed by MALDI-TOF MS, followed by in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing, whole-genome sequencing, and bioinformatic analyses to predict virulence determinants, antimicrobial resistance genes, CRISPR-Cas systems, mobile genetic elements, and in silico structural analysis as well as phylogenetic reconstruction.

Design, Synthesis, and In Vitro Evaluation of the Leishmanicidal Activity of New Aromatic Symmetrical 1,4-Disubstituted 1,2,3-Bistriazoles.

A second generation of symmetrical 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles containing aromatic moieties was designed and synthesized from 2-hydroxy-1,3-bisazido-propane and terminal alkynes by copper-(I)-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) as potential inhibitors of protein CYP51. The symmetrical bistriazoles (SBs) were obtained in moderate to excellent yields (49 to 95%). All synthetic nonsymmetric triazoles and the symmetric bistriazole derivatives were in vitro screened for the extracellular promastigote forms of .

Systemic Infection Caused by Mycobacterium fortuitum Following Aortic Valve Transplantation-Employing Combined Molecular Techniques for Accurate Species Identification.

Mycobacterium fortuitum, a nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM), is known for causing opportunistic infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. Identification of NTM species requires precise diagnostic techniques. Here, we present a study of a systemic infection by M.

In silico construction of a multi-epitope vaccine (RGME-VAC/ATS-1) against the Rickettsia genus using immunoinformatics.

Background: Rickettsia is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that causes various diseases, including epidemic typhus, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, and Mediterranean spotted fever. Ticks transmit these diseases and commonly found in developing regions with poor sanitation. As a result, it is difficult to estimate the number of these diseases cases, making it challenging to create prevention and diagnostic mechanisms.

Molecular genomic insights into melanoma associated proteins PRAME and BAP1.

Melanoma, a globally prevalent skin cancer with over 325,000 new cases annually, necessitates a comprehensive under- standing of its molecular components. This study looks at the PRAME (cutaneous melanoma-associated antigen) and BAP1 (gene controlling gene-environment interactions) proteins. Both PRAME and BAP1 are associated with critical genomic alterations that significantly influence melanoma progression and patient outcomes.

Artificial-Intelligence Bio-Inspired Peptide for Salivary Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Electrochemical Biosensor Integrated with Machine Learning Algorithms.

Developing affordable, rapid, and accurate biosensors is essential for SARS-CoV-2 surveillance and early detection. We created a bio-inspired peptide, using the SAGAPEP AI platform, for COVID-19 salivary diagnostics via a portable electrochemical device coupled to Machine Learning algorithms. SAGAPEP enabled molecular docking simulations against the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein's RBD, leading to the synthesis of Bio-Inspired Artificial Intelligence Peptide 1 (BIAI1).

Advancing rational pesticide development against Drosophila suzukii: bioinformatics tools and applications-a systematic review.

Context: Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931) is a widespread agricultural pest responsible for significant damage to various soft-skinned fruit hosts. The revolutionary potential of bioinformatics in agriculture emerges from its ability to provide extensive information on pests, fungi, chemical resistance, implications of non-target species, and other critical aspects. This wealth of information allows researchers to engage in projects and applied research in diverse agricultural domains that face these challenges.

Chapare virus infection and current perspectives on dentistry.

Objectives: This narrative review addresses relevant points about Chapare virus (CHAV) entry in oral cells, CHAV transmission, and preventive strategies in dental clinical settings. It is critical in dentistry due to the frequent presence of gingival hemorrhage occurred in CHAV-infected patients.

Materials And Methods: Studies related to CHAV were searched in MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, and Web-of-Science databases without language restriction or year of publication.

TcSERPIN, an inhibitor that interacts with cocoa defense proteins and has biotechnological potential against human pathogens.

In plants, serpins are a superfamily of serine and cysteine protease inhibitors involved in stress and defense mechanisms, with potential for controlling agricultural pests, making them important biotechnological tools. The objective of this study was to characterize a serpin from , called TcSERPIN, to identify its endogenous targets and determine its function and biotechnological potential. TcSERPIN has 390 amino acid residues and shows conservation of the main active site, RCL.

approaches for predicting natural compounds with therapeutic potential and vaccine candidates against .

Equine strangles is a prevalent disease that affects the upper respiratory in horses and is caused by the Gram-positive bacterium . In addition to strangles, other clinical conditions are caused by the two subspecies, and , which present relevant zoonotic potential. Treatment of infections caused by has become challenging due to the worldwide spreading of infected horses and the unavailability of effective therapeutics and vaccines.

SARS-CoV-2 NSP14 governs mutational instability and assists in making new SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the rapidly evolving RNA virus behind the COVID-19 pandemic, has spawned numerous variants since its 2019 emergence. The multifunctional Nonstructural protein 14 (NSP14) enzyme, possessing exonuclease and messenger RNA (mRNA) capping capabilities, serves as a key player. Notably, single and co-occurring mutations within NSP14 significantly influence replication fidelity and drive variant diversification.

Mannose-Binding Lectins as Potent Antivirals against SARS-CoV-2.

The SARS-CoV-2 entry into host cells is mainly mediated by the interactions between the viral spike protein (S) and the ACE-2 cell receptor, which are highly glycosylated. Therefore, carbohydrate binding agents may represent potential candidates to abrogate virus infection. Here, we evaluated the in vitro anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of two mannose-binding lectins isolated from the Brazilian plants and (ConBR and DVL).

Oral Infection, Oral Pathology and Salivary Diagnostics of Mpox Disease: Relevance in Dentistry and OMICs Perspectives.

In this narrative review, we aim to point out the close relationship between mpox virus (MPXV) infection and the role of saliva as a diagnostic tool for mpox, considering the current molecular approach and in the perspective of OMICs application. The MPXV uses the host cell's rough endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, and cytoplasmic proteins to replicate its genome and synthesize virions for cellular exit. The presence of oral mucosa lesions associated with mpox infection is one of the first signs of infection; however, current diagnostic tools find it difficult to detect the virus before the rashes begin.

Vaccinomics Approach for Multi-Epitope Vaccine Design against Group A Rotavirus Using VP4 and VP7 Proteins.

Rotavirus A is the most common cause of Acute Gastroenteritis globally among children <5 years of age. Due to a segmented genome, there is a high frequency of genetic reassortment and interspecies transmission which has resulted in the emergence of novel genotypes. There are concerns that monovalent (Rotarix: GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, Rixensart, Belgium) and pentavalent (RotaTeq: MERCK & Co.

Unraveling the Secrets of a Double-Life Fungus by Genomics: CCMB661 Displays Molecular Machinery for Both Parasitic and Endophytic Lifestyles.

(Ascomycota, Hypocreales, Ophiocordycipitaceae) is a classic entomopathogenic fungus that parasitizes ants (Hymenoptera, Ponerinae, Ponerini). Nonetheless, according to our results, this fungal species also exhibits a complete set of genes coding for plant cell wall degrading Carbohydrate-Active enZymes (CAZymes), enabling a full endophytic stage and, consequently, its dual ability to both parasitize insects and live inside plant tissue. The main objective of our study was the sequencing and full characterization of the genome of the fungal strain of (CCMB661) and its predicted secretome.

SARS-CoV-2 Variants Show a Gradual Declining Pathogenicity and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Stimulation, an Increasing Antigenic and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Induction, and Rising Structural Protein Instability: A Minimal Number Genome-Based Approach.

Hyper-transmissibility with decreased disease severity is a typical characteristic of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. To understand this phenomenon, we used various bioinformatics approaches to analyze randomly selected genome sequences (one each) of the Gamma, Delta, and Omicron variants submitted to NCBI from December 15 to 31, 2021. We report that the pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 variants decreases in the order of Wuhan > Gamma > Delta > Omicron; however, the antigenic property follows the order of Omicron > Gamma > Wuhan > Delta.

Long-term unsustainable patterns of development rather than recent deforestation caused the emergence of Orthocoronavirinae species.

We investigated whether a set of phylogeographical tracked emergent events of Orthocoronavirinae were related to developed, urban and polluted environments worldwide. We explored coronavirus records in response to climate (rainfall parameters), population density, CO emission, Human Developmental Index (HDI) and deforestation. We contrasted environmental characteristics from regions with spillovers or encounters of wild Orthocoronavirinae against adjacent areas having best-preserved conditions.

The Space-Exposed Kombucha Microbial Community Member Showed Only Minor Changes in Its Genome After Reactivation on Earth.

is the dominant taxon and cellulose-producing bacteria in the Kombucha Microbial Community (KMC). This is the first study to isolate the genome from a reactivated space-exposed KMC sample and comprehensively characterize it. The space-exposed genome was compared with the Earth-based reference genome to understand the genome stability of under extraterrestrial conditions during a long time.

An issue of concern: unique truncated ORF8 protein variants of SARS-CoV-2.

Open reading frame 8 (ORF8) shows one of the highest levels of variability among accessory proteins in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). It was previously reported that the ORF8 protein inhibits the presentation of viral antigens by the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I), which interacts with host factors involved in pulmonary inflammation. The ORF8 protein assists SARS-CoV-2 in evading immunity and plays a role in SARS-CoV-2 replication.

New dimer and trimer of chalcone derivatives from anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive extracts of Schinopsis brasiliensis roots.

Ethnopharmacology Relevance: Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl. is an endemic tree of the Brazilian semi-arid regions belonging to the Anacardiaceae family. It is the main representative of the genus Schinopsis, mostly native to Brazil and popularly known as "braúna" or "baraúna".

The importance of accessory protein variants in the pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS- CoV-2) with an estimated fatality rate of less than 1%. The SARS-CoV-2 accessory proteins ORF3a, ORF6, ORF7a, ORF7b, ORF8, and ORF10 possess putative functions to manipulate host immune mechanisms. These involve interferons, which appear as a consensus function, immune signaling receptor NLRP3 (NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3) inflammasome, and inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and are critical in COVID-19 pathology.

Potential Molecular Mechanisms of Rare Anti-Tumor Immune Response by SARS-CoV-2 in Isolated Cases of Lymphomas.

Recently, two cases of complete remission of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) and follicular lymphoma (FL) after SARS-CoV-2 infection were reported. However, the precise molecular mechanism of this rare event is yet to be understood. Here, we hypothesize a potential anti-tumor immune response of SARS-CoV-2 and based on a computational approach show that: (i) SARS-CoV-2 Spike-RBD may bind to the extracellular domains of CD15, CD27, CD45, and CD152 receptors of cHL or FL and may directly inhibit cell proliferation.

The Spike of SARS-CoV-2: Uniqueness and Applications.

The Spike (S) protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is critical for its ability to attach and fuse into the host cells, leading to infection, and transmission. In this review, we have initially performed a meta-analysis of keywords associated with the S protein to frame the outline of important research findings and directions related to it. Based on this outline, we have reviewed the structure, uniqueness, and origin of the S protein of SARS-CoV-2.