Stearidonic Acid-Enriched Buglossoides arvensis Oil Alleviates High-Fat Diet-Induced Hepatic Lipid Accumulation and Inflammation via AMPK/SIRT1 Activation in Rats.

Background: Buglossoides arvensis oil (BO) is rich in plant-based omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), including stearidonic acid (SDA). Dietary oils enriched with n-3 PUFAs have been shown to exert beneficial effects on inflammation and lipid metabolism; however, the effects of SDA-enriched BO (SBO) remain unclear.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of SBO (n-3 PUFA: 67.

Development of molecular diagnostic tests for marine mammal DNA viruses, herpesvirus, poxvirus, and anellovirus, using a portable biomeme Franklin thermocycler.

Infectious disease-related mass mortality events (ID-MMEs) in marine mammals have increased dramatically over the past 30 years, and viruses have been identified as the primary cause. This study validates the development and utility of point-of-care diagnostics using handheld devices. Using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (real-time qPCR), we developed and validated a portable diagnostic method for detecting viruses infecting marine mammals in field applications.

Novel human coronavirus in an infant patient with pneumonia, Republic of Korea.

Coronaviruses (CoVs) pose a significant threat to public health, causing a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations and outcomes. Beyond precipitating global outbreaks, Human CoVs (HCoVs) are frequently found among patients with respiratory infections. To date, limited attention has been directed towards alphacoronaviruses due to their low prevalence and fatality rates.

Molecular detection and genomic characterization of Samak Micromys paramyxovirus-1 and -2 in Micromys minutus, Republic of Korea.

Background: The discovery of viruses in small mammalian populations, particularly rodents, has expanded the family Paramyxoviridae. The overlap in habitats between rodents and humans increases the risk of zoonotic events, underscoring the importance of active surveillance. Rodent species, such as Apodemus agrarius, are natural hosts for Paramyxoviridae in the Republic of Korea (ROK).

Plasmonic Annular Nanotrenches with 1 nm Nanogaps for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Using SERS-Based Immunoassay.

This study represents the synthesis of a novel class of nanoparticles denoted as annular Au nanotrenches (AANTs). AANTs are engineered to possess embedded, narrow circular nanogaps with dimensions of approximately 1 nm, facilitating near-field focusing for detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) via a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based immunoassay. Notably, AANTs exhibited an exceedingly low limit of detection (LOD) of 1 fg/mL for SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoproteins, surpassing the commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) by 6 orders of magnitude (1 ng/mL from ELISA).

The influence of crystal structures on the performance of CoMoO battery-type supercapacitor electrodes.

CoMoO is a promising battery-type supercapacitor electrode material that can offer relatively high storage capacity and cycle stability. In this work, we investigate the role of the crystalline phase of CoMoO in determining these performance parameters. The hydrate phase of CoMoO was synthesized on a nickel foam substrate hydrothermal reaction with subsequent annealing under an inert atmosphere leading to the formation of the β-phase CoMoO.

In vitro broad-spectrum antiviral activity of MIT-001, a mitochondria-targeted reactive oxygen species scavenger, against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and multiple zoonotic viruses.

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 becomes a serious threat to global health and requires the development of effective antiviral therapies. Current therapies that target viral proteins have limited efficacy with side effects. In this study, we investigated the antiviral activity of MIT-001, a small molecule reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger targeting mitochondria, against SARS-CoV-2 and other zoonotic viruses in vitro.

VLDL-VLDLR axis facilitates brown fat thermogenesis through replenishment of lipid fuels and PPARβ/δ activation.

In mammals, brown adipose tissue (BAT) is specialized to conduct non-shivering thermogenesis for survival under cold acclimation. Although emerging evidence suggests that lipid metabolites are essential for heat generation in cold-activated BAT, the underlying mechanisms of lipid uptake in BAT have not been thoroughly understood. Here, we show that very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) uptaken by VLDL receptor (VLDLR) plays important roles in thermogenic execution in BAT.

Mathematical modeling of dark fermentation of macroalgae for hydrogen and volatile fatty acids production.

A mathematical model of H and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production via dark fermentation of particulate macroalgal substrates is presented. Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids in the particulate substrate are convert to H, CO, and VFAs via disintegration/solubilization, hydrolysis, and acidogenesis. Hydrolysis is modeled using a combined surface-limiting model combined with a first-order reaction model to describe both microbial hydrolysis and physical solubilization.

Ni-Fe phosphide deposited carbon felt as free-standing bifunctional catalyst electrode for urea electrolysis.

A free-standing catalyst electrode for the urea oxidation reaction (UOR) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in a urea electrolysis cell was synthesized by electroplating a Ni-Fe alloy onto carbon felt, followed by phosphidation (P-NiFe@CF). The prepared P-NiFe@CF catalyst consisted of NiP, NiP, and FeP with 3D flower-like P-NiFe architecture on CF. P-NiFe@CF exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity for the UOR (demanding only 1.

Ni-Co-B nanoparticle decorated carbon felt by electroless plating as a bi-functional catalyst for urea electrolysis.

A free-standing catalyst electrode for urea electrolysis was synthesized by electroless plating of NiCoB alloy onto a flexible carbon felt. The synthesized NiCoB@C catalyst exhibited porous and partially amorphous metallic structure depending on its composition, as analysed by XRD, XPS, and TEM; thus, NiCoB@C catalyst showed a high catalytic activity for urea oxidation reaction as well as hydrogen evolution reaction. The required cell voltage in the electrolysis cell with NiCoB@C as anode and cathode was as low as 1.

Personal, behavioral, and perceived environmental factors associated with late-life depression in older men and women.

Introduction: Previous investigations on factors associated with depression were highly focused on personal characteristics and health behaviors; however, few studies used an ecological perspective on the issue, much less on sex differences. This study examined the factors associated with depression, including any sex differences.

Methods: A total of 1025 Taiwanese adults older than 65 years were recruited.

Walk Score and Its Associations with Older Adults' Health Behaviors and Outcomes.

This study aimed to investigate the associations between Walk Score and lifestyle behaviors and health outcomes in older Taiwanese adults. A nationwide survey was conducted through telephone-based interviews with older adults (65 years and older) in Taiwan. Data on Walk Score, lifestyle behaviors (physical activity, sedentary behavior, healthy eating behavior, alcohol use, and smoking status), health outcomes (overweight/obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease), and personal characteristics were obtained from 1052 respondents.

Loss of distal femur combined with popliteal artery occlusion: reconstructive arthroplasty using modular segmental endoprosthesis: a case report.

Severe injury to the knee and the surrounding area is frequently associated with injury to ligaments of the knee joint and structures in the popliteal fossa. This case involved a popliteal artery occlusion, severe bone loss of distal femur, loss of collateral ligaments, and extensor mechanism destruction of the knee. Initially, prompt recognition and correction of associated popliteal artery injury are important for good results after treatment.