Sex-Difference of Associations between Cigarette Smoking and Myocardial Fibrosis: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Background: Extracellular volume (ECV) and native T1 time (nT1) are markers of interstitial-myocardial-fibrosis (IMF) by cardiac MRI (CMR) and are associated with CV events, heart failure and death. However, the association between smoking and IMF at the population level has not been explored.

Objectives: This study investigated the relationship between smoking and IMF by CMR, as well as the sex differences of this association in the MESA cohort.

Diagnostic performance of cardiovascular magnetic resonance parametric mapping as per modified Lake Louise Criteria in acute myocarditis: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance mapping parameters-native T1 mapping, T2 mapping, and extracellular volume (ECV)-are key for diagnosing acute myocarditis under the modified 2018 Lake Louise Criteria (mLLC). This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated their diagnostic performance and established optimal thresholds for acute myocarditis.

Methods: We reviewed articles published in the past decade utilizing parametric mapping for myocarditis diagnosis.

Semi-quantitative Analysis of Right Ventricular Myocardial First-pass Perfusion Using Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Systemic Sclerosis and Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.

Background: Right ventricular (RV) myocardial perfusion has been touted as a primary mechanism to understand impairment in RV function in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, measuring RV perfusion presents technical challenges. In this study, our aim is to employ a semi-quantitative approach using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging to measure RV free wall first-pass perfusion in patients with PAH and controls, and to evaluate the intra- and inter-reader reproducibility of this approach.

Cardiovascular Interactions of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Assessed by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Background: The effects of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in cardiovascular system have been described based on small studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between aldosterone and plasma renin activity (PRA) and cardiovascular structure and function.

Methods: We studied a random sample of Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis participants who had aldosterone and PRA blood assays at 2003-2005 and underwent cardiac magnetic resonance at 2010.

AI-Based Fully Automated Left Atrioventricular Coupling Index as a Prognostic Marker in Patients Undergoing Stress CMR.

Background: The left atrioventricular coupling index (LACI) is a strong and independent predictor of heart failure (HF) in individuals without clinical cardiovascular disease. Its prognostic value is not established in patients with cardiovascular disease.

Objectives: This study sought to determine in patients undergoing stress cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) whether fully automated artificial intelligence-based LACI can provide incremental prognostic value to predict HF.

Prognostic value of a left atrioventricular coupling index in pre- and post-menopausal women from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Background: Sex hormones associated with both the left atrial (LA) and left ventricular (LV) structures in women, but the association of menopause status with left atrioventricular coupling is not established.

Aim: To assess the prognostic value of a left atrioventricular coupling index (LACI) in peri-menopausal women without a history of cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Materials And Methods: In all women participating in MESA study with baseline cardiovascular MRI, the LACI was measured as the ratio of the LA end-diastolic volume to the LV end-diastolic volume.

Role of MRI-Derived Radiomics Features in Determining Degree of Tumor Differentiation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

: To investigate radiomics ability in predicting hepatocellular carcinoma histological degree of differentiation by using volumetric MR imaging parameters. : Volumetric venous enhancement and apparent diffusion coefficient were calculated on baseline MRI of 171 lesions. Ninety-five radiomics features were extracted, then random forest classification identified the performance of the texture features in classifying tumor degree of differentiation based on their histopathological features.

Determinants of left atrioventricular coupling index: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).

Background: Recent studies have described a novel left atrioventricular coupling index (LACI), which had a better prognostic value in predicting cardiovascular events than individual left atrial (LA) or left ventricular (LV) variables.

Aims: To identify determinants of LACI and its 10-year annual change (ΔLACI), measured by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), and to better understand the variables governing this left atrioventricular coupling.

Methods: In the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, 2112 study participants, free from cardiovascular disease at baseline, had LACI assessed by CMR imaging at baseline (LACI; 2000-2002) and 10 years later (2010-2012).

Left Atrioventricular Coupling Index as a Prognostic Marker of Cardiovascular Events: The MESA Study.

[Figure: see text].

Cross-sectional imaging in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis: Single time-point liver or spleen volume is associated with survival.

Aim: To evaluate the association between single time-point quantitative liver and spleen volumes in patients with PSC and transplant-free survival, independent of Mayo risk score.

Materials And Methods: This HIPAA-compliant retrospective study included 165 PSC patients in a hospital. Total (T), and lobar (right [R], left [L], and caudate [C]) liver volumes and spleen volume (S) were measured.

Analysis of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in 36,000 individuals yields genetic insights into dilated cardiomyopathy.

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is an important cause of heart failure and the leading indication for heart transplantation. Many rare genetic variants have been associated with DCM, but common variant studies of the disease have yielded few associated loci. As structural changes in the heart are a defining feature of DCM, we report a genome-wide association study of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-derived left ventricular measurements in 36,041 UK Biobank participants, with replication in 2184 participants from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

References Values for Left Atrial Volumes, Emptying Fractions, Strains, and Strain Rates and Their Determinants by Age, Gender, and Ethnicity: The Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).

Rationale And Objectives: Left Atrial (LA) adverse remodeling is an important predictor of morbidity and mortality in several cardiovascular (CV) diseases. Our goals were to quantify and provide reference ranges for LA structure and function using feature tracking cine cardiac magnetic resonance.

Materials And Methods: 2526 participants of the Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis study who had feature tracking cine cardiac magnetic resonance derived LA data and were free of atrial fibrillation/flutter and prior CV events at year five follow-up examination (2010-2012) were included in this study.

The impact of tissue-tracking strain on the left atrial dysfunction in the patients with left ventricular dysfunction.

Background: The extracellular volume (ECV) calculated by T1 mapping, and tissue-tracking strain using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) are useful for assessing the left ventricular (LV) function. However, those parameters are controversial for assessing left atrial (LA) function. This study aimed to investigate the usefulness of CMR to evaluate the LA function using those parameters.

Change in NT-proBNP (N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide) Level and Risk of Dementia in Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).

Cross-sectionally measured NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) is related to incident dementia. However, data linking changes in NT-proBNP to risk of future dementia are lacking. We aimed to examine the association of change in NT-proBNP over 3.

Emphysema Quantification on Cardiac CT Scans Using Hidden Markov Measure Field Model: The MESA Lung Study.

Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scans include approximately 2/3 of the lung and can be obtained with low radiation exposure. Large cohorts of population-based research studies reported high correlations of emphysema quantification between full-lung (FL) and cardiac CT scans, using thresholding-based measurements. This work extends a hidden Markov measure field (HMMF) model-based segmentation method for automated emphysema quantification on cardiac CT scans.

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance in an adult human population: serial observations from the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis.

The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) is the first large-scale multi-ethnic population study in the U.S. to use advanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging.

Association of left atrial structure and function and incident cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes mellitus: results from multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis (MESA).

Aims: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Morphological changes in the left atrium (LA) may appear before symptoms. We aimed to investigate the association between cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) measured LA structure and function and incident CVD in asymptomatic individuals with DM.

Baseline assessment and comparison of arterial anatomy, hyperemic flow, and skeletal muscle perfusion in peripheral artery disease: The Cardiovascular Cell Therapy Research Network "Patients with Intermittent Claudication Injected with ALDH Bright Cells" (CCTRN PACE) study.

Background: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is important to public health as a major contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Recent developments in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques permit improved assessment of PAD anatomy and physiology, and may serve as surrogate end points after proangiogenic therapies.

Methods: The PACE study is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial designed to assess the physiologic impact and potential clinical efficacy of autologous bone marrow-derived ALDH stem cells.

Transitions in Metabolic Risk and Long-Term Cardiovascular Health: Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study.

Background: Despite evidence suggesting that early metabolic dysfunction impacts cardiovascular disease risk, current guidelines focus on risk assessments later in life, missing early transitions in metabolic risk that may represent opportunities for averting the development of cardiovascular disease.

Methods And Results: In 4420 young adults in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study, we defined a "metabolic" risk score based on components of the Third Report of the Adult Treatment Panel's definition of metabolic syndrome. Using latent class trajectory analysis adjusted for sex, race, and time-dependent body mass index, we identified 6 distinct metabolic trajectories over time, specified by initial and final risk: low-stable, low-worsening, high-stable, intermediate-worsening, intermediate-stable, and high-worsening.

Natural History of Myocardial Function in an Adult Human Population: Serial Longitudinal Observations From MESA.

Objectives: The aim of this longitudinal study was to define the determinants of aging-related left ventricular (LV) remodeling and function in a large multiethnic population.

Background: The influence of risk factor exposure on myocardial remodeling and function in humans across adult life remains incompletely understood. MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) is a longitudinal population-based cohort of asymptomatic adults at baseline.

Association of Insulin Resistance and Glycemic Metabolic Abnormalities With LV Structure and Function in Middle Age: The CARDIA Study.

Objectives: This study sought to investigate how cumulative exposure to glycemic abnormalities and trajectories of insulin resistance (IR) relate to left ventricular (LV) remodeling and function during young to middle adulthood.

Background: Cumulative exposure to glycemic abnormalities and trajectories of IR may adversely influence LV remodeling and function over a 25-year period in subjects who were young adults, predisposing individuals to heart failure later in life.

Methods: In the CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) Year 25 examination, 3,179 participants were identified with information on glucose metabolism; these participants were stratified into 4 subgroups: group 1 normal glucose tolerance (NGT), group 2 impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or impaired fasting glucose, group 3 late diabetes mellitus (DM) (DM diagnosed at year 15 or later), and group 4 early DM (DM diagnosed at year 0 to year 15).

Association of Fitness in Young Adulthood With Survival and Cardiovascular Risk: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study.

Importance: Although cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is prognostic in older adults, the effect of CRF during early adulthood on long-term cardiovascular structure, function, and prognosis is less clear.

Objective: To examine whether CRF in young adults is associated with long-term clinical outcome and subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Design, Setting, And Participants: Prospective study of 4872 US adults aged 18 to 30 years who underwent treadmill exercise testing at a baseline study visit from March 25, 1985, to June 7, 1986, and 2472 individuals who underwent a second treadmill test 7 years later.