Validation of normal reference ranges in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Background: Normal reference ranges in cardiovascular imaging studies are typically established as the mean value plus and minus twice the standard deviation (SD) of a healthy reference cohort ("2 SD-method"). Although widely used for cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), this approach has not been previously validated. The purpose of this study was to use longitudinal cohort data to assess the clinical predictive validity of normal reference values for cardiac CMR.

Air pollution and cognitive performance in late life: the role of lipid profile - results from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).

Introduction: Evidence on blood lipids in the air pollutant-cognition relationship is scarce. In this study, we identified the role of blood lipids in the air pollutant-cognition relationship in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) cohort.

Methods: The study sample consisted of 1,518 adults who participated in MESA Exams 1-6 (2000-2018).

Aortic arch calcification in relation to cigarette smoking: results from the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis (MESA).

Cigarette smoking is a known contributor to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and is associated with increased prevalence of coronary artery calcium. However, despite this clinical significance, calcium deposition in other vascular beds, specifically the aortic arch, has yet to be thoroughly investigated among cigarette smokers.The study population comprised participants who underwent non-contrast chest CT scans in MESA exam 5 (2010-2012).

Baseline Cardiac Biomarker Levels as Predictors of Cancer Risk in the MESA Cohort.

Background: Assessing the association between baseline levels of cardiac biomarkers and future cancer risk is critical to understand the cross talk between cardiovascular disease and cancer.

Objectives: The authors aimed to determine the association between baseline levels of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) with cancer risk in the prospective MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) cohort.

Methods: We analyzed data from 6,244 MESA participants free of self-reported cancer and cardiovascular disease at baseline.

PREVENT Risk Score vs the Pooled Cohort Equations in MESA.

Background: In 2023, the American Heart Association developed the PREVENT (Predicting Risk of CVD Events) equations to estimate risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and heart failure (HF).

Objectives: Assess the comparative performance of PREVENT-ASCVD vs current guideline-recommended Pooled Cohort Equations (PCE). Evaluate the performance of the PREVENT-HF risk algorithm.

Cardiac computed tomography imaging biomarkers for prediction of new-onset heart failure: Multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis.

Background: Heart failure (HF) is associated with a large socioeconomic burden. The growth of cardiac computed tomography (CT) has allowed for investigation of new applications in predicting risk of cardiovascular disease.

Objective: To determine if cardiac CT imaging biomarkers could predict new-onset HF and improve discrimination in a current HF prediction model.

Importance of Age and Sex in Carotid Artery Plaque Detection and Cardiovascular Disease Risk.

Importance: Carotid artery plaque (CAP) is commonly encountered in clinical practice. Presence of CAP predicts future atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events; however, CAP prevalence increases with age, and it is unknown how age and sex affect the association of CAP presence and ASCVD risk.

Objectives: To describe CAP prevalence by age, sex, race, and ethnicity in a multiethnic population and to investigate whether the impact of CAP detection on relative ASCVD risk declines with age and differs by sex.

Potato Consumption and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in a Harmonized Analysis of Seven Prospective Cohorts.

: While previous study results have suggested an elevated risk of type 2 diabetes with potato consumption, limited and inconsistent results are available on the association of potato consumption with the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and hypertension (HTN). We assessed the associations of (i) total potato consumption with the risk of CVD and HTN as the primary aim and (ii) fried potatoes and combined baked, boiled, and mashed potatoes with the risk of CVD and HTN as the secondary aim. : We conducted a meta-analysis using data from seven cohorts for CVD ( = 110,063) and five cohorts for HTN ( = 67,146).

GLS2 links glutamine metabolism and atherosclerosis by remodeling artery walls.

Metabolic dysregulation, including perturbed glutamine-glutamate homeostasis, is common among patients with cardiovascular diseases, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Using the human MESA cohort, here we show that plasma glutamine-glutamate ratio is an independent risk factor for carotid plaque progression. Mice deficient in glutaminase-2 (Gls2), the enzyme that mediates hepatic glutaminolysis, developed accelerated atherosclerosis and susceptibility to catastrophic cardiac events, while Gls2 overexpression partially protected from disease progression.

Factors Associated With Missing Biological Samples in the Dog Ageing Project.

Background: The Dog Aging Project (DAP) is a longitudinal study examining aging in US companion dogs, where missing data pose a challenge to result validity and statistical power. Early recognition and procedural adjustments are vital to address missing samples.

Objectives: This research assesses missing biospecimen samples within the PRECISION cohort of the DAP, aiming to identify contributing factors and propose mitigation strategies.

Relationship of Plasma Apolipoprotein C-I Truncation With Risk of Diabetes in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and the Actos Now for the Prevention of Diabetes Study.

Objective: Higher truncated-to-native apolipoprotein (apo) C-I proteoform ratios (C-I'/C-I) are associated with favorable cardiometabolic risk profiles, but their relationship with longitudinal changes in insulin resistance (IR) and incident diabetes is unknown.

Research Design And Methods: Plasma apoC-I proteoforms were measured by mass spectrometry immunoassay at baseline in 4,742 nondiabetic participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) and 524 participants with prediabetes in the Actos Now for Prevention of Diabetes (ACT NOW) study. The primary outcome was incident diabetes (fasting glucose [FG] ≥7.

Racial disparities in incident and recurrent cardiovascular events: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Most prior studies of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events have focused on incident events. Here, differences were analyzed by race/ethnicity in incident and recurrent CVD events in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis from baseline in 2000-2002 through 2019 using joint and multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards modeling. Among 6814 men and women aged 45-85 years without known CVD at enrollment, during median follow-up of 17.

Potato Consumption and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Harmonized Analysis of 7 Prospective Cohorts.

Background: Data on the relation of potato consumption with risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) are limited and inconsistent. It is unclear whether the plant-based diet index (PDI), which is a novel and comprehensive tool to assess overall dietary pattern, modifies the association of potato intake with T2D.

Objectives: We examined the association of total, combined baked, boiled, and mashed potatoes and fried potatoes with risk of T2D and test the interaction between PDI score and potato consumption on T2D risk.

Impact of Nonalcoholic Hepatic Steatosis on the Warranty Period of a Coronary Artery Calcium Score of 0: Results From the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Background: For individuals with a coronary artery calcium (CAC) score of 0, CAC rescans at appropriate timings are recommended, depending on individual risk profiles. Although nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, recently redefined as metabolic-associated fatty liver disease, is a risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events, its relationship with the warranty period of a CAC score of 0 has not been elucidated.

Methods: A total of 1944 subjects from the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) with a baseline CAC score of 0, presence or absence of nonalcoholic hepatic steatosis, and at least 1 follow-up computed tomography scan were included.

Addition of Social Determinants of Health to Coronary Heart Disease Risk Prediction: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Background: Social determinants of health (SDoH) are associated with cardiovascular risk factors and outcomes; however, they are absent from risk prediction models. We aimed to assess if the addition of SDoH improves the predictive ability of the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) Risk Score.

Methods And Results: This was a community-based prospective population cohort study that enrolled 6286 men and women, ages 45-84 years, who were free of clinical coronary heart disease (CHD) at baseline.

Thoracic versus coronary calcification for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events prediction.

Unlabelled: This study compared the prognostic value of quantified thoracic artery calcium (TAC) including aortic arch on chest CT and coronary artery calcium (CAC) score on ECG-gated cardiac CT.

Methods: A total of 2412 participants who underwent both chest CT and ECG-gated cardiac CT at the same period were included in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Exam 5. All participants were monitored for incident atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension treatment: an individual participant data network meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Effective therapies that target three main signalling pathways are approved to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, there are few large patient-level studies that compare the effectiveness of these pathways. The aim of this analysis was to compare the effectiveness of the treatment pathways in PAH and to assess treatment heterogeneity.

Discrimination, Smoking, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: A Moderated Mediation Analysis With MESA.

Background: Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and carotid plaque are reliable indicators of cardiovascular disease risk, and research highlights that racial and ethnic minority individuals generally exhibit higher cIMT and carotid plaque than White individuals. At present, the mechanisms driving these disparities among different racial and ethnic and biological sex groups are poorly understood.

Methods And Results: Data came from the baseline examination of MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis).

Associations of Abdominal Muscle Density and Area and Incident Cardiovascular Disease, Coronary Heart Disease, and Stroke: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Background: Muscle density is inversely associated with all-cause mortality, but associations with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk are not well understood. This study evaluated the association between muscle density and muscle area and incident total CVD, coronary heart disease (CHD), and stroke in diverse men and women.

Methods And Results: Adult participants (N=1869) in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Ancillary Body Composition Study underwent computer tomography scans of the L2-L4 region of the abdomen.

Dog size and patterns of disease history across the canine age spectrum: Results from the Dog Aging Project.

Age in dogs is associated with the risk of many diseases, and canine size is a major factor in that risk. However, the size patterns are complex. While small size dogs tend to live longer, some diseases are more prevalent among small dogs.