Estimating Health Condition Prevalence Among a Statewide Cohort with Recent Homelessness or Incarceration.

Background: Public health data systems have limited ability to provide timely, population-level information for people with severe and multiple disadvantages, such as individuals with recent homelessness or incarceration.

Objective: To generate prevalence estimates for physical health, mental health, and substance use conditions in a statewide cohort that included individuals with recent incarceration or homelessness.

Design: This observational cohort analysis was completed in July 2025 and used linked statewide electronic health record (EHR) and administrative data through the Minnesota Electronic Health Record Consortium (MNEHRC) and its Health Trends Across Communities project.

Proteomics-based aging clocks in midlife or late-life and their associated risk of dementia.

Background: Biological age can be quantified by composite proteomic scores, called proteomics-based aging clocks (PACs). We investigated whether a discrepancy between chronological and biological age in midlife and late-life is associated with cognition and dementia risk.

Methods: We used two longitudinal population-based studies: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study and the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).

Risk Prediction of Cerebrovascular Ischemic Events Following Cervical Artery Dissections Using High-Intensity Transient Signals: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and a single center experience.

Background: Predicting and managing spontaneous Cervical Artery Dissections (CeAD) is challenging due to the absence of tools for early identification of high-risk individuals. This study seeks to gather evidence on the predictive value of high-intensity transient signals (HITS) detected by Transcranial Doppler for recurrent ischemic events (IEs) following CeAD.

Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies along with the data from our cohort.

An Ounce of Prevention: The Growing Need for Preventive Neurologists.

The global burden of neurologic disorders is rising, driven by aging populations and improved survival following acute neurologic events. As a result, more individuals are living with long-term disabilities from conditions such as stroke, dementia, and other neurodegenerative diseases. Despite significant advances in neurology, there remains an urgent need for a preventive approach to mitigate these trends.

Proteomics-based aging clocks in midlife and late-life and risk of dementia.

Background: Biological age can be quantified by composite proteomic scores, called aging clocks. We investigated whether biological age acceleration (a discrepancy between chronological and biological age) in midlife and late-life is associated with cognitive function and risk of dementia.

Methods: We used two population-based cohort studies: Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study and Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).

Transcranial doppler (TCD) in predicting outcomes following successful mechanical thrombectomy of large vessel occlusions in anterior circulation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Transcranial Doppler (TCD) is a non-invasive, bedside tool that allows for real-time monitoring of the patient's hemodynamic status following mechanical thrombectomy (MT). This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the predictive value of TCD parameters following successful MT (Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction 2b-3).

Methods: In July 2024, we searched PubMed, Embase, and Scopus, to identify observational studies in which TCD parameters were measured within 48 hours of MT.

Population attributable fraction of total stroke associated with modifiable risk factors in the United States.

Stroke is a leading cause of death in the United States across all race/ethnicity and sex groups, though disparities exist. We investigated the potential for primary prevention of total first stroke for Americans aged 20 years or older, stratified by sex and race/ethnicity. Specifically, we calculated population attributable fractions (PAFs) of first stroke for 7 potentially modifiable risk factors: smoking, physical inactivity, poor diet, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and atrial fibrillation.

Statin treatment intensity and cerebral vasomotor reactivity response in patients with ischemic stroke.

Background And Purpose: Cerebral vasomotor reactivity (VMR) is vital for regulating brain blood flow and maintaining neurological function. Impaired cerebral VMR is linked to a higher risk of stroke and poor post-stroke outcomes. This study explores the relationship between statin treatment intensity and VMR in patients with ischemic stroke.

Post-Stroke Brain Health Monitoring and Optimization: A Narrative Review.

Significant advancements have been made in recent years in the acute treatment and secondary prevention of stroke. However, a large proportion of stroke survivors will go on to have enduring physical, cognitive, and psychological disabilities from suboptimal post-stroke brain health. Impaired brain health following stroke thus warrants increased attention from clinicians and researchers alike.

Diffusion Restriction in the Splenium: A Comparative Study of Cytotoxic Lesions of the Corpus Callosum (CLOCCs) versus Lesions of Vascular Etiology.

Cytotoxic lesions of the corpus callosum (CLOCCs) have broad differential diagnoses. Differentiating these lesions from lesions of vascular etiology is of high clinical significance. We compared the clinical and radiological characteristics and outcomes between vascular splenial lesions and CLOCCs in a retrospective cohort study.

Intracranial Atherosclerosis Disease Associated With Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Intracranial atherosclerosis disease (ICAD) alters cerebrovascular hemodynamics and brain structural integrity. Multiple studies have evaluated the link between ICAD and cognitive impairment, with mixed results. This study aims to systematically review and summarize the current evidence on this link.

Diffusion-Restricted Lesions of the Splenium: Clinical Presentation, Radiographic Patterns, and Patient Outcomes.

Background And Objectives: Diffusion-restricted (DR) lesions of the splenium are encountered in a wide variety of pathologies, and their significance is often unclear. We sought to report the spectrum of clinical presentations, neuroimaging patterns, and the predictors of radiographic and clinical outcomes from DR splenial lesions.

Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective cohort study from January 1, 2009, to August 1, 2020.

The role of population-level preventive care for brain health in ageing.

Over the past several decades, a worldwide demographic transition has led to an increasing number of older adults with chronic neurological conditions. These conditions, which have a profound effect on the cognitive function and physical ability of older adults, also have a long preclinical phase. This feature provides a unique opportunity to implement preventive measures for high-risk groups and the population as a whole, and therefore to reduce the burden of neurological diseases.

Weight loss, visit-to-visit body weight variability and cognitive function in older individuals.

Objective: to investigate the association between variability and loss of body weight with subsequent cognitive performance and activities of daily living in older individuals.

Design: cross-sectional cohort study.

Setting: PROspective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly at Risk, multicentre trial with participants from Scotland, Ireland and the Netherlands.

The Burden of Dementia Spectrum Disorders and Associated Comorbid and Demographic Features.

Dementia spectrum disorders (DSDs) are a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide. DSDs encompass a large group of medical conditions that all ultimately lead to major functional and cognitive decline and disability. Demographic and comorbid conditions that are associated with DSDs have significant prognostic and preventive implications.

Primary Prevention of Ischemic Stroke.

Ischemic stroke is by far the most common type of cerebrovascular event and remains a major cause of death and disability globally. Despite advancements in acute stroke care, primary prevention is still the most cost-effective approach in reducing the burden of ischemic stroke. The two main strategies for primary stroke prevention include population-wide versus high-risk group interventions.

Opinion & Special Article: Preventive Neurology: An Emerging Field Toward Brain Health.

With the rapid aging of populations, neurologic disorders have become among the leading causes of disability and mortality worldwide. Most neurologic conditions have a prolonged prodromal phase-even if they tend to manifest with an acute syndrome such as stroke-and can lead to a relentless, often deleterious course creating a major burden on patients, caregivers, and society. This unique nature of neurologic diseases signifies the strong need for equally effective primary and secondary prevention strategies and focus on brain health before brain diseases ensue.

SARS-CoV-2 and Stroke Characteristics: A Report From the Multinational COVID-19 Stroke Study Group.

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Contributions of Cerebral Blood Flow to Associations Between Blood Pressure Levels and Cognition: The Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study.

[Figure: see text].

Neurovascular-glymphatic dysfunction and white matter lesions.

Cerebral white matter lesions (WML) represent a spectrum of age-related structural changes that are identified as areas of white matter high signal intensity on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Preservation of white matter requires proper functioning of both the cerebrovascular and glymphatic systems. The cerebrovascular safeguards adequate cerebral blood flow to supply oxygen, energy, and nutrients through a dynamic process of cerebral autoregulation and neurovascular coupling to keep up with global and regional demands of the brain.

Central nervous system vascular malformations: A clinical review.

CNS vascular malformation is an umbrella term that encompasses a wide variety of pathologies, with a wide range of therapeutic and diagnostic importance. This range spans lesions with a risk of devastating neurological compromise to lesions with a slow, static or benign course. Advances in neurovascular imaging along with increased utilization of these advances, have resulted in more frequent identification of these lesions.

Association of Circulating Metabolites in Plasma or Serum and Risk of Stroke: Meta-analysis From 7 Prospective Cohorts.

Objective: To conduct a comprehensive analysis of circulating metabolites and incident stroke in large prospective population-based settings.

Methods: We investigated the association of metabolites with risk of stroke in 7 prospective cohort studies including 1,791 incident stroke events among 38,797 participants in whom circulating metabolites were measured by nuclear magnetic resonance technology. The relationship between metabolites and stroke was assessed with Cox proportional hazards regression models.

COVID-19 Respiratory Illness and Subsequent Cerebrovascular Events, the Initial Iranian Experience.

Objectives: COVID-19 disproportionately affects older adults and individuals with cardiovascular co-morbidities. This report presents fifteen patients who had COVID-19 respiratory illness followed by cerebrovascular events.

Materials And Methods: A call by the Iranian Neurological Association gathered cases across the country who developed neurological symptoms attributed to hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke after a definite or probable Covid-19 respiratory illness.

N-Terminal Pro Brain, N-Terminal Pro Atrial Natriuretic Peptides, and Dynamic Cerebral Autoregulation.

Background Elevated natriuretic peptides (NP) are associated with adverse cerebrovascular conditions including stroke, cerebral small vessel disease, and dementia. However, the mechanisms underlying these associations remain unclear. In this study, we examined the relationship of NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro brain NP) and NT-proANP (N-terminal pro atrial NP) with cerebrovascular function, measured by cerebral autoregulation.