Biomarker-directed targeted therapy plus durvalumab in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a phase 2 umbrella trial.

For patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumors without currently targetable molecular alterations, standard-of-care treatment is immunotherapy with anti-PD-(L)1 checkpoint inhibitors, alone or with platinum-doublet therapy. However, not all patients derive durable benefit and resistance to immune checkpoint blockade is common. Understanding mechanisms of resistance-which can include defects in DNA damage response and repair pathways, alterations or functional mutations in STK11/LKB1, alterations in antigen-presentation pathways, and immunosuppressive cellular subsets within the tumor microenvironment-and developing effective therapies to overcome them, remains an unmet need.

Case Report: Extensive Gangrene: A Rare Presentation of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.

A wide spectrum of cutaneous manifestations are reported in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). However, gangrenous changes are less frequently reported. A 3-year old boy, with a known case of unoperated tetralogy of Fallot, presented with a short history of fever, rash, and melena.

Technical Tips in Managing Large Median Lobes During Robot-assisted Radical Prostatectomy.

Unlabelled: Prostate cancer surgeons are commonly faced by a technically challenging situation dealing with prostate cancer having large median lobes. Patients with large median lobes often have larger prostates, which makes it difficult to visualize anatomical planes during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). Herein, we described our experience in dealing with large median lobes during RARP.

Medium-Term Real-World Outcomes of Minimally Invasive Surgical Therapies for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Water Vapor Thermal Therapy (Rezum) Prostatic Urethral Lift (UroLift) in a High-Volume Urban Academic Center.

Water vapor thermal therapy (WVTT, i.e., Rezum) and prostatic urethral lift (PUL, i.

Robot-assisted vs ultrasonography-guided transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block vs local anaesthesia in urology: results of the UROTAP randomized trial.

Objectives: To prospectively analyse robotically administered transperitoneal transversus abdominis plane (robot-assisted transversus abdominis plane [RTAP]) compared with both ultrasonography-guided transversus abdominis plane (UTAP) and local anaesthesia (LA) with regard to pain control and narcotic use in patients undergoing robot-assisted prostatectomy (RARP) or robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN).

Subjects/patients And Methods: Patients undergoing RARP or RAPN were randomized in a single-blind 2:2:1 fashion to RTAP:UTAP:LA, with the study powered to evaluate superiority of UTAP to LA and non-inferiority of RTAP to UTAP. We compared time to deliver the block, operating room time, postoperative pain scores using the visual analogue scale, and intra-operative and postoperative analgesia consumption.

A preclinical model of peripheral T-cell lymphoma GATA3 reveals DNA damage response pathway vulnerability.

Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) represents a rare group of heterogeneous diseases in urgent need of effective treatments. A scarcity of disease-relevant preclinical models hinders research advances. Here, we isolated a novel mouse (m)PTCL by serially transplanting a lymphoma from a germinal center B-cell hyperplasia model (Cγ1-Cre Blimp1 ) through immune-competent mice.

Rezum therapy for patients with large prostates (≥ 80 g): initial clinical experience and postoperative outcomes.

Purpose: Rezum is a minimally invasive surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Current guidelines recommend Rezum for prostates < 80 cc, but little data exist describing outcomes in patients with prostates ≥ 80 cc. We compare outcomes after Rezum between men with small < 80 cc (SP) and large ≥ 80 cc prostates (LP).

Robotic-Assisted Partial Nephrectomy and Adrenalectomy: Case of a Pheochromocytoma Invading into Renal Parenchyma.

Although upper pole renal masses and adrenal masses can usually be distinguished on cross-sectional imaging, large masses can obscure the boundaries between the kidney and adrenal gland. We describe a unique case of an adrenal pheochromocytoma in a 42-year-old female who was referred for robotic partial nephrectomy. During the procedure, the patient developed severe hypertension.

Occurrence, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and genotypic relatedness of Salmonella spp. isolates from captive wildlife, their caretakers, feed and water in India.

Occurrence of Salmonella spp. in captive wild animal species in India is largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the occurrence of different Salmonella serotypes, antimicrobial resistance patterns and genotypic relatedness of recovered isolates.

Role of Preablative Stimulated Thyroglobulin in Prediction of Nodal and Distant Metastasis on Iodine Whole-Body Scan.

Background: Preablative stimulated thyroglobulin (ps-Tg) is an important investigation in the follow-up of patients with Differentiated thyroid cancer(DTC) after surgery. Levels of ps-Tg >2-10 ng/ml have been suggested to predict metastasis to cervical and extracervical sites. There is still debate on the need for routine iodine whole-body scan (I WBS) in the management of low-to-intermediate-risk DTC patients.

Diversity of toxin-genotypes among Clostridium perfringens isolated from healthy and diarrheic neonatal cattle and buffalo calves.

The diversity of toxin-genotypes of C. perfringens in neonatal calves was determined in this study. A total of 682 fresh faecal samples comprising 559 healthy and 123 diarrheic neonatal calves (cattle and buffalo) were collected from various farms in Northern India.

Prevalence and molecular typing of Clostridium perfringens in captive wildlife in India.

The prevalence of Clostridium perfringens in captive wildlife in India has not been reported. The objective of the study was to determine the fecal prevalence of C. perfringens in captive wildlife in India.

Epithelial ovarian cancer: An overview.

Ovarian cancer is the second most common gynecological cancer and the leading cause of death in the United States. In this article we review the diagnosis and current management of epithelial ovarian cancer which accounts for over 95 percent of the ovarian malignancies. We will present various theories about the potential origin of ovarian malignancies.

BRCA1 proteins regulate growth of ovarian cancer cells by tethering Ubc9.

Mutation in the BRCA1 gene is associated with increased risk for hereditary breast and ovarian cancers. In sporadic ovarian tumors, BRCA1 dysfunction is thought to be common. BRCA1 is a nuclear-cytoplasm shuttling protein.

How best to manage dysfunctional uterine bleeding.

Irregular or unusually heavy periods are a common complaint. Most often, the condition is benign and can by managed conservatively. Assess postmenopausal women for cancer by endometrial biopsy, transvaginal ultrasound, or saline infusion sonohysterogram.

Diagnosis and management of adnexal masses.

Adnexal masses represent a spectrum of conditions from gynecologic and nongynecologic sources. They may be benign or malignant. The initial detection and evaluation of an adnexal mass requires a high index of suspicion, a thorough history and physical examination, and careful attention to subtle historical clues.

Heterogeneity of cathepsin B and stefin A expression in Gleason pattern 3+3 (score 6) prostate cancer needle biopsies.

Background: There is a significant positive association of increased ratios of cathepsin B to its endogenous inhibitor stefin (cystatin) A in prostatectomy tumors with pelvic lymph node metastases. Needle biopsy diagnosis of prostate cancer is critical in initial treatment selection. The objective was to characterize cathepsin B and stefin A immunostaining patterns in needle biopsies of histologically similar Gleason pattern 3+3 (score 6) foci in relation to pretreatment clinical data.

Percutaneous nephrostomy catheters: drainage flow and retention strength.

Objectives: To evaluate the impact of percutaneous nephrostomy catheter configuration on drainage flow and retention strength.

Methods: The Cook nephrostomy 16F (symmetric balloon), Bardex Council 16F (eccentric balloon), Microvasive Flexima 14F (pigtail), and Bardex Malecot 16F (flange) nephrostomy catheters were attached to an artificial renal pelvis (12-in.-round latex balloon).

Initial report of off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery as sole therapy for moderate ischemic mitral regurgitation: operative and intermediate-term outcome.

Background: Patients undergoing on-pump coronary artery bypass surgery (CAB) with coexistent moderate ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR) have a significant mortality rate compared to patients without MR. The mortality rate is elevated both perioperatively (0%-12% mortality), as well as over a 1- and 2-year postoperative period (15%-25%). It is thought that some patients are best served by off-pump CAB (OPCAB); however, outcomes have not been reported for such patients with coexistent moderate IMR.

Matrix metalloproteinases in the pathogenesis of estradiol-induced nonbacterial prostatitis in the lateral prostate lobe of the Wistar rat.

Chronic nonbacterial prostatitis develops spontaneously with age in the lateral lobe of the prostate in some strains of rat. Our objective was to examine the role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) in the pathogenesis of chronic nonbacterial prostatitis using a chronic estrogen treatment, Wistar rat model (Prostate 12 (1988) 271). Male Wistar rats, 90 days of age (8 rats/group), were castrated and groups were implanted 8 days later with 1 cm silastic tubings containing estradiol 17 beta (E2).