Horizontal transport characteristics of microplastics under simulated hydrodynamic conditions.

The horizontal transport of microplastics on soil surfaces represents a crucial pathway for their distribution in the environment. This study systematically investigated the horizontal transport characteristics of microplastics under simulated hydrodynamic conditions to understand their behavior during surface runoff scouring. Experiments were conducted using 1 μm polystyrene particles and quartz sand (250-425 μm) to examine the effects of runoff velocity (10, 16, 23 cm/s) and slope gradient (0 %, 3 %, 5 %) on microplastic transport.

Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma in situ as the presenting feature in a mosaic STK11 pathogenic variant carrier with a Peutz-Jeghers syndrome child.

We present the first documented case of gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma in situ in a mosaic STK11 pathogenic variant carrier, who delivered a child with classic Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS). A 53-year-old woman presented with persistent watery vaginal discharge for 2 years. Histopathology confirmed gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma in situ.

NKD1 enhances colon cancer progression by inhibiting the autophagic degradation of MYC.

NKD1 is a known suppressor of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. However, our previous study revealed that NKD1 could promote the proliferation and migration of colon cancer cells, enhancing colon cancer progression via unknown mechanisms. In the present study, we found that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ) is a transcription factor of the NKD1 gene.

An improved bistable stochastic resonance method and its application in early bearing fault diagnosis.

In the field of bearing fault diagnosis, the phenomenon of stochastic resonance (SR) has been proven to effectively utilize noise to enhance weak features of early faults. The classical bistable stochastic resonance (CBSR) model, as one of the most widely applied SR methods, faces limitations in feature enhancement due to the complexity of parameter tuning and the issue of output saturation. To address these issues, this paper proposes an improved piecewise unsaturated bistable stochastic resonance (PUBSR) method, which employs an asymmetric potential function to effectively mitigate the output saturation problem of CBSR.

Fault diagnosis methods for imbalanced samples of hydraulic pumps based on DA-DCGAN.

Status monitoring and fault diagnosis of mechanical equipment are vital for ensuring operational safety. However, real-world diagnostic scenarios often suffer from limited and imbalanced fault data, affecting model accuracy and reliability. This study addresses these challenges by focusing on bearings and hydraulic pumps as research objects.

A Preprocessing Toolbox for 2-Photon Subcellular Calcium Imaging.

Recording the spiking activity from subcellular compartments of neurons such as axons and dendrites during mouse behavior with 2-photon calcium imaging is increasingly common yet remains challenging due to low signal-to-noise, inaccurate region-of-interest (ROI) identification, movement artifacts, and difficulty in grouping ROIs from the same neuron. To address these issues, we present a computationally efficient preprocessing pipeline for subcellular signal detection, movement artifact identification, and ROI grouping. For subcellular signal detection, we capture the frequency profile of calcium transient dynamics by applying fast Fourier transform (FFT) on smoothed time-series calcium traces collected from axon ROIs.

Urban connected vehicle lane planning based on improved Frank Wolfe algorithm.

As the new generation of information technology matures and improves, the functions of intelligent connected vehicles become more and more perfect, and the number of urban connected vehicles is also increasing. To provide an effective optimization scheme to the mixed traffic flow road network in the networked environment, the study investigates the lane planning for urban connected vehicles method. First, a lane planning for urban connected vehicles bi-level programming model is constructed.

Synaptic plasticity rules driving representational shifting in the hippocampus.

Synaptic plasticity is widely thought to support memory storage in the brain, but the rules determining impactful synaptic changes in vivo are not known. We considered the trial-by-trial shifting dynamics of hippocampal place fields (PF) as an indicator of ongoing plasticity during memory formation and familiarization. By implementing different plasticity rules in computational models of spiking place cells and comparing them to experimentally measured PFs from mice navigating familiar and new environments, we found that behavioral timescale synaptic plasticity (BTSP), rather than Hebbian spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP), best explains PF shifting dynamics.

The assessment of autonomic nervous function in patients with gastrointestinal malignancies and its relationship with clinical characteristics.

Introduction: The gastrointestinal tract is the organ most extensively distributed by autonomic nerves, and researches have indicated a relationship between automatic nerves and the progression of gastrointestinal cancers. This study aimed to evaluate the autonomic nervous function in patients with gastrointestinal cancer and to explore its relationship with clinical characteristics.

Methods: We employed the Composite Autonomic Symptom Score 31 (COMPASS-31) questionnaire and cardiovascular autonomic reflex tests (CARTs) to evaluate autonomic nervous function, while also conducting a thorough analysis of clinical data.

Disease burden of lung cancer attributable to metabolic and behavioral risks in China and globally from 1990 to 2021.

Background: There are differences between China and globally in the burden of lung cancer attributed to behavioral and metabolic risks.

Methods: This research utilized the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database to extract the deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) of lung cancer attributed to metabolic and behavioral risks in China and globally, along with the age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) and age-standardized DALYs rates (ASDR). The age-period-cohort model was used to identify age effects, period effects, cohort effects, as well as local and net drift.

Optimizing eco-friendly jewelry design through an integrated eco-innovation approach using artificial neural networks.

Achieving sustainable practices in the jewelry industry necessitates the adoption of optimized eco-design approaches. The optimization of eco-friendly jewelry design was investigated in this study through an integrated analysis of materials, digital manufacturing, and predictive modeling. Sustainable techniques were identified, and an artificial neural network (ANN) model was developed to predict environmental impacts based on material properties and design attributes.

Type 3 deiodinase activation mediated by the Shh/Gli1 axis promotes sepsis-induced metabolic dysregulation in skeletal muscles.

Background: Non-thyroidal illness syndrome is commonly observed in critically ill patients, characterized by the inactivation of systemic thyroid hormones (TH), which aggravates metabolic dysfunction. Recent evidence indicates that enhanced TH inactivation is mediated by the reactivation of type 3 deiodinase (Dio3) at the tissue level, culminating in a perturbed local metabolic equilibrium. This study assessed whether targeted inhibition of Dio3 can maintain tissue metabolic homeostasis under septic conditions and explored the mechanism behind Dio3 reactivation.

Assessment of oil vertical diffusion in waters following an oil spill incident in an urban inland waterway.

Accidental oil spills can have a serious impact on water bodies. While most current studies have focused on waves, few have examined water flows, which represent the most common hydrodynamic environment in urban inland waterways. In this study, 12 hydrodynamic conditions were constructed, and the oil vertical diffusion characteristics under hydrodynamic conditions were investigated by measuring oil concentration and oil droplet size distribution at different depths.

A preprocessing toolbox for 2-photon subcellular calcium imaging.

Recording the spiking activity from subcellular compartments of neurons such as axons and dendrites during behavior with 2-photon calcium imaging is increasingly common yet remains challenging due to low signal-to-noise, inaccurate region-of-interest (ROI) identification, movement artifacts, and difficulty in grouping ROIs from the same neuron. To address these issues, we present a computationally efficient pre-processing pipeline for subcellular signal detection, movement artifact identification, and ROI grouping. For subcellular signal detection, we capture the frequency profile of calcium transient dynamics by applying Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) on smoothed time-series calcium traces collected from axon ROIs.

IRAK2 overexpression restrains prostate cancer progression by regulation of TRAF6 ubiquitination.

Prostate cancer is recognized as one of the most common tumors among men worldwide, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying its progression remain to be fully understood. In this study, we explored the role of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 2 (IRAK2) in the progression of prostate cancer. We discovered that IRAK2 expression is downregulated in prostate cancer tissues and cells.

[Inhibition of type 3 deiodinase expression can improve mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle of sepsis by up-regulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α].

Objective: To investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of targeted inhibition of type 3 deiodinase (Dio3) on skeletal muscle mitochondria in sepsis.

Methods: (1) In vivo experiments: adeno-associated virus (AAV) was employed to specifically target Dio3 expression in the anterior tibial muscle of rats, and a septic rat model was generated using cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into shNC+Sham group, shD3+Sham group, shNC+CLP group, and shD3+CLP group by random number table method, with 8 rats in each group.

A high-density 1,024-channel probe for brain-wide recordings in non-human primates.

Large-scale neural population recordings with single-cell resolution across the primate brain remain challenging. Here we introduce the Neuroscroll probe that isolates single neuronal activities simultaneously from 1,024 densely spaced channels that are flexibly distributed across the shank of the probe. The Neuroscroll probe length is easily tunable for individual probes from 10 mm to 90 mm, covering the brain size of non-human primates and humans, and the probes remain intact and functional after repeated bending deformations.

IRAK-M Plays A Role in the Pathology of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Through Suppressing the Activation of Microglia.

Microglial activation plays a crucial role in the disease progression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Interleukin receptor-associated kinases-M (IRAK-M) is an important negative regulatory factor in the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway during microglia activation, and its mechanism in this process is still unclear. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the dynamic changes of IRAK-M and its protective effects for motor neurons in SOD1-G93A mouse model of ALS.

Shape-changing electrode array for minimally invasive large-scale intracranial brain activity mapping.

Large-scale brain activity mapping is important for understanding the neural basis of behaviour. Electrocorticograms (ECoGs) have high spatiotemporal resolution, bandwidth, and signal quality. However, the invasiveness and surgical risks of electrode array implantation limit its application scope.

Automated machine learning for early prediction of acute kidney injury in acute pancreatitis.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) represents a frequent and grave complication associated with acute pancreatitis (AP), substantially elevating both mortality rates and the financial burden of hospitalization. The aim of our study is to construct a predictive model utilizing automated machine learning (AutoML) algorithms for the early prediction of AKI in patients with AP.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients who were diagnosed with AP in our hospital from January 2017 to December 2021.

Metal-polyphenol "prison" attenuated bacterial outer membrane vesicle for chemodynamics promoted in situ tumor vaccines.

As natural adjuvants, the bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMV) hold great potential in cancer vaccines. However, the inherent immunotoxicity of OMV and the rarity of tumor-specific antigens seriously hamper the clinical translation of OMV-based cancer vaccines. Herein, metal-phenolic networks (MPNs) are used to attenuate the toxicity of OMV, meanwhile, provide tumor antigens via the chemodynamic effect induced immunogenic cell death (ICD).

Application Value of the Automated Machine Learning Model Based on Modified Computed Tomography Severity Index Combined With Serological Indicators in the Early Prediction of Severe Acute Pancreatitis.

Background And Aims: Machine learning (ML) algorithms are widely applied in building models of medicine due to their powerful studying and generalizing ability. To assess the value of the Modified Computed Tomography Severity Index (MCTSI) combined with serological indicators for early prediction of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) by automated ML (AutoML).

Patients And Methods: The clinical data, of the patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) hospitalized in Hospital 1 and hospital 2 from January 2017 to December 2021, were retrospectively analyzed.

Treatment of inflammatory bowel disease: Potential effect of NMN on intestinal barrier and gut microbiota.

Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) exerts physiological effects in mammals through its conversion to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). In this study, we established experimental models of colitis by mixing drinking water of C57BL/6J mice with dextran sodium sulphate (DSS), and then fed them with the same concentration of NMN or at the same time. After NMN treatment, we observed improved morphology of inflamed intestines, slightly restored length of colon, improved barrier function and reduced proinflammatory factors expression in serum.