Optimization of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) extraction from human cadavers: Advancing forensic pathology and postmortem analysis.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a clear, colourless fluid found in the brain and spinal cord, playing a critical role in forensic pathology. However, peripheral blood is generally prioritized during autopsies, in certain circumstances, such as extensive injury or exsanguination, the blood collection is impossible. In this scenario, CSF becomes invaluable body fluid due to its stability and protected location within the skull and spinal canal and relatively unaffected in the early post-mortem phase.

Machine learning-guided Orbitrap-HRAMS-based metabolomic fingerprinting for geographical origin, variety and tissue specific authentication, and adulteration detection of turmeric and ashwagandha.

The increasing global demand for herbs and spices in food and nutraceutical industries highlights their key functional benefits, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Ensuring authenticity and traceability is essential to counteract challenges such as geographical origin (GO) mislabelling and tissue- or variety-specific adulteration, which can undermine product quality and safety. This study employs LC-Orbitrap-MS-based untargeted metabolomics coupled with machine learning to authenticate the GO, variety, and tissue specificity of turmeric (Curcuma longa) and ashwagandha (Withania somnifera), two widely used food ingredients.

Gaseous exchange-dependent in vitro culture extensively alters plant growth and metabolic landscape revealed by comprehensive metabolomics.

A complex interplay of environmental factors profoundly influences plant cellular metabolism, with gaseous exchange serving as a fundamental physiological process critical to growth and survival. While well-characterized in natural environments, the role of gaseous exchange in plant in-vitro culture remains underexplored. Plant in-vitro culture offers a versatile platform for studying metabolism, where metabolic networks are highly flexible and sensitive to environmental factors.

Interstitial Capillary Congestion and Diffuse Alveolar Damage: Incidental or Factual Findings in the Lungs of Autopsy Cases Positive for Coronavirus Disease-19.

Background: Interstitial capillary congestion and diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) were frequently observed in patients who died from Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). The research question pertains to observing these findings in COVID-19-positive patients lacking pulmonary symptoms. The histological examination of lung samples from COVID-19-positive patients who do not succumb to COVID-19-related pulmonary complications can provide an answer.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of road safety measures and their impact on the pattern and distribution of extracranial and intracranial hemorrhages in fatal head injury cases in Uttar Pradesh, India.

Introduction: In Uttar Pradesh, India, there are many fatal head injuries as a result of road traffic accidents (RTAs). Studying the pattern and distribution of intracranial hemorrhages, a frequent complication of severe head trauma might provide vital information on the efficacy of traffic safety regulations. To improve road safety tactics and lower fatal head injuries in Uttar Pradesh, this study intends to assess the effect of road safety measures on the frequency and distribution of intracranial hemorrhages in fatal head injury patients.

Rapid metabolic fingerprinting meets machine learning models to identify authenticity and detect adulteration of essential oils with vegetable oils: Mentha and Ocimum study.

Essential oils (EOs) are gaining popularity due to their potent antibacterial properties, as well as their applications in food preservation and flavor enhancement, offering growth opportunities for the food industry. However, their widespread use as food preservatives is limited by authenticity challenges, primarily stemming from adulteration with cheaper oils. This study investigated a rapid, cost-effective, and non-destructive method for assessing the authenticity of widely used Mentha and Ocimum EOs.

Comparison of Demirjian and Cameriere methods and development of modified Cameriere and Demirjian formula more efficient for North Indian population.

Introduction: Accurate age estimation is of utmost importance in several branches of life, be it disaster victim identification (DVI), sports, fashion, education, and many more. Several studies/formulas have been proposed over the years from various parts of the world and amongst them, Cameriere's method of age estimation is now being accepted globally, and the related work is still one of the most thought about.

Aim: The aim of this study was to access the relationship between dental age (DA) and chronological age using Cameriere and Demirjian age estimation method in the north Indian population and develop a population-specific regression formula and validate it in the north Indian population.

Reflected near-infrared photography: Digging deeper into post-mortem examination.

Aim: This research aims to investigate the utility of the Near Infra-Red (NIR) photographic technique in visualizing forensic evidence in a post-mortem examination.

Material And Methods: A total of twenty-six deceased (male: n = 15; female: n = 11) were brought to the Mortuary of King George's Medical University, Chowk, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India (226003), and were used to investigate the applicability of the human visible spectrum (HVS) & near-infrared photography. In the investigation, a modified Nikon D5300 crop-framed digital single-lens reflex camera was used for NIR Photography in combination with a Micro-Nikkor 105 mm, f/2.

Treatment of textile industry wastewater by using high-performance forward osmosis membrane tailored with alpha-manganese dioxide nanoparticles for fertigation.

Forward osmosis (FO) technology has been acknowledged as an energy-efficient cutting-edge water treatment innovation; however, the inefficient performance of polymer-based membranes remains a tailback in the practical utilization of FO. A significant issue in FO is membrane fouling, which negatively influences the flux efficiency, working expenses and membrane life expectancy. Membranes having high water flux and minimum reverse solute flux at low operating pressures are the ideal membranes for this process.

Fabrication and characterization of high-performance forward-osmosis membrane by introducing manganese oxide incited graphene quantum dots.

Forward osmosis (FO) is the futuristic membrane desalination technology as it transcends the disadvantages of other pressure-driven techniques. But, there still remain critical challenges like fabrication of highly permeable membrane with ideal structures maintaining high rejection rates that need to be addressed for implementation as a practical technology. In this work, novel thin-film composite (TFC) membranes were fabricated by means of incorporating manganese oxide (MnO) incited graphene quantum dots (GQDs) nanocomposite into a cellulose acetate (CA) suspension followed by phase inversion (PI) for enhanced FO performance.

Metals toxicity and its correlation with the gene expression in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease is a common neurodegenerative disease in the elderly population and a leading cause of dementia. Genetics and environmental risk factors were considered to play a major role in the onset of the disease. This study aimed to examine the correlation between different metals levels and the gene expression in Alzheimer's patients with age-matched control subjects.

Sialic acid associated with oxidative stress and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) expression level as a predictive indicator in moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Several studies have shown many risk factors associated with disease onset, but the sialic acid association with oxidative stress biomarkers may a key factor in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We aim to find out the most specific biomarker from the peripheral blood samples in moderate to severe Alzheimer's patients.

Methods: This study examined the level of sialic acid associated with oxidative stress biomarkers and total antioxidant capacity level (TAC) in the plasma samples.

Modeling and optimization of fixed mode dual effect (photocatalysis and photo-Fenton) assisted Metronidazole degradation using ANN coupled with genetic algorithm.

The study presents the novel concept of application of fixed bed-batch mode in-situ dual effect of degradation of photo-Fenton and photocatalysis using composite material composed of fuller's earth and foundry sand for the removal of antibiotic Metronidazole. The composite material was involved in the subsequent leaching of iron prompting to in-situ photo-Fenton reactions while TiO layer immobilized upon the support involved in photocatalysis. Dual process facilitated the significant reduction in treatment time as 80% of the compound degraded with 30 min of the reaction.

A study of unnatural female death profile in Lucknow, India.

Epidemiological and medicolegal, including forensic pathological, aspects of 456 cases of unnatural deaths of females aged 16 to 30 years were studied in Lucknow during the period of 1 year (May 2, 2011 to May 1, 2012). These constituted 62.5% of the total unnatural deaths autopsied from all ages in females.