Efficacy of anti-RSV vaccination in preventing respiratory syncytial virus disease and severe illness in older adults: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

Purpose: Several vaccines against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are being developed. The objective of this systematic review is to determine the efficacy of these vaccines in preventing RSV disease in adults over 60 years of age, especially regarding severe illness.

Methods: We researched MEDLINE, CENTRAL, Scopus, medRxiv, bioRxiv and ClinicalTrials.

Skinfolds compressibility and digital caliper's time response in skinfold measurement in male and female young adults.

Background: The skinfold caliper reading of the skinfold thickness depends on its dynamic compressibility. This has led to the fact that, while it is indicated that skinfold readings should be taken when the reading is stable, there is no consensus on at what second the reading should be taken after the application of the skinfold caliper. The new Lipowise PRO digital skinfold caliper was used to analyze the evolution of skinfold readings under skinfold caliper pressure.

Effect of Motor Competence and Health-Related Fitness in the Prevention of Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors.

: In the last decades we have seen an increase in sedentary behaviors and a decrease in physical activity in children when compared to past generations. This lifestyle is commonly associated with the development of clustering risk factors that define metabolic syndrome (MetS). Knowing that motor competence (MC) development can influence lifelong physical activity habits, it is reasonable to assume that children's MC will directly link to clustered cardiometabolic health outcomes.

Differences between Four Skinfold Calipers in the Assessment of Adipose Tissue in Young Adult Healthy Population.

Background: The aim of this study was to analyze the validity of four different skinfold calipers, as well as to establish the differences between them in a healthy young adult population. Methods: The present study followed a cross-sectional design, including 138 participants, with 69 males (21.46 ± 2.

Embracing the Nutritional Assessment in Cerebral Palsy: A Toolkit for Healthcare Professionals for Daily Practice.

Background: Nutritional status assessment (NSA) can be challenging in children with cerebral palsy (CP). There are high omission rates in national surveillance reports of weight and height information. Alternative methods are used to assess nutritional status that may be unknown to the healthcare professionals (HCP) who report these children.

Effects of the Ketogenic Diet in the Treatment of Gliomas: A Systematic Review.

The ketogenic diet (KD) is a restrictive therapeutic diet, distinguished by being hyperlipidic, normoproteic, and hypoglucidic. This diet simulates biochemical changes related to fasting periods to achieve systemic ketosis. The metabolic particularities of glioma tumors motivated the rise in investigations and nutritional strategies, such as KD, to modulate the glycemic response as a treatment.

Dietary Acid Load and Relationship with Albuminuria and Glomerular Filtration Rate in Individuals with Chronic Kidney Disease at Predialysis State.

The Western diet, characterized by excessive consumption of animal protein and reduced intake of vegetables and fruits, is also rich in sulfur, chlorine, and organic acids, which are the main sources of dietary acid load. A relationship between dietary acid load, renal function, and progression of chronic kidney disease has been demonstrated. Dietary modifications seem to contribute to a reduction in dietary acid load, and are associated with improved outcomes in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Phenolic Bioactives as Antiplatelet Aggregation Factors: The Pivotal Ingredients in Maintaining Cardiovascular Health.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are one of the main causes of mortality in the world. The development of these diseases has a specific factor-alteration in blood platelet activation. It has been shown that phenolic compounds have antiplatelet aggregation abilities and a positive impact in the management of CVD, exerting prominent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, cardioprotective, antihyperglycemic, and antimicrobial effects.

A Pharmacological Perspective on Plant-derived Bioactive Molecules for Epilepsy.

Epilepsy is a related chronic neurological condition of a predisposition for recurrent epileptic seizures, with various manifestations and causes. Although there are antiepileptic drugs, complementary natural therapies are widely used. The purpose of this systematic review was to analyze the antiepileptic/anticonvulsant pharmacological properties of plant-food derived bioactive molecules.

Development of RisObIn.Com, a Screening Tool for Risk of Childhood Obesity in the Community.

The prevalence of childhood overweight has increased considerably in the past three decades and there is evidence that childhood obesity can persist into adulthood. A simple tool to identify relevant risk factors may alert families and prevent overweight and obesity. This study aims to develop a pre-school screening tool to assess the risk of childhood obesity.

Evolution of Resting Energy Expenditure, Respiratory Quotient, and Adiposity in Infants Recovering from Corrective Surgery of Major Congenital Gastrointestinal Tract Anomalies: A Cohort Study.

This cohort study describes the evolution of resting energy expenditure (REE), respiratory quotient (RQ), and adiposity in infants recovering from corrective surgery of major congenital gastrointestinal tract anomalies. Energy and macronutrient intakes were assessed. The REE and RQ were assessed by indirect calorimetry, and fat mass index (FMI) was assessed by air displacement plethysmography.

Bilateral Isolated Phrenic Neuropathy: a Rare Cause of Dyspnoea.

Unlabelled: Bilateral diaphragm paralysis due to bilateral isolated phrenic neuropathy (BIPN) is a very rare cause of unexplained respiratory failure. We present a 65-year-old patient with no relevant previous medical history who presented in the Pulmonology Clinic with mMRC1 dyspnoea and orthopnoea. After the medical work-up, diaphragmatic paresis was diagnosed.

Impact of Natural Compounds on Neurodegenerative Disorders: From Preclinical to Pharmacotherapeutics.

Among the major neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs), Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), are a huge socioeconomic burden. Over many centuries, people have sought a cure for NDDs from the natural herbals. Many medicinal plants and their secondary metabolites are reported with the ability to alleviate the symptoms of NDDs.

Cardiovascular risk in HIV-infected individuals: A comparison of three risk prediction algorithms.

Introduction: Cardiovascular (CV) risk is known to be increased in HIV-infected individuals. Our aim was to assess CV risk in HIV-infected adults.

Methods: CV risk was estimated for each patient using three different risk algorithms: SCORE, the Framingham risk score (FRS), and DAD.

Adherence to Mediterranean diet in HIV infected patients: Relation with nutritional status and cardiovascular risk.

Background & Aims: The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has been associated to a lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and a lower cardiovascular risk (CVR). Our aim was to assess HIV infected individual's adherence to the MedDiet and its relationship with nutritional status and CVR.

Methods: Clinical and anthropometric data were collected and a nutritional assessment was performed.

Nutritional status and quality of life in HIV-infected patients.

Introduction: Nutritional status and the progression of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are interlinked; though some studies have looked at the impact nutritional status has on quality of life (QoL) in patients with chronic diseases, few have studied this in HIV-infected individuals.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between nutritional status and QoL in adults with a recent HIV diagnosis.

Methods: Individuals with an HIV diagnosis performed in the fourteen months prior to a medical visit to one of Lisbon's central hospitals were eligible.

Mediterranean diet: the impact on cardiovascular risk and metabolic syndrome in HIV patients, in Lisbon, Portugal.

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is common in HIV-infected individuals and it is associated with higher cardiovascular risk (CVR). Mediterranean diet has been associated with a better metabolic control and lower CVR.

Materials And Methods: From December 2013 to May 2014, individuals between 18 and 65 years of age, who attended the outpatient HIV Clinic at the University Hospital Santa Maria, Lisbon, were selected.

The adjusted effect of maternal body mass index, energy and macronutrient intakes during pregnancy, and gestational weight gain on body composition of full-term neonates.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), energy and macronutrient intakes during pregnancy, and gestational weight gain (GWG) on the body composition of full-term appropriate-for-gestational age neonates.

Study Design: This is a cross-sectional study of a systematically recruited convenience sample of mother-infant pairs. Food intake during pregnancy was assessed by food frequency questionnaire and its nutritional value by the Food Processor Plus (ESHA Research Inc, Salem, OR).

Nutritional status influences generic and disease-specific quality of life measures in haemodialysis patients.

Background: Poor nutritional status and worse healthrelated quality of life (QoL) have been reported in haemodialysis (HD) patients. The utilization of generic and disease specific QoL questionnaires in the same population may provide a better understanding of the significance of nutrition in QoL dimensions.

Objective: To assess nutritional status by easy to use parameters and to evaluate the potential relationship with QoL measured by generic and disease specific questionnaires.

[Reference values for bone strength assessed by quantitative ultrasound early after birth in term and preterm neonates].

Aim: To obtain reference values for bone strength assessed early after birth for term and preterm neonates in Portugal.

Methods: Speed of sound (SOS) (m/s) was measured using the quantitative ultrasound method in a systematic sample of appropriate-for-gestationalage term and preterm neonates, within the first two and five days after birth, respectively. Homogeneity of values between genders and between gestational age groups was assessed.

Effect of a sardine supplement on C-reactive protein in patients receiving hemodialysis.

Objective: The study evaluated the effect of a canned sardine supplement in C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients on hemodialysis (HD) and the compliance and adherence to this supplement.

Design: This was a quasi-experimental study: Participants with a serum CRP of 5 mg/dL or less volunteered to consume a sardine supplement or were maintained on the usual cheese/ham sandwich supplement.

Setting: The study took place in two outpatient dialysis units in Lisbon, Portugal.