Malignant Teratoid Medulloepithelioma with Rhabdomyosarcomatous Differentiation.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to identify and report the clinicopathologic features of two cases of intraocular malignant teratoid medulloepitheliomas with rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation.

Case Presentations: The clinical and pathologic findings in 2 patients who underwent enucleation for intraocular tumors were reviewed. The eyes were sectioned routinely, and immunohistochemical stains were performed to evaluate the intraocular tumors.

Pharmacological interventions for smoking cessation in Type 2 diabetes: A systematic review with meta-analysis and GRADE evaluation.

Aims: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmacological therapies for smoking cessation in individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) through a systematic review, meta-analysis, and GRADE evaluation.

Methods: PubMed and Scopus were searched on 7 June 2024 using relevant keywords. Randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies involving adult smokers with T2DM receiving pharmacological treatments for smoking cessation were included.

Host immune response to respiratory syncytial virus infection and its contribution to protection and susceptibility in adults: a systematic literature review.

Introduction: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important pathogen in infants, children, older adults, and those with comorbidities. Mechanisms involving viral proteins appear to underlie the ability of RSV to evade and modulate host immunity. We aimed to understand virus- and host-dependent factors regulating the development and severity of RSV infection, as related to the prevention and treatment of RSV-associated disease in adults, through a systematic literature review (SLR).

The Efficacy of Pediatric-Inspired Regimens vs. Hyper-CVAD in the Treatment of Adolescents and Young Adults With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoblastic lymphoma (ALL/LBL) have poorer outcomes than pediatric patients. The aim of this systematic literature review and meta-analysis was to compare asparaginase (ASP)-containing pediatric-inspired regimens (PIRs) with hyper-fractionated cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone (hyper-CVAD) in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with ALL/LBL. Searches included relevant publications up to April 21, 2022.

Assessment of Baseline Ultrawidefield Fluorescein Angiographic Quantitative Leakage Parameters with Ultrawidefield Fundus Features and Clinical Parameters in Diabetic Retinopathy in Protocol AA.

Purpose: Evaluate quantitative leakage parameters on ultrawidefield fluorescein angiography (UWF-FA) images and explore their association with Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Scale (DRSS), predominantly peripheral lesions (PPLs), visual acuity, and clinical characteristics.

Design: A post hoc analysis of baseline UWF-FA images in the DRCR Retina Network observational study Protocol AA.

Participants: A total of 575 eyes from 384 adults across 38 sites in the United States and Canada with gradable UWF-FA.

Ecotoxicology Evaluation of a Fenton-Type Process Catalyzed with Lamellar Structures Impregnated with Fe or Cu for the Removal of Amoxicillin and Glyphosate.

Antibiotics and pesticides, as well as various emerging contaminants that are present in surface waters, raise significant environmental concerns. Advanced oxidation processes, which are employed to eliminate these substances, have demonstrated remarkable effectiveness. However, during the degradation process, by-products that are not completely mineralized are generated, posing a substantial risk to aquatic ecosystem organisms; therefore, it is crucial to assess effluent ecotoxicity following treatment.

Pediatric to adult primary care transition for medically complex youth: A tale of learning from challenges experienced implementing a pilot project during COVID-19.

Purpose: The aim of our article is to describe our learning based on challenges encountered implementing two related pediatric to adult primary care transition pilots for medically complex adolescents and young adults as part of the Children with Medical Complexity Collaborative for Improvement and Innovation Network.

Design: We undertook two sequential pilot projects. The first focused on supporting the transfer stage for an older group of medically complex young adults to facilitate their establishment with an adult primary care provider.

Longitudinal Quantitative Ultrawidefield Angiographic Features in Diabetic Retinopathy Treated with Aflibercept from the Intravitreal Aflibercept as Indicated by Real-Time Objective Imaging to Achieve Diabetic Retinopathy Improvement Trial.

Objective: To report longitudinal trends of quantitative ultrawidefield fluorescein angiography (qUWFA) biomarkers in the Intravitreal Aflibercept as Indicated by Real-Time Objective Imaging to Achieve Diabetic Retinopathy Improvement (PRIME) diabetic retinopathy (DR) clinical trial.

Design: Post hoc analysis of the PRIME prospective randomized DR clinical trial comparing intravitreal aflibercept treatment based on the DR severity score (DRSS) or quantitative leakage index for DR improvement (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03531294).

Evaluation of the change in efficacy of erenumab when used long-term for migraine prevention after initial established benefit in a veteran population.

Introduction: With the increased use of erenumab and other calcitonin gene-related peptide antagonists for migraine prevention, increased evidence on long-term efficacy and real-world effectiveness is needed. Some reports of a wearing-off effect or waning efficacy over time have been observed with erenumab use.

Objective: This study evaluated the change in efficacy of erenumab after initial established benefits for migraine prevention in a veteran population.

Clinical, humanistic and economic outcomes, including experiencing of patient safety events, associated with admitting patients to single rooms compared with shared accommodation for acute hospital admissions: a systematic review and narrative synthesis.

Objectives: Assess the impact of single rooms versus multioccupancy accommodation on inpatient healthcare outcomes and processes.

Design: Systematic review and narrative synthesis.

Data Sources: Medline, Embase, Google Scholar and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence website up to 17 February 2022.

Minimally Invasive Treatments for Benign Prostatic Obstruction: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.

Context: Minimally invasive surgical therapies for male lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic obstruction were developed to be safer and more tolerable than standard ablative techniques. These treatments have not been compared with each other in a randomised fashion, and for some treatments, there are no trials against a reference technique.

Objective: To compare the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of water vapour thermal therapy (WVTT), prostatic urethral lift (PUL), prostatic arterial embolisation (PAE), temporary implantable nitinol device (iTIND), transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT), and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).

A systematic literature review of the clinical signs and symptoms of veno-occlusive disease/sinusoidal obstruction syndrome after haematopoietic cell transplantation in adults and children.

Veno-occlusive disease/sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (VOD/SOS) is a rare, serious complication following haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). This systematic literature review evaluated differences in clinical manifestations of VOD/SOS post-HCT in adults and children. Medline and Embase were searched up to 4 March 2021 for reports of VOD/SOS post-HCT; VOD/SOS diagnostic guidelines were included.

Longitudinal Quantitative Ultrawide-field Fluorescein Angiography Dynamics in the RUBY Diabetic Macular Edema Study.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the longitudinal change in quantitative ultrawide-field angiographic (UWFA) parameters and correlate them with functional outcomes and spectral domain-OCT metrics.

Design: This study is a post hoc analysis of the phase II RUBY study: a prospective, randomized trial of patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) treated with either intravitreal aflibercept injection (IAI) or combined IAI/nesvacumab (antiangiopoietin 2 mAb).

Subjects: Subjects with DME that underwent UWFA across all treatment groups (n = 44).

The Efficacy and Safety of Laser and Electrosurgical Transurethral Procedures for the Treatment of BPO in High-Risk Patients: A Systematic Review.

Objective: To compare efficacy and safety outcomes of GreenLight, Holmium and Thulium laser  techniques with standard monopolar and bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in high-risk patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) secondary to benign prostatic obstruction (BPO).

Methods: We conducted a systematic literature review of studies in patients undergoing BPO surgeries who may be considered high-risk for standard TURP, with higher risk defined as follows: large prostates (≥80 mL) and/or taking antithrombotic agents and/or urinary retention and/or age >80 years and/or significant comorbidity.  Outcomes summarised included bleeding complications, re-intervention rates, hospital length of stay, and standard measures of disease and symptom severity for all available timepoints.

Health Equity for Children and Youth With Special Health Care Needs: A Vision for the Future.

Health equity is a key pillar in supporting a future in which CYSHCN enjoy a full life and thrive, as envisioned by experts and community partners who gathered in 2019 and 2020 to develop the Blueprint for Change: Guiding Principles for a System of Services for Children and Youth With Special Health Care Needs and Their Families. However, a variety of contextual factors impact health outcomes across the life course and intergenerationally and must be addressed to achieve this goal. For example, poverty and discrimination, including by some health care professionals and systems, are important, modifiable root causes of poor health outcomes.

Corneal epithelial defects following vitreoretinal surgery: incidence and outcomes from the DISCOVER study.

Aim: To investigate the incidence, risk factors, clinical course, and outcomes of corneal epithelial defects (CED) following vitreoretinal surgery in a prospective study setting.

Methods: This was a post-hoc analysis of all participants in DISCOVER intraoperative optical coherence tomography study. Subjects with CED 1d after surgery without intraoperative corneal debridement was defined as the postoperative CED group.

Smooth Triaxial Weaving with Naturally Curved Ribbons.

Triaxial weaving is a handicraft technique that has long been used to create curved structures using initially straight and flat ribbons. Weavers typically introduce discrete topological defects to produce nonzero Gaussian curvature, albeit with faceted surfaces. We demonstrate that, by tuning the in-plane curvature of the ribbons, the integrated Gaussian curvature of the weave can be varied continuously, which is not feasible using traditional techniques.

"All circuits ended": Family experiences of transitioning from pediatric to adult healthcare for young adults with medical complexity in Oregon.

Background: Transition to adult health care for young adults with medical complexity (YAMC) is challenging and much work needs to be done in this area. The Oregon Center for Children and Youth with Special Health Needs participates in a federally-funded Collaborative Improvement and Innovation Network (CoIIN) to improve the quality of care for children with medical complexity.

Aims: This study aimed to explore the experiences of Oregon families of YAMC who had recently transitioned to adult health care providers, and obtain recommendations for transition from family members, to inform the development of the CoIIN quality improvement project.

Exploring the angiographic-biologic phenotype in the IMAGINE study: quantitative UWFA and cytokine expression.

Background: This study investigates the association of intraocular cytokine expression and ultrawide-field fluorescein angiography (UWFA) quantitative imaging biomarkers and their association with angiographical feature response after antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy in diabetic macular oedema (DME).

Methods: The IMAGINE DME study is a post hoc imaging biomarker and intraocular cytokine assessment from the DAVE study, a prospective DME clinical trial that included aqueous humour sampling and UWFA imaging. Fifty-four cytokines associated with inflammation and angiogenesis were evaluated through multiplex arrays.

Reasons for discontinuing oral anticoagulation therapy for atrial fibrillation: a systematic review.

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia and can lead to significant comorbidities and mortality. Persistence with oral anticoagulation (OAC) is crucial to prevent stroke but rates of discontinuation are high. This systematic review explored underlying reasons for OAC discontinuation.

Longitudinal assessment of quantitative ultra-widefield ischaemic and vascular parameters in sickle cell retinopathy.

Purpose: To evaluate longitudinal quantitative ischaemic and vasculature parameters, including ischaemic index, vessel area, length and geodesic distance in sickle cell retinopathy (SCR) on ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography (UWFA).

Methods: Optimal UWFA images from two longitudinal timepoints of 74 eyes from 45 patients with SCR were aligned and a common region of interest was determined. A deep-learning augmented ischaemia and vascular segmentation platform was used for feature extraction.

Plasma Neurofilament Light as a Biomarker of Neurological Involvement in Wilson's Disease.

Background: Outcomes are unpredictable for neurological presentations of Wilson's disease (WD). Dosing regimens for chelation therapy vary and monitoring depends on copper indices, which do not reflect end-organ damage.

Objective: To identify a biomarker for neurological involvement in WD.

A Profile of Care Coordination, Missed School Days, and Unmet Needs Among Oregon Children with Special Health Care Needs with Behavioral and Mental Health Conditions.

To inform Oregon's Title V needs assessment activities, we aimed to (1) characterize the state's subpopulation of children with special health care needs (CSHCN) with behavioral and mental health conditions (B/MHC) and (2) determine associations of care coordination with missed school days and unmet needs for this subpopulation. We analyzed 2009-2010 National Survey of Children with Special Health Care Needs data on 736 Oregon CSHCN < 18 years, including 418 CSHCN with B/MHC. Among Oregon CSHCN with B/MHC: 48.

Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents in elderly patients with anemia: response and cardiovascular outcomes.

A specific cause of anemia cannot be identified in many elderly patients. Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) may play a role in treating these patients with anemia of unknown etiology (AUE). This study examines hemoglobin and cardiovascular outcomes among elderly anemic patients treated with ESAs.