Audio and linguistic prediction of objective and subjective cognition in older adults: what is the role of different prompts?

Background: Psycho-linguistic and audio data derived from speech may be useful in screening and monitoring cognitive aging. However, there are gaps in understanding the predictive value of different prompts (e.g.

Effects of Optimal Tai Chi forms in alleviating knee pain among Hispanic people with knee osteoarthritis: A case series.

Background: Despite the similar knee osteoarthritis (KOA) prevalence among races and ethnicities, Hispanic patients with KOA are 30%-40 % less likely to receive treatments compared with their White counterparts. Tai Chi (TC) could be an accessible and affordable intervention for Hispanic individuals with KOA. This case series explored the effect of four optimal TC forms (OTC) on reducing KOA pain in Hispanic individuals.

Performance of the Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medication, and Other Substance Use (TAPS) Tool in Screening Older Adults for Unhealthy Substance Use.

Objective: This analysis evaluated the validation results of the Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medication, and Other Substance Use (TAPS) tool for older adults.

Methods: We performed a subgroup analysis of older adults aged ≥65 (n = 184) from the TAPS tool validation study conducted in 5 primary care clinics. We compared the interviewer and self-administered versions of the TAPS tool at a cutoff of ≥1 for identifying problem use with a reference standard measure, the modified World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview.

Older Adults' Use of Cannabis and Attitudes Around Disclosing Medical Cannabis Use to Their Healthcare Providers in California: A Mixed Methods Study.

Background: The rapidly changing policy climate related to cannabis legalization has led to drastic changes in cannabis use in the United States (US). Medical cannabis use is increasing overall, but at a faster rate among older adults compared to other age groups.

Objective: The aim was to investigate older adults' cannabis use behaviors and attitudes around disclosing medical cannabis use to their primary healthcare providers (HCPs).

Development of loneliness and social isolation after spousal loss: A systematic review of longitudinal studies on widowhood.

Background: Spousal loss is a stressful life event that is associated with loneliness and social isolation, both of which affect mental and physical health. The primary objective of this paper was to synthesize longitudinal studies that investigated loneliness and social isolation in widowhood.

Methods: A systematic search of the literature was conducted using three electronic databases.

Screen or No Screen? Lessons Learnt from a Real-World Deployment Study of Using Voice Assistants With and Without Touchscreen for Older Adults.

While voice user interfaces offer increased accessibility due to hands-free and eyes-free interactions, older adults often have challenges such as constructing structured requests and perceiving how such devices operate. Voice-first user interfaces have the potential to address these challenges by enabling multimodal interactions. Standalone voice + touchscreen Voice Assistants (VAs), such as Echo Show, are specific types of devices that adopt such interfaces and are gaining popularity.

Optimal Tai Chi forms in knee osteoarthritis: An exploration from biomechanical rationale to pain reduction.

Objectives: Tai Chi (TC) shows some beneficial effects in reducing pain in knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, the selection of criteria TC forms in previous studies were unclear and inconsistent, possibly accounting for the varying outcomes and rendering the training effects suboptimal. We have selected four optimal TC (OTC) forms based on the knee joint load and its association with pain.

Experiences of Aging with Opioid Use Disorder and Comorbidity in Opioid Treatment Programs: A Qualitative Analysis.

Background: The number of older adults entering opioid treatment programs (OTPs) to treat opioid use disorder (OUD) is increasing. However, the lived experiences of aging in OTPs have not been examined.

Objective: To explore the aging experience with OUD and barriers to medical care for older adults who receive care in OTPs.

Trends in past-month cannabis use among US adults across a range of disabilities and health conditions, 2015-2019.

Introduction: While there is increasing interest in the use of cannabis to manage a range of health-related symptoms, little is known about trends in recent cannabis use with respect to various health conditions.

Methods: We examined data from a US representative sample of noninstitutionalized adults age ≥ 18 from the 2015-2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (N = 214,505). We estimated the pooled prevalences followed by linear time trends, overall, and by disability (i.

Ascertaining Whether an Intelligent Voice Assistant Can Meet Older Adults' Health-Related Needs in the Context of a Geriatrics 5Ms Framework.

Unlabelled: The Geriatrics 5Ms: Medications, Mind, Mobility, what Matters most and Multicomplexity is a framework to address the complex needs of older adults. Intelligent Voice Assistants (IVAs) are increasingly popular and have potential to support health-related needs of older adults. We utilized previously collected qualitative data on older adults' views of how an IVA may address their health-related needs and ascertained their fit into the Geriatrics 5Ms framework.

Variation in Receipt of Cancer Screening and Immunizations by 10-year Life Expectancy among U.S. Adults aged 65 or Older in 2019.

Importance: The likelihood of benefit from a preventive intervention in an older adult depends on its time-to-benefit and the adult's life expectancy. For example, the time-to-benefit from cancer screening is >10 years, so adults with <10-year life expectancy are unlikely to benefit.

Objective: To examine receipt of screening for breast, prostate, or colorectal cancer and receipt of immunizations by 10-year life expectancy.

The disproportionate burden of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) in diverse older adults diagnosed with cancer.

Introduction: Older adults living with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) who are then diagnosed with cancer are an understudied population. While the role of cognitive impairment during and after cancer treatment have been well-studied, less is understood about patients who are living with ADRD and then develop cancer. The purpose of this study is to contribute evidence about our understanding of this vulnerable population.

Development and Validation of an ICU Delirium Playbook for Provider Education.

Unlabelled: Although delirium detection and prevention practices are recommended in critical care guidelines, there remains a persistent lack of effective delirium education for ICU providers. To address this knowledge-practice gap, we developed an "ICU Delirium Playbook" to educate providers on delirium detection (using the Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU) and prevention.

Design: Building on our previous ICU Delirium Video Series, our interdisciplinary team developed a corresponding quiz to form a digital "ICU Delirium Playbook.

How do Older Adults Set Up Voice Assistants? Lessons Learned from a Deployment Experience for Older Adults to Set Up Standalone Voice Assistants.

While standalone Voice Assistants (VAs) are promising to support older adults' daily routine and wellbeing management, onboarding and setting up these devices can be challenging. Although some older adults choose to seek assistance from technicians and adult children, easy set up processes that facilitate independent use are still critical, especially for those who do not have access to external resources. We aim to understand the older adults' experience while setting up commercially available voice-only and voice-first screen-based VAs.

Synergistic Strategies to Accelerate the Development of Function-Promoting Therapies: Lessons From Operation Warp Speed and Oncology Drug Development.

Background: Functional limitations and physical disabilities associated with aging and chronic disease are major concerns for human societies and expeditious development of function-promoting therapies is a public health priority.

Methods: Expert panel discussion.

Results: The remarkable success of Operation Warp Speed for the rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines, COVID-19 therapeutics, and of oncology drug development programs over the past decade have taught us that complex public health problems such as the development of function-promoting therapies will require collaboration among many stakeholders, including academic investigators, the National Institutes of Health, professional societies, patients and patient advocacy organizations, the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry, and the U.

Ultra-low-cost mechanical smartphone attachment for no-calibration blood pressure measurement.

We propose an ultra-low-cost at-home blood pressure monitor that leverages a plastic clip with a spring-loaded mechanism to enable a smartphone with a flash LED and camera to measure blood pressure. Our system, called BPClip, is based on the scientific premise of measuring oscillometry at the fingertip to measure blood pressure. To enable a smartphone to measure the pressure applied to the digital artery, a moveable pinhole projection moves closer to the camera as the user presses down on the clip with increased force.

The influences of faith on illness representations and coping procedures of mental and cognitive health among aging Arab refugees: a qualitative study.

Introduction: Refugees experience higher rates of mental illness such as depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) which are documented risk factors for dementia. Faith and spiritual practices have been shown to play a significant role in patients' understanding and coping with illness, however, this field of study among refugee populations remains lacking. This study aims to address this literature gap by examining the role of faith on mental health and cognitive health among Arab refugees resettled in Arab and Western countries.

Neuroimaging-Derived Predicted Brain Age and Alcohol Use Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Objectives: Observational studies have suggested that moderate alcohol use is associated with reduced risk of dementia. However, the nature of this association is not understood. We investigated whether light to moderate alcohol use may be associated with slower brain aging, among a cohort of older community-dwelling adults using a biomarker of brain age based on structural neuroimaging measures.

Management of inflammatory bowel diseases in older adults.

The burden of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in older adults (ie, aged over 60 years old) is increasing due to a combination of an ageing population with compounding prevalence of IBD and increasing incidence of elderly-onset (ie, onset over the age of 60 years) IBD. Despite the increasing prevalence of IBD, there is a paucity of evidence on which to base management of older adults with IBD, leading to substantial variability in care. This population is under-represented in clinical trials and has a high burden of chronic corticosteroid use, low uptake of steroid-sparing immunosuppressive agents, and high rates of unplanned health-care use and disability.