Hygiene Practices Against Dermatophytic Fungi: A Review of Strategies to Combat Antifungal Resistance.

Superficial fungal infections of the feet, such as tinea pedis and onychomycosis, are highly prevalent and frequently recurrent, often due to persistent contamination of footwear, textiles, and foot care instruments. Despite growing concern over antifungal resistance, environmental sources of reinfection remain under-recognized in clinical practice. This review critically examines historical and contemporary methods used to sanitize shoes, socks, podiatric tools, and related materials.

Comparative Effect of Conventional and Non-Conventional Over-the-Counter Treatments for Male Androgenetic Alopecia: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

The expanding literature on nutraceuticals for male androgenetic alopecia (AGA) has inadvertently created knowledge gaps on the relative efficacy of conventional and non-conventional over-the-counter (OTC) treatments. We conducted a Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA); the outcome measure was the 24-week change in total hair density (INPLASY202570087). We determined the relative efficacy of nine active comparators-including topical minoxidil 5% and 2%.

Onychomycosis in Diabetics: A Common Infection with Potentially Serious Complications.

Onychomycosis is a prevalent and clinically relevant complication among individuals with diabetes. It is associated with an elevated risk of secondary fungal and bacterial infections, foot ulceration, and, in advanced cases, amputation. Factors contributing to the increased prevalence of onychomycosis in this population include age, peripheral vascular disease, poor glycemic control, neuropathy, suboptimal foot hygiene, and nail trauma.

Artificial Intelligence and Large Language Models in the Fight Against Superficial Fungal Infections: Friend or Foe?

Superficial fungal infections can have significant physical and psychological consequences for affected patients. These painful infections have become more prevalent and the rise of antifungal resistant strains is of great concern. New tools in the fight against these infections are needed, especially in areas were appropriate dermatological care is lacking.

Understanding the evolving treatment landscape of hidradenitis suppurativa: An analysis of All of Us.

Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic skin condition with significant burden for affected patients. The development of new therapies in the last decade has brought hope for better patient outcomes, but understanding the use of these new drug classes is necessary to ensure patient access to care.

Methods: We analysed data from 2636 HS patients within NIH's All of Us research program from June 2017 and October 1, 2023 to examine the likelihood of patients receiving certain classes of drugs based on socio-demographic factors and comorbid health conditions, as well as how these drug classes impact quality of life.

A retrospective cohort study on impact of Covid-19 outbreak on out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in Telangana, India: mortality trends, contributing factors, and research imperatives.

Background: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) poses considerable issues, notably in the context of the COVID-19 outbreak. The objective of this study is to assess the differences in incidence rates and clinical outcomes of OHCA in Telangana, India, between the pre-pandemic, pandemic, and post-pandemic periods, focusing on factors that influence survival rate.

Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis was performed on patient records from a Telangana district hospital of those who presented to hospitals after OHCA from 2019 to 2021.

Comparison of blood sugar levels in the limb with open IIIC fractures and normal limb (unraveling the link).

Background: Prompt and accurate diagnosis of vascular compromise in open fractures is essential for optimising outcomes and preventing long-term complications. Current methods of physical examination and imaging techniques are time-consuming or inconclusive. In open IIIC fractures, there may be alterations in blood flow and tissue perfusion.

Sarcocystis infections in bobcats (Lynx rufus) from Minnesota, USA.

Species of Sarcocystis parasitize a wide range of vertebrate hosts, sometimes causing disease in humans and animals. Here, frozen muscles of 239 bobcats (Lynx rufus) from Minnesota were tested for Sarcocystis infections. After thawing, muscles were examined microscopically by compression preparations of unfixed muscles and histological sections of paraffin embedded tissues.

Health-Oriented Sleep States: Making Sleep States Reflect Health Conditions.

Study Objectives: The rich information in sleep offers insights into brain function and overall health. The current guidelines for sleep staging by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) rely on relatively broad categorizations. These traditional sleep stages are not optimized to reflect health status.

Management and Genetics of Alopecia Areata within the USA: A Cross-Sectional Study of All of Us.

Introduction: Alopecia areata (AA) is a difficult to treat and appearance altering disorder affecting up to 2% of people during their lifetime. Understanding current management trends will help in improving patient outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of comorbid disorders and demographic factors on the management of AA and determine the influence of previously discovered genetic factors in different ethnic groups.

Onychomycosis in special populations.

Onychomycosis, a common fungal nail infection, can present unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in special populations including the elderly, children, individuals with diabetes, immunocompromised patients, and those with compromised organ function or psoriasis. These groups face increased susceptibility due to factors such as impaired immunity, vascular insufficiency, comorbidities, and altered nail morphology. Despite its often-benign perception, untreated onychomycosis in these populations can lead to complications, including secondary infection, ulceration, and systemic spread.

A Canadian Algorithm on the Management of Telogen Effluvium.

Telogen effluvium (TE) is a form of transient hair loss in response to a triggering factor. It is a type of nonscarring alopecia, characterized by a generalized hair loss distribution with thinning of the hair and no exposed patches. It is thought to be induced by numerous stressors that cause hair follicles to suddenly switch from the growing (anagen) phase to the resting (telogen) phase.

Is the Safety of Finasteride Correlated With Its Route of Administration: Topical Versus Oral? A Pharmacovigilance Study With Data From the United States Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System.

Background: The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved oral finasteride for androgenetic alopecia. In 2022, approximately 2.6 million U.

Dosimetric comparison in various stereotactic radiosurgery modalities for trigeminal neuralgia treatment.

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is characterized by severe facial pain and is treated with medications, surgery, percutaneous procedures, and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). The Gamma Knife (GK) has historically been the gold standard for SRS in TN, with alternatives such as the CyberKnife (CK) and standard linear accelerator (LA) having recently emerged. This study compared GK, CK, and LA treatments for TN via dosimetric analysis.

Sexually Transmitted Dermatophyte Infections-A Scoping Review.

Sexually transmitted dermatophyte infections are an emerging public health concern, with increasing incidence reported across multiple countries. These infections are mainly spread through direct skin-to-skin contact during sexual activity and are more commonly found in individuals with high-risk sexual practices. The likelihood of infection is heightened by frequent pubic hair grooming or regular use of shared spaces like gyms and saunas.

Sleep Disturbances in Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objectives: Survivors of childhood cancer are at risk of sleep disturbances, an often, neglected aspect of holistic health. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of sleep disturbances in survivors of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and to identify any risk factors for the same.

Methods: Survivors of ALL aged 6-18 years, who had completed their treatment, at least two or more years ago, were enrolled.

DrugProtAI: A machine learning-driven approach for predicting protein druggability through feature engineering and robust partition-based ensemble methods.

Drug design and development are central to clinical research, yet 90% of drugs fail to reach the clinic, often due to inappropriate selection of drug targets. Conventional methods for target identification lack precision and sensitivity. While various computational tools have been developed to predict the druggability of proteins, they often focus on limited subsets of the human proteome or rely solely on amino acid properties.

Global onychomycosis management and the challenges of antifungal stewardship.

Purpose: Onychomycosis, in contrast to other routine superficial dermatophyte infections, is difficult to treat and poor outcomes are not unusual. Few guidelines for onychomycosis management have been published, and these vary considerably from region to region. To meet global antifungal stewardship (AFS) goals, there must be global management guidelines for clinicians to follow in their onychomycosis practice.

Trichophyton indotineae: Epidemiology, antifungal resistance and antifungal stewardship strategies.

There has been a recent shift in the epidemiology of superficial fungal infections (tinea, dermatophytosis, dermatomycoses). Trichophyton indotineae is an emerging dermatophyte species of significant global concern for its contagious nature and antifungal drug resistance. This scoping review includes available clinical and laboratory assessments of T.

Examining the Relationship Between Alopecia Areata and Mental Health: An Investigation of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Background: Alopecia areata (AA), an autoimmune hair loss disorder, can significantly alter a person's appearance and cause emotional distress. This disorder has been linked to anxiety and depression, but most work has been done on either one-population samples or has been conducted using heterogeneous populations, potentially skewing results.

Aims: We aim to obtain a better understanding of the relationship of AA with anxiety and depression in more finely divided populations based on sex, age, and country.

Comparative Efficacy of Minoxidil and 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors Monotherapy for Male Pattern Hair Loss: Network Meta-Analysis Study of Current Empirical Evidence.

Background: Treatment options for male androgenetic alopecia (AGA) range from pharmacologic agents-such as minoxidil, finasteride, and dutasteride-to newer procedural and experimental therapies.

Aims: We determined the relative effect of the various dosages and administrative routes of minoxidil, finasteride and dutasteride through network meta-analysis (NMA) of relevant outcome measures.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review to identify eligible studies.

The prognostic implications of CDKN2A/2B deletion in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This review aimed to evaluate the impact of cyclin-dependent kinases 2 A/2B (CDKN2A/2B) deletion on survival in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and risk ratios (RRs) with 95% CIs, which were calculated using random-effects models. Individual patient data (IPD) were extracted from published survival curves of included studies, and combined HR was estimated.

CAISR: achieving human-level performance in automated sleep analysis across all clinical sleep metrics.

Study Objectives: To develop and validate a Complete Artificial Intelligence Sleep Report system (CAISR), a system for comprehensive automated sleep analysis, including sleep staging, arousal detection, apnea identification, and limb movement analysis.

Methods: We utilized a large diverse dataset from four cohorts (MGH, MESA, MrOS, SHHS) comprising 25,749 participants to develop CAISR. Following American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) guidelines, CAISR performs four tasks: it stages sleep into five categories (Wake, NREM 1, NREM 2, NREM 3, REM), detects arousals, detects and classifies breathing events (Obstructive Apnea, Central Apnea, Mixed Apnea, Hypopnea, and RERA), and detects limb movements and categorizes them as periodic or isolated.

Oral Cryotherapy for the Prevention of Oral Mucositis in Children With Hematolymphoid Malignancies Receiving IV Methotrexate-Based Chemotherapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background And Aims: Oral mucositis (OM) is a debilitating adverse effect of many chemotherapeutic drugs. Oral cryotherapy using ice cubes/chips is used to prevent oral mucositis in adults post 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)/melphalan administration. However, its efficacy in the prevention of OM post-methotrexate-based chemotherapy has not been investigated.