Red Cell Transfusion in Acute Myocardial Infarction: AABB International Clinical Practice Guidelines.

Description: Optimal transfusion strategies for patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are uncertain. The aim of this guideline is to provide recommendations for red blood cell transfusion in patients with AMI.

Methods: These guidelines are based on evidence from randomized controlled trials of patients presenting with AMI and assigned to 2 different transfusion strategies (restrictive or liberal) based on hemoglobin concentrations or hematocrit levels before receipt of a transfusion.

SNR-efficient whole-brain pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling perfusion imaging at 7 T.

Purpose: To optimize pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (PCASL) parameters to maximize SNR efficiency for RF power constrained whole brain perfusion imaging at 7 T.

Methods: We used Bloch simulations of pulsatile laminar flow to optimize the PCASL parameters for maximum SNR efficiency, balancing labeling efficiency and total RF power. The optimization included adjusting the inter-RF pulse spacing (TR), mean B (B ), slice-selective gradient amplitude (G), and mean gradient amplitude (G).

The longevity factor spermidine is part of a highly heritable complex erythrocyte phenotype associated with longevity.

Extreme longevity in humans is known to be a heritable trait. In a well-established twin erythrocyte metabolomics and proteomics database, we identified the longevity factor spermidine and a cluster of correlated molecules with high heritability estimates. Erythrocyte spermidine is 82% heritable and significantly correlated with 59 metabolites and 22 proteins.

Simulation-based optimization and experimental comparison of intracranial T2-weighted DANTE-SPACE vessel wall imaging at 3T and 7T.

Purpose: T2-weighted DANTE-SPACE (Delay Alternating with Nutation for Tailored Excitation - Sampling Perfection with Application optimized Contrasts using different flip angle Evolution) sequences facilitate non-invasive intracranial vessel wall imaging at 7T through simultaneous suppression of blood and CSF. However, the achieved vessel wall delineation depends closely on the selected sequence parameters, and little information is available about the performance of the sequence using more widely available 3T MRI. Therefore, in this paper a comprehensive DANTE-SPACE simulation framework is used for the optimization and quantitative comparison of T2-weighted DANTE-SPACE at both 7T and 3T.

Accelerated 3D multi-channel mapping at 7 T for the brain and heart.

Purpose: To acquire accurate volumetric multi-channel maps in under 14 s whole-brain or 23 heartbeats whole-heart for parallel transmit (pTx) applications at 7 T.

Theory And Methods: We evaluate the combination of three recently proposed techniques. The acquisition of multi-channel transmit array maps is accelerated using transmit low rank (TxLR) with absolute mapping (Sandwich) acquired in a time-interleaved acquisition of modes (B1TIAMO) fashion.

Oxygen Extraction Ratios to Guide Red Blood Cell Transfusion.

Hemoglobin-based red blood cell transfusion (RBC) triggers do not clearly identify which patients with moderate anemia (hemoglobin 7-10 g/dL) will benefit from RBC transfusion. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute has recognized the need for bedside oxygenation measures to enhance transfusion decision-making. This narrative review uses four studies to explore the potential of the oxygen extraction ratio (OER)-the ratio of consumed oxygen to delivered oxygen in a critical tissue bed as a more physiologically relevant indicator for guiding RBC transfusions in patients with moderate anemia.

An extended phase graph-based framework for DANTE-SPACE simulations including physiological, temporal, and spatial variations.

Purpose: The delay alternating with nutation for tailored excitation (DANTE)-sampling perfection with application-optimized contrasts (SPACE) sequence facilitates 3D intracranial vessel wall imaging with simultaneous suppression of blood and CSF. However, the achieved image contrast depends closely on the selected sequence parameters, and the clinical use of the sequence is limited in vivo by observed signal variations in the vessel wall, CSF, and blood. This paper introduces a comprehensive DANTE-SPACE simulation framework, with the aim of providing a better understanding of the underlying contrast mechanisms and facilitating improved parameter selection and contrast optimization.

The safety of ABO minor incompatible platelets transfusions using a rapid infuser.

Background: Administering platelets through a rapid infuser is proven to be safe. However, the clinical significance of infusing ABO-incompatible platelets with red blood cells (RBCs) in a rapid infuser remains unclear. There is a theoretical risk that isoagglutinin in the plasma of a platelet unit can interact with RBCs and induce hemolysis.

Danger, Danger, Gaston Labat! Does zero-shot artificial intelligence correlate with anticoagulation guidelines recommendations for neuraxial anesthesia?

Introduction: Artificial intelligence and large language models (LLMs) have emerged as potentially disruptive technologies in healthcare. In this study GPT-3.5, an accessible LLM, was assessed for its accuracy and reliability in performing guideline-based evaluation of neuraxial bleeding risk in hypothetical patients on anticoagulation medication.

Head-and-neck multichannel B1 mapping and RF shimming of the carotid arteries using a 7T parallel-transmit head coil.

Purpose: Neurovascular MRI suffers from a rapid drop in B into the neck when using transmit head coils at 7 T. One solution to improving B magnitude in the major feeding arteries in the neck is to use custom RF shims on parallel-transmit head coils. However, calculating such shims requires robust multichannel B maps in both the head and the neck, which is challenging due to low RF penetration into the neck, limited dynamic range of multichannel B mapping techniques, and B sensitivity.

Would doctors dream of electric blood bankers? Large language model-based artificial intelligence performs well in many aspects of transfusion medicine.

Background: Large language models (LLMs) excel at answering knowledge-based questions. Many aspects of blood banking and transfusion medicine involve no direct patient care and require only knowledge and judgment. We hypothesized that public LLMs could perform such tasks with accuracy and precision.

Fundamentals of blood banking in anesthesiology: A problem-based learning simulation session as an addition to a novel curriculum of transfusion medicine education for anesthesiology residents.

We have previously published a novel transfusion medicine curriculum for first-year anesthesiology residents, making available open access learning materials. We now present a curriculum iteration, by incorporating resident feedback and developing an additional "capstone" session for use at the end of the rotation that integrates several learning points into a practical problem-based simulation. This iteration of the curriculum was piloted with the 2019-2020 PGY-1 anesthesiology residents of the University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics.

A temperature-controlled cooling system for accurate quantitative post-mortem MRI.

Purpose: To develop a temperature-controlled cooling system to facilitate accurate quantitative post-mortem MRI and enable scanning of unfixed tissue.

Methods: A water cooling system was built and integrated with a 7T scanner to minimize temperature drift during MRI scans. The system was optimized for operational convenience and rapid deployment to ensure efficient workflow, which is critical for scanning unfixed post-mortem samples.