Nurses' Self-Reported Practices and Prescribers' Expectations in Intravenous Fluid Therapy for Hospitalised Patients: A Survey Study and Clinical Documentation Review.

Aims: To assess self-reported practices and knowledge of nurses and prescribers (i.e., physicians and nurse practitioners) on intravenous fluid therapy, and to evaluate how this is documented through a clinical documentation review.

ALK-positive histiocytosis and a clonally related chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.

Not available.

Introduction to the soft wearable sensors themed collection.

Soft wearable sensors offer promising potential for advanced diagnostics, therapeutics, and human-machine interfaces. Unlike conventional devices that are bulky and rigid, often compromising skin integrity, comfort, and user compliance, soft wearable sensors are flexible, conformable, and better suited to the dynamic skin surface. This improved mechanical integration enhances signal fidelity and device performance, while also enabling safer, more comfortable, and continuous physiological monitoring in real-world environments.

Inventory of possible endocrine disrupting chemicals used in cosmetic products.

There is a concern on the safety of cosmetic ingredients and their endocrine-disrupting (ED) potential. Frequent use as well as the use of a diverse range of cosmetics pose a concern for a potential health risk via aggregate exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). In this study, a list of ingredients available in cosmetic products that were recently introduced to the Dutch market was retrieved from the commercially accessible Mintel database and screened for the presence of EDCs.

Are Narrative CVs contributing towards shifting research culture? Workshop Report from the 2023 Recognition and Rewards Festival.

Background: Over the past decade, calls for research assessment reform have grown, led by initiatives such as the Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA) and the Leiden Manifesto, and, more recently, the Coalition for Advancing Research Assessment (CoARA). A key element being discussed as part of research assessment reform is a shift towards more qualitative assessments, focussed on the content of research and the broad skills and competencies of researchers, and the array of contributions they make to knowledge creation and innovation. Narrative CV formats have emerged as a good practice example for enabling qualitative assessments of research projects and researchers, and are becoming more widely piloted and implemented.

AtGH3.10 and JAR1 Produce 12-Hydroxyjasmonoyl-l-isoleucine from 12-Hydroxyjasmonic Acid in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Jasmonates are plant hormones that regulate plant defense and development. 7-iso-Jasmonoyl-l-isoleucine (JA-Ile) is a representative active jasmonate which is biosynthesized from 7-iso-jasmonic acid (JA) by the jasmonoyl-amido synthases JASMONATE RESISTANT 1 (JAR1) and AtGH3.10 in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Identity and Psychosis Risk in Sexual Minority Youth: Temporal Dynamics of Identity and Suspiciousness Through Experience Sampling Methodology.

Background And Hypotheses: Sexual minority youth are at increased risk for psychotic experiences, potentially due to identity-related difficulties. We hypothesized that sexual minority youth would report greater identity difficulties, and that these difficulties would be associated with heightened suspiciousness in daily life. Finally, we examined whether these associations differ between sexual minority and heterosexual adolescents.

Legacy of the Lost and Pressure of the Present: Malagasy Plant Seeds Retain Megafauna Dispersal Signatures but Downsize Under Human Pressure.

Ongoing declines of large-bodied frugivores limit the dispersal of large-seeded plants, contributing to their (local) demise and 'downsizing' of seeds across assemblages. However, the extent to which human pressure leads to contemporary seed downsizing, and whether extinct megafrugivores have left imprints on seed size, remains unclear. Here, we integrate trait and distribution data for 2852 endozoochorous plant species, 48 extant and 15 extinct frugivore species across 361 assemblages on Madagascar.

Improving Patient Engagement in Phase 2 Clinical Trials With a Trial-Specific Patient Decision Aid: Development and Usability Study.

Background: Making informed decisions about clinical trial participation can be overwhelming for patients due to the complexity of trial information, potential risks and benefits, and the emotional burden of a recent diagnosis. Patient decision aids (PDAs) simplify this process by providing clear information on treatment options, empowering patients to actively participate in shared decision-making with their doctors. While PDAs have shown promise in various health care contexts, their use in clinical trials, particularly in the form of trial-specific patient decision aids (tPDAs), remains underused.

Semi-Targeted Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Metabolomics via Parahydrogen-Induced Hyperpolarization for Enhanced Sensitivity to Metabolic Composition.

Non-hydrogenative para-hydrogen-induced polarization (nhPHIP) has proven a powerful tool for the enhanced NMR detection of several classes of metabolites in complex mixtures. Particularly, compounds carrying an α-amino acid motif have been previously detected and quantified in biological samples and natural extracts at submicromolar concentrations using 2D nhPHIP NMR spectroscopy. This technique is here applied for the first time in a semi-targeted metabolomics NMR study on urine from patients suffering from Pyridoxine-Dependent Epilepsy (PDE), currently diagnosed by the presence of dilute unique biomarkers.

Loss of Skeletal Muscle Mass Is Associated With Reduced Cytotoxic T Cell Abundance and Poor Survival in Advanced Lung Cancer.

Background: Body composition alterations such as skeletal muscle (SM) loss in cancer patients are associated with poor survival. In turn, immune cell-driven pathways have been linked to muscle wasting. We aimed to investigate the relationship between body composition, tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes and survival in patients with advanced lung cancer.

Quantifying the Environmental and Food Biodiversity Impacts of Ultra-Processed Foods - Evidence from the EPIC Study.

Objective: While associations of ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption with adverse health outcomes are accruing, its environmental and food biodiversity impacts remain underexplored. This study examines associations between UPF consumption and dietary greenhouse gas emissions (GHGe), land use, and food biodiversity.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

RF phase modulation improves quantitative transient state sequences under constrained conditions.

Objective: Within gradient-spoiled transient-state MR sequences like Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting or Magnetic Resonance Spin TomogrAphy in Time-domain (MR-STAT), it is examined whether an optimized RF phase modulation can help to improve the precision of the resulting relaxometry maps.

Methods: Using a Cramer-Rao based method called BLAKJac, optimized sequences of RF pulses have been generated for two scenarios (amplitude-only modulation and amplitude + phase modulation) and for several conditions. These sequences have been tested on a phantom, a healthy human brain and a healthy human leg, to reconstruct parametric maps ( and ) as well as their standard deviations.

Improving magnetic field homogeneity in prostate MR imaging and spectroscopy using an add-on local external shim coil array.

Objective: To improve B field homogeneity in prostate MR imaging and spectroscopy using a custom-designed 16-channel external local shim coil array.

Methods: In vivo prostate imaging was performed in seven healthy volunteers (mean age: 40.7 years) without bowel preparation.

Quantifying Malabsorption After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Sleeve Gastrectomy Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy.

Background: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) are common bariatric procedures that lead to substantial and sustained weight loss. Although both procedures induce hormonal and physiological effects, RYGB includes both a restrictive and malabsorptive component due to anatomical rerouting, whereas SG is considered primarily restrictive. This study aimed to quantify differences in energy and fat absorption between both procedures using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).

Upfront whole blood transcriptional patterns in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors associate with clinical outcome.

Whole blood (WB) transcriptomics offers a minimal-invasive method to assess patients' immune system. This study aimed to identify transcriptional patterns in WB associated with clinical outcomes in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). We performed RNA-sequencing on pre-treatment WB samples from 145 patients with advanced cancer.

Deciphering cross-cohort metabolic signatures of immune responses and their implications for disease pathogenesis.

The complex interplay between circulating metabolites and immune responses, which is pivotal to disease pathophysiology, remains poorly understood and understudied in systematic research. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the immune response and circulating metabolome in two Western European cohorts (534 and 324 healthy individuals) and one from sub-Saharan Africa (323 healthy donors). At the metabolic level, our analysis revealed sex-specific differences in the correlation between phosphatidylcholine and cytokine responses following ex vivo stimulation.

Hippocampal Cofilin and CFL1 gene variants are linked to Alcohol Use Disorder phenotypes.

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is characterized by pathological motivation to consume alcohol and cognitive inflexibility, leading to excessive alcohol seeking and use. In this study, we investigated the molecular correlates of impaired extinction of alcohol seeking during forced abstinence using a mouse model of AUD in the automated IntelliCage social system. This model distinguished AUD-prone and AUD-resistant animals based on the presence of ≥2 or <2 criteria of AUD, respectively.

Systematic attribution of heatwaves to the emissions of carbon majors.

Extreme event attribution assesses how climate change affected climate extremes, but typically focuses on single events. Furthermore, these attributions rarely quantify the extent to which anthropogenic actors have contributed to these events. Here we show that climate change made 213 historical heatwaves reported over 2000-2023 more likely and more intense, to which each of the 180 carbon majors (fossil fuel and cement producers) substantially contributed.

Minimally invasive liver surgery for perihilar and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: systematic review and meta-analysis of comparative studies.

Background: The implementation of minimally invasive liver surgery (MILS) for perihilar (PHC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHC) remains limited and a systematic review including only comparative studies of MILS versus the open approach is lacking. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of minimally invasive surgery in patients with hilar and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas.

Methods: Systematic review in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases for original studies comparing at least five patients undergoing MILS with open liver surgery for PHC and IHC.

PML::RARα+ myeloid cells display metabolic alterations that can be targeted to treat resistant/relapse acute promyelocytic leukemias.

At present there is no metabolic characterization of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Pathognomonic of APL, PML::RARα fusion protein rewires metabolic pathways to feed anabolic tumor cell's growth. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO)-based therapies render APL the most curable subtype of AML, yet approximately 1% of cases are resistant and 5% relapse.

Structural Elucidation and Covalent Modulation of the Autorepressed Orphan Nuclear Receptor NR2F6.

The orphan nuclear receptor NR2F6 (Nuclear Receptor subfamily 2 group F member 6) is an emerging therapeutic target for cancer immunotherapy. Upregulation of NR2F6 expression in tumor cells has been linked to proliferation and metastasis, while in immune cells NR2F6 inhibits antitumor T-cell responses. Small molecule modulation of NR2F6 activity might therefore be a novel strategy in cancer treatment, benefiting from this dual role of NR2F6.