Changing land use and land cover dynamics in Chhilchhila Wildlife Sanctuary, Haryana, India: a winter migratory bird study.

The Chhilchhila Wildlife Sanctuary serves as a vital wintering ground and key stopover for the Central Asian Flyway, providing essential habitats for numerous migratory bird species. Fortnightly field surveys for 2 years were conducted periodically from October 2022 to September 2024, employing line-cum-point transect counts across four transects of the study area. A total of 62 winter migrant avian species from 10 orders, 26 families, and 42 genera were recorded.

PiPho85, a cyclin-dependent kinase of Piriformospora indica rescue colonized maize plants grown under salt stress.

We identified, isolated, and functionally characterized a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK), PiPho85, from Piriformospora indica. The identified PiPho85 contains TY, PSTAIRE, protein kinase domain, and an ATP binding site which is highly conserved among the Pho85/CDK5 family protein specific for Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In a S.

Development of Zebrafish model for Iron Induced Neuroinflammation.

Zebrafish models have been used to research Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders because of their similarities to the human genetic composition and behavior. Researchers have detected iron accumulation in the post-mortem brain sections of neurodegenerative disorder patients. Therefore, the development an animal model to simulate these clinical pathological findings is important.

Lazertinib: A Cardio-Safer Alternative to Osimertinib for Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor L858R/T790M Double-Mutant Tyrosine Kinase Resistant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, with "epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)" mutations playing a pivotal role in tumor progression and carcinogenesis. "Third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs)," such as Osimertinib, have significantly improved treatment outcomes by overcoming resistance mechanisms like the T790M mutation. However, Osimertinib's clinical application is limited by cardiotoxicity concerns, necessitating safer alternatives.

Founders predict trait evolution and population performance after evolutionary rescue in the red flour beetle.

Evolutionary rescue helps populations survive environmental change, but the phenotypic and demographic factors associated with rescue dynamics and its long-term effects remain unclear. We experimentally evolved 10 wild-collected populations of flour beetles from across India in a suboptimal corn resource for 70 generations (>5 y), collecting >10,000 population census points book-ended by measurements of fitness-related traits for 30 experimental lines. Despite clear ancestral trait differences, all lines showed highly parallel evolutionary rescue within 20 generations.

Utilization of Biospecimens as a Biobank Output for Biomedical Research-A Report from the ISBER Annual Meeting 2024 Annual Meeting Roundtable Discussions.

Despite widespread recognition of the need to increase sample utilization, the utilization rate of collected biospecimens for research is still low. In recent years, funders have shifted priorities towards supporting biobanks/collections with high utilization. Given the imperative to upscale sample utilization, a roundtable was held to discuss the considerations for maximizing and measuring the utilization of biospecimens and the output models that biobanks can employ to ensure greater impact and directly attributable advancements in medical science.

Distribution and genotypes of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in raccoon dogs in Korea.

Enterocytozoon is a genus of microsporidian parasites, with Enterocytozoon bieneusi being a well-known species. It infects various mammalian hosts, including humans, and exhibits zoonotic potential. Out of the 97 fecal and intestinal samples collected from wild raccoon dogs in Korea, 12 (12.

Environmental impact of nurdle spill from MSC ELSA 3 on the Kanyakumari Coast, Southern India.

A technical malfunction in the ballast tank caused the Liberia-flagged cargo ship MSC ELSA 3 to capsize on May 25, 2025, while traveling from Vizhinjam to Kochi. As a result of the incident, a large amount of plastic pellets (nurdles, <1-5 mm) spilled and started washing up on the coasts of Kerala and Kanyakumari. About 858 bags (about 22 tons) were collected after the disaster.

Rest to roam: behavioural adaptations of tigers in anthropogenically altered landscapes.

Background: Large carnivores in human-dominated landscapes face significant risks from increased anthropogenic pressure, making it crucial to understand their movement behaviour for conservation strategies.

Methods: We used conventional and generalised hidden Markov models (HMMs) to analyse GPS telemetry data collected from 2016 to 2022 on 15 subadult tigers to classify behavioural states across three life stages (pre-dispersal, dispersal, post-dispersal) in the Eastern Vidarbha Landscape, India. We further examined how intrinsic and extrinsic factors influenced transitions between these behavioural states.

Integrating Artificial Intelligence in Environmental Monitoring: A Paradigm Shift in Data-Driven Sustainability.

Environmental monitoring is essential for understanding and minimizing human impact on ecosystems. Traditional methods like manual sampling and laboratory testing, while accurate, are often costly, time-consuming, and difficult to scale, especially in low-resource settings. Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly addressing these limitations by enabling automated data collection, real-time analysis, and predictive modeling.

Beyond the known: Unraveling the existence of novel Trichinella genotypes (T14 and T15) in India and expanding the species complex.

The Trichinella species complex includes 10 recognized species and three genotypes with global distribution, impacting significant health and economic burdens on livestock, wildlife, and humans. In India, trichinellosis is an under recognized zoonotic disease. Investigating the taxonomic status, genetic diversity and phylogeography of Indian Trichinella isolates is crucial for understanding the disease's regional dynamics.

Financing sustainability: Applying the BIOFIN framework to government investments in conserving native and indigenous livestock breeds in central India.

Biodiversity conservation is a key responsibility for signatories of the Convention on Biodiversity. India is legally committed to the Aichi Biodiversity Targets (ABTs) and the United Nations' sustainable development goals (SDGs), with a focus on protecting its livestock diversity and genetic resources. Livestock diversity is crucial for maintaining ecosystem functionality and supporting the livelihoods of indigenous communities by contributing to the rural economy.

Toxic traces: First insights into metals and metalloids in dugongs (Dugong dugon) from India.

Metals and metalloid pollution poses significant threats to coastal ecosystem and their inhabitants, particularly dugongs, which rely exclusively on seagrass habitats. Dugongs, one of the most vulnerable herbivores, face declining populations due to habitat loss, unsustainable fishing, and rising pollution. Although earlier studies revealed increasing metal and metalloid accumulation in dugong tissues over time, globally there remains a dearth of information across their distribution range including India.

Comparing visual and acoustic detectability of two coastal cetacean species off Sindhudurg, India, to better inform integrated survey protocol.

The Indian Ocean humpback dolphin (Sousa plumbea) and the Indo-Pacific finless porpoise (Neophocaena phocaenoides) are resident to the inshore waters of India. Despite urgent conservation concerns facing both species, population assessments and long-term monitoring efforts face several challenges, particularly due to limitations in conducting conventional visual surveys. Our study explores the use of combined acoustic and visual surveys along a 376 km[Formula: see text] area off the Sindhudurg coast, India, to address these limitations.

Accelerated development of MTL and DMP gene-based subtropically-adapted maternal haploid inducer lines in maize using molecular breeding.

Doubled haploid (DH) technology has accelerated the development of inbreds in maize. Worldwide, breeding efforts have led to the development of diverse maternal haploid inducer (HI) lines adapted to temperate and tropical conditions. So far, no HI line adapted to subtropical conditions has been developed.

A polymorphic inframe deletion in the ODR-10 extracellular loop 2 abolishes diacetyl sensing.

The wild strain DL226 carries a 30 bp inframe deletion in the gene coding for the diacetyl olfactory receptor. DL226 animals are defective for attraction to diacetyl but not to pyrrole, an unrelated odorant also sensed by AWA neurons. Using genome editing in the N2 background, we show that this inframe deletion is causal for the defect in diacetyl sensing.

Bite size of regulates feeding, satiety and development on a diet of live yeast.

In the wild, the nematode primarily feeds on microbes, which are abundant in rotting vegetation. Studies show that several gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial populations predominantly constitute the gut microbiome, but surprisingly lack any yeast species. To understand the lack of yeast in the intestine of , we studied the behaviour of worms on pathogenic and non-pathogenic yeast diets.

An RFamide signaling system balances turning and forward locomotion to optimize global food search in .

Neuromodulators such as neuropeptides activate specific G-protein-coupled receptors to reconfigure activity patterns of neural circuits and alter animal behavior. However, we have an incomplete understanding of the context-dependent mechanisms through which neuromodulators alter behavioral states. Here, we report a novel off-food behavioral requirement of the RFamide receptor .

A review of zoonotic chlamydiae species in Africa: assessing their burden and potential impact through One Health perspective.

Chlamydia species, a group of obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacteria, affect humans, livestock, companion animals, and wildlife, with infections ranging from asymptomatic to severe depending on host species and strain. Diagnosis can be difficult due to mild lesions or co-infections. Because Chlamydiaceae infect multiple hosts, a One Health approach, integrating human, animal, and environmental health is essential for effective control and prevention.

Genomics Reveals Distinct Evolutionary Lineages in Asian Elephants.

This study introduces, for the first time, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data from predominantly wild-born Asian elephants currently housed in European zoos, covering the distribution range of Asian elephants. With this WGS data, we aim to validate the current designation of Asian elephant subspecies and address currently discussed ambiguities about their origin, particularly concerning Bornean and Sri Lankan elephants by analyzing population structure, determining divergence times, and exploring ancient and recent bottlenecks. Understanding the evolutionary history of the Asian elephant subspecies is essential for developing targeted conservation strategies and mitigating risks to their survival.

Plastic pollution in India: assessing the impact of environmental criminal law enforcement.

Plastic pollution has become a significant environmental challenge in India, causing adverse effects on human health, wildlife, and ecosystems. Although there are policies and regulations in place to address the issue, the problem persists, indicating a gap in their implementation. We examined the existing policies, the role of law enforcement agencies, the potential impact of environmental criminal law enforcement on plastic pollution in India, and the challenges of policy implementation.

Unveiling genetic variation among Bharal (Pseudois nayaur) in the Indian Himalayas using nuclear markers.

Understanding the genetic structure of wild ungulate populations is essential for informed conservation planning, particularly in ecologically sensitive and topographically complex landscapes such as the Himalayas. We investigated the genetic variation in Bharal (Pseudois nayaur) populations from the western (WH) and eastern Himalayas (EH) using eight microsatellite loci. Our analysis revealed significant genetic divergence between WH and EH populations, with a Nei's genetic distance of 0.

TIMP-1 enhances Akt and BDNF signaling in neurons to reduce synaptic and cognitive deficits in 5xFAD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.

Glial-secreted molecules influence neuronal function in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but their mechanisms of action are partially understood. Anti-inflammatory cytokine tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) is secreted by astrocytes early in response to amyloid-β and is suggested to have a neuroprotective function. We demonstrated that TIMP-1 levels are increased in 7-day-old 5xFAD versus wild-type mice but are drastically decreased from two months onwards.

Dihydroartemisinin induces tumor suppression in the Drosophila brain tumor with functional recovery and a rescue in lethality.

With a poor prognosis and dynamic invasiveness, gliomas persist as one of the elusive targets in modern oncology, catalyzing a shift in focus towards natural product-based anti-glioma candidates that prioritize therapeutic precision with minimal toxicity. In a previous study conducted in our laboratory, treatment of the Drosophila brain tumor mutant, lethal (2) giant larvae [l(2)gl] with candidate drugs artemisinin and curcumin restored brain architecture, though pupal lethality persisted. Here, we investigate a key artemisinin derivative, dihydroartemisinin (DHA), using the Drosophila l(2)gl/l(2)gl loss-of-function mutant.

From Hormones to Harvests: A Pathway to Strengthening Plant Resilience for Achieving Sustainable Development Goals.

The worldwide agriculture industry is facing increasing problems due to rapid population increase and increasingly unfavorable weather patterns. In order to reach the projected food production targets, which are essential for guaranteeing global food security, innovative and sustainable agricultural methods must be adopted. Conventional approaches, including traditional breeding procedures, often cannot handle the complex and simultaneous effects of biotic pressures such as pest infestations, disease attacks, and nutritional imbalances, as well as abiotic stresses including heat, salt, drought, and heavy metal toxicity.