Comparative assessment of polyphenol stability, bioactivity, and digestive availability in purified compounds and fruit extracts from four black chokeberry cultivars.

This study evaluated the stability and biological activity of polyphenols in purified polyphenolic extract (IPE) and fruit matrix extract (FME) from four black chokeberry cultivars during in vitro digestion. Fifteen polyphenolic compounds were identified in both extracts by UPLC-PDA-MS/MS, with similar qualitative profiles but quantitative differences. This is the first comparative analysis of IPE and FME from four cultivars-Nero, Viking, and the newly characterized Aron and Hugin.

The Effect of rs80860411 Polymorphism on Fattening, Slaughter, and Pork Quality Traits in Polish Large White and Pulawska Breeds.

The intergenic SNP (single-nucleotide polymorphism) rs80860411A>C was identified as a major QTL for drip loss measured on semimembranosus muscle (SM) in pigs. The SNP is located near the . The purpose of this study was to analyze the association between rs80860411A>C and fattening, slaughter, and quality traits of Polish pigs.

Sexual dimorphism alters seasonal chelae muscle mechanisms in spiny-cheek crayfish ().

Sex-specific behaviours of freshwater crayfish are key elements in sustaining species persistence and successful conquering of new habitats in freshwater ecosystems. However, to date, information on molecular mechanisms that underpin the anatomy and physiology of crayfish sexes in successful mating behaviour was scarcely presented. In this study, females and males were sampled in spring and autumn to assess the impact of sexes and seasons on body parameters and activity of (), (), (), (), and () genes related to the functioning of muscles in chelae.

The Effect of the Ratio of Butylene Succinate and Dilinoleic Diol in Their Copolyester (PBS-DLS) on the Physicochemical Properties and Biofilm Formation.

Biofilm-forming microorganisms pose a severe threat in the food and medical industries, among others. In this paper, the research materials were poly(butylene succinate-dilinoleic succinate) (PBS-DLS) copolymers with variable hard and soft segment weight ratios (90:10, 70:30, and 50:50). Polymeric films were prepared by the solvent casting method.

Hybrid Polypropylene Biocomposites Reinforced with Short Man-Made Cellulose Fibres and Softwood Flour-Optimisation of Properties Using Response Surface Methodology.

Wood-polymer composites and composites reinforced with natural and man-made cellulose fibres are being extensively used in the automotive and building industries. The main shortcoming of the former is their low-impact resistance and brittleness. The relatively high cost of natural and cellulose fibres is the limitation of the latter.

Diet-Induced Proteomic and Metabolomic Signatures in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Precision Nutrition Approach.

Diet is a key modifiable factor that can either support renal health or accelerate the onset and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Recent advances in multiomics, particularly proteomics and metabolomics, significantly enhanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms linking diet to CKD risk. Proteomics offers a comprehensive analysis of protein expression, structure, and interactions, revealing how dietary components regulate cellular processes and signaling pathways.

Antioxidant, Nutritional Properties, Microbiological, and Health Safety of Juice from Organic and Conventional 'Solaris' Wine ( L.) Farming.

This study investigated the technological parameters, microbiological, and functional properties of juice from Solaris grapes grown under conventional and organic farming systems to assess how these cultivation methods influence juice quality. The one-year study focused on key aspects such as the levels of health-promoting polyphenols, the presence of mycotoxins, and pesticide residues. Organic grapes showed greater bacterial and fungal diversity, with significant differences in dominant genera.

Epoxy Composites with Post-Production Gray Cast-Iron Powders.

Processing of cast-iron castings by machining is associated with a large amount of post-production waste in the form of cast-iron chips, which constitute up to about 5% of the weight of the entire casting. In the case of serial production, this generates large amounts of post-production waste, constituting a constantly growing scale of environmental problems. The aim of this research was to develop a simple and cheap method of utilizing post-production waste of gray cast-iron chips from the machining process for the production of small structural elements of water supply fittings.

The Influence of Zinc Oxide and Zinc Stearate on the Antimicrobial Activity of Coatings Containing Raspberry and Chokeberry Extracts.

The goal of this research was to analyse the synergistic effect between selected plant extracts with zinc oxide particles, and zinc stearate. The influence of ZnO on the antimicrobial effectiveness of the selected extracts was confirmed in previous research carried out by the authors. However, the impact of zinc stearate on extract activity has yet to be analysed.

The Influence of Functional Composite Coatings on the Properties of Polyester Films before and after Accelerated UV Aging.

The aim of this study was to cover biopolymeric packaging films based on PLA/PHBV blend with a functional composite coating (to retain their ecological character) and to investigate their antimicrobial properties before and after UV irradiation. As an active coating, the carrier hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), as well as its modified form with L., L.

Organic Supplementation of Vaccinium corymbosum Micropropagation Media.

The best Vaccinium corymbosum plant growth under in vitro conditions can be achieved by using the right composition and pH of the medium. For the initial phase of in vitro culture, a combination of cytokinins-mostly zeatin-can usually be used. Organic supplementation of the medium enables the use of a replacement for the expensive natural cytokinin used in micropropagation of highbush blueberry.

The Kidney-Gut Axis as a Novel Target for Nutritional Intervention to Counteract Chronic Kidney Disease Progression.

A well-balanced diet is integral for overall health, aiding in managing key risk factors for kidney damage like hypertension while supplying necessary precursors for metabolite production. Dietary choices directly influence the composition and metabolic patterns of the gut microbiota, showing promise as therapeutic tools for addressing various health conditions, including chronic kidney diseases (CKD). CKD pathogenesis involves a decline in the glomerular filtration rate and the retention of nitrogen waste, fostering gut dysbiosis and the excessive production of bacterial metabolites.

Effectiveness of E-Beam Radiation against , , and Wild Yeast and Their Influence on Wine Quality.

The simplest way to eliminate microorganisms in the must/wine is through sulfuration, as it allows the introduction of pure yeast varieties into the must, which guarantees a high-quality wine. However, sulfur is an allergen, and an increasing number of people are developing allergies to it. Therefore, alternative methods for microbiological stabilization of must and wine are being sought.

Evaluation of new L-amino acids triethanolammonium salts usability for controlling protease activity.

Twenty new triethanolammonium amino acid salts (TEA AA) have been prepared from triethanolammonium hydroxide and L-amino acids. The physicochemical properties of TEA AA depended on the applied amino acid. Five of the synthesised salts, i.

W-SBA-15 as an Effective Catalyst for the Epoxidation of 1,5,9-Cyclododecatriene.

The results of a study on the epoxidation of 1,5,9-cyclododecatriene (CDT) on a W-SBA-15 catalyst using the batch and half-periodic methods are presented. During this study, the activity of the W-SBA-15 catalyst was compared to that of the Ti-SBA-15 catalyst, and the W-SBA-15 catalyst was found to be about 20 times more active than the Ti-SBA-15 catalyst. The highest CDT conversion so far, amounting to 86 mol%, was obtained after carrying out the 4 h epoxidation process.

Bioactive Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC)-Based Films Modified with Melanin and Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs)-The Effect of the Degree of CMC Substitution on the In Situ Synthesis of AgNPs and Films' Functional Properties.

Green synthesis of nanoparticles for use in food packaging or biomedical applications is attracting increasing interest. In this study, the effect of the degree of substitution (0.7, 0.

Genome-Wide Association Analysis for Hybrid Breeding in Wheat.

Disclosure of markers that are significantly associated with plant traits can help develop new varieties with desirable properties. This study determined the genome-wide associations based on DArTseq markers for six agronomic traits assessed in eight environments for wheat. Moreover, the association study for heterosis and analysis of the effects of markers grouped by linkage disequilibrium were performed based on mean values over all experiments.

Gene and Protein Accumulation Changes Evoked in Porcine Aorta in Response to Feeding with Two Various Fructan Sources.

In this study, two different ITFs sources were incorporated into a cereal-based diet to evaluate possible aortic protein and gene changes in nursery pigs. The animals were fed two different experimental diets from the 10th day of life, supplemented with either 4% of dried chicory root (CR) or with 2% of native inulin (IN). After a 40-day dietary intervention trial, pigs were sacrificed at day 50 and the aortas were harvested.

Dietary Inclusion of Dried Chicory Root Affects Cecal Mucosa Proteome of Nursery Pigs.

Prebiotics are known to have many beneficial effects on intestinal health by modulating the gut microbiota composition, thereby affecting epithelial cell proliferation and metabolism. This study had two aims: (1) to identify the protein constituents in the cecal mucosa of 50-day-old healthy (PIC × Penarlan P76) barrows, and (2) to assess the effects of 4% inclusion of dried chicory root in a cereal-based diet on the cecal mucosa proteome changes. Pigs (eight per group) were randomly allotted to the groups and were fed a control diet from the tenth day of life (C) or a diet supplemented with 4% of died chicory root (CR), for 40 days.

Lignocellulosic Biomass from Grapevines as Raw Material for Particleboard Production.

The study aimed to determine the suitability of agricultural lignocellulosic biomass in the form of vine pruning waste for particleboard production. Two variants of particleboards with densities of 650 kg/m and 550 kg/m containing a varied amount of vine pruning waste (0, 25, 50 and 100%) were evaluated. The strength (MOR, MOE and IB), thickness swelling and water absorption after immersion in water for 2 and 24 h were tested.

The Bioactive Profile, Nutritional Value, Health Benefits and Agronomic Requirements of Cherry Silverberry ( Thunb.): A Review.

The cherry silverberry ( Thunb.) is a lesser-known plant species with high nutritional and therapeutic potential. Cherry silverberry contains numerous biologically active compounds.

The application of amino acid ionic liquids as additives in the ultrasound-assisted extraction of plant material.

The aim of the present study was to determine the antioxidant activity of the aqueous extracts from , and obtained using aqueous solutions of ionic liquids by the ultrasound-assisted extraction (IL-UAE) method. Triethanolammonium salts [TEAH][AA] of four amino acids of different hydrophobicity - isoleucine - Ile, methionine - Met, threonine - Thr and arginine - Arg, were chosen as ionic liquids, because they are based on natural, bio-renewable raw materials, such as amino acids and contain a pharmaceutically and cosmetically acceptable counterion of triethanolamine. Triethanolammonium salts were synthesized, identified by spectroscopic methods (NMR and FT-IR) and characterized by thermal methods (DSC and TGA).

Alginate Biofunctional Films Modified with Melanin from Watermelon Seeds and Zinc Oxide/Silver Nanoparticles.

Bioactive films find more and more applications in various industries, including packaging and biomedicine. This work describes the preparation, characterization and physicochemical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of alginate films modified with melanin from watermelon () seeds at concentrations of 0.10%, 0.

Clonal Diversity, Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Presence of Genes Encoding Virulence Factors in Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from Cut Wound Infections.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the clonal relatedness and antimicrobial susceptibility in 52 Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from cut wound infections in non-related community patients and to determine the presence of selected virulence genes. To analyse the clonal relatedness of investigated strains, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of macrorestricted DNA fragments was conducted. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the AST-P644 card in the VITEK 2 Compact system.