Real-world management and outcomes of immune-related adverse events in german cancer care: A multicenter analysis using the SERIO registry.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used in cancer therapy, yet diagnosing and managing immune-related adverse events (irAEs) remains challenging in clinical practice. Differences in healthcare structures between university hospitals (UH) and private practices (PP) influence irAE presentation and management, often excluding the latter from analyses.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study included 604 cancer patients treated with ICIs between 2014 and 2023: 323 from UH and 281 from PP.

Targeting mutated KRAS by HLA-A*02:01 restricted anti-KRAS TCR-mimic CAR and bispecific T cell engager.

Mutations in the KRAS proto-oncogene, particularly at codon 12, are among the most frequent genetic alterations in various cancers, and KRAS accounts for about 25% of all KRAS mutations observed in lung, pancreatic, and colorectal adenocarcinomas. Despite improved treatment regimes using targeted therapy and checkpoint inhibitors, cellular immunotherapy options for KRAS-mutated cancers remain elusive. We therefore developed two TCR-mimic (TCRm) anti-KRAS/HLA-A*02:01 chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) containing different hinge regions and, alternatively, a TCRm anti-KRAS/HLA-A*02:01 bispecific T cell engager (BiTE) to explore immunotherapy to the highly prevalent KRAS neoantigen.

Outcomes of Patients with Suspected Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia in a Contemporary Multicenter Cohort.

Managing patients with suspected heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) poses significant clinical challenges. Limited evidence exists on how management decisions impact clinical outcomes, leading to treatment recommendations based on low-certainty evidence. This study aimed to evaluate the treatment strategies and clinical outcomes of patients with suspected heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) in a contemporary multicenter cohort.

Non-invasive prenatal testing is not a substitute for first trimester ultrasound screening.

The ultrasound examination in the first trimester is a crucial tool in prenatal diagnostics. Its primary aim is the early detection of fetal structural anomalies with the option to assess the risk for the common fetal trisomies (in Switzerland: "Ersttrimestertest"). The latter is achieved by combining ultrasound data with biochemical blood tests.

Outcome of femoral fractures treated with cerclages and intramedullary nailing.

Introduction: Femoral shaft fractures are a common entity in trauma surgery. The gold standard is closed reduction and intramedullary nailing. However, in some fracture patterns, the surgeon may choose to open the fracture for reduction.

First Clinical Results of Hyperopic Eyes Treated with a New Ablative Solid-State Laser.

Investigation and evaluation of the first clinical results of the new ablative solid-state laser (AQUARIUZ) regarding clinical outcome, inclusively higher-order aberration and safety. In this case report, three hyperopic patients with six eyes were treated with the new ablative solid-state laser (AQUARIUZ). The LASIK incisions are cut with the Ziemer LDV Z8.

AI-powered evaluation of lung function for diagnosis of interstitial lung disease.

Background: The diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD) can pose a challenge as the pulmonary function test (PFT) is only minimally affected at the onset. To improve early diagnosis, this study aims to explore the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) software in assisting pulmonologists with PFT interpretation for ILD diagnosis. The software provides an automated description of PFT and disease probabilities computed from an AI model.

Effect of prior and first-line immunotherapy on baseline immune biomarkers and modulation of the tumor microenvironment in response to nivolumab and relatlimab combination therapy in patients with melanoma from RELATIVITY-020.

Background: Some patients with melanoma experience disease progression during immunotherapy (IO) and may benefit from novel combinations of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). We report results from exploratory biomarker analyses to characterize the responses of patients with advanced melanoma to treatment with nivolumab (anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)) and relatlimab (anti-lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3)) combination therapy in RELATIVITY-020 (NCT01968109).

Methods: Tumor biopsies collected at baseline and ≤4 weeks after treatment initiation were evaluated for % LAG-3-positive and % CD8-positive immune cells and % programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression on tumor cells.

Impact of enzyme replacement therapy and migalastat on disease progression in females with fabry disease.

Aim: The aim of our multicenter study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) and chaperone therapy on the disease progression in female Fabry disease (FD) patients and to compare the individual treatment regimens.

Methods: Data from 3 consecutive visits of 102 female FD patients from 6 Fabry centers were retrospectively analyzed. According to their FD-specific treatment, patients were separated in 5 groups: Newly agalsidase-beta- [n = 18], agalsidase-alfa- [n = 29] and migalastat-[n = 14] treated patients, and long-term agalsidase-beta- [n = 7] and agalsidase-alfa-[n = 34] treated patients.

First ischemic stroke in young adults: Sex and age-related differences in stroke rates, risk factors, and etiologies.

Introduction: Sex differences in stroke incidence, vascular risk factors (VRFs), and etiologies among young adults remain underexplored, particularly regarding age-related patterns.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed young adults (18-55 years) with first-ever ischemic stroke treated at certified acute stroke units/centers between 2014 and 2022, using Swiss Stroke Registry data. Stroke rates (per 100,000 person-years), VRFs, and etiologies were assessed by age and sex.

Impact of nursing home admission on in-hospital mortality and morbidity and length of stay: A case-control analysis.

Methods: We examined a quality measurement database containing de-identified cases from across Switzerland. All patients with a complete dataset treated between 2015 and 2021 were included. A case-control matching method (same age, comorbidity, sex, diagnosis, admission type, and insurance coverage) was used to evaluate the impact of pre-admission residence.

Is there an impact of surgeon's experience on in-hospital outcome in patients with operatively treated proximal humerus and humerus shaft fractures?

Background: Proximal humerus and shaft fractures are common, comprising 10-11 % of all fractures. Progress in their management includes refined surgical techniques and implants, coupled with a deeper understanding of fracture patterns.

Aims: This study examines the effect of surgical education on in-hospital outcomes for operatively treated proximal and humerus shaft fractures, aiming to enhance patient care and results.

Regularity of Conjugacies of Linearizable Generalized Interval Exchange Transformations.

We consider generalized interval exchange transformations (GIETs) of intervals which are , i.e. differentiably conjugated to standard interval exchange maps (IETs) via a diffeomorphism of [0, 1] and study the regularity of the conjugacy .

Characteristics of patients with somatoform pain disorder.

Background: Patients with somatoform pain experience physical pain that cannot be attributed to any underlying medical or physiological cause, and it is often thought to be related to psychological factors. Health professionals encounter difficulties identifying this specific type of chronic pain, leading to suboptimal treatment strategies. Therefore, we aimed to describe the characteristics of patients with somatoform pain, to support the identification of affected patients.

Impact of enzyme replacement therapy on clinical manifestations in females with Fabry disease.

Background: The aim of our multicenter study was to investigate the implementation of the European Fabry guidelines on therapeutic recommendations in female patients with Fabry disease (FD) and to analyze the impact of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) in treated and untreated females.

Results: Data from 3 consecutive visits of 159 female FD patients from 6 Fabry centers were retrospectively analyzed. According to their treatment, patients were separated in 3 groups (untreated, n = 71; newly ERT-treated, n = 47; long-term ERT-treated, n = 41).

Opportunistic Quantitative Computed Tomography Assessing Bone Mineral Density in Patients With Laparoscopic Roux-En-Y-Gastric Bypass Metabolic Surgery Throughout a 5-Year Observation Window.

Background: Bariatric surgery is associated with decreasing bone mineral density (BMD).

Objective: To assess the long-term vertebral BMD, measured by opportunistic quantitative CT (QCT), and body mass index (BMI) in patients undergoing proximal laparoscopic Roux-en-Y surgery (LRYGB).

Methods: In 62 patients undergoing LRYGB, opportunistic QCT measurements were performed extracting BMD and BMI on day 1 and years 1, 3, and 5 postoperatively.

The role of social justice in triage revisited: a threshold conception.

Saving as many lives as possible while ensuring equity for vulnerable groups through access to triage resources has been the dominant position since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. However, the exact relationship between the principles of social justice and efficiency remains a controversial and unresolved issue. In this paper, we aim to systematically distinguish between different models of this relationship and show that conceptualizing social justice as a 'moral side-constraint' or adopting a 'balancing approach' that attempt to reconcile social justice with efficiency inevitably lead to significant moral costs that require further justification.

Decongestant Effect of "Coldamaris Akut", a Carrageenan- and Sorbitol-Containing Nasal Spray in Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a hyperosmolar, barrier-forming nasal spray based on carrageenan and sorbitol, and to demonstrate its decongestant effect in the context of allergic rhinitis (AR).

Methods: The efficacy of the nasal spray components was tested in vitro by barrier function, virus replication inhibition, and water absorption assays. The decongestant effectiveness was assessed in a randomized, controlled, crossover environmental chamber trial, where participants with a history of seasonal grass pollen AR were exposed to grass pollen allergens under controlled conditions.

Ecto-NOX Disulfide-Thiol Exchanger 2 (ENOX2/tNOX) Is a Potential Prognostic Marker in Primary Malignant Melanoma and May Serve as a Therapeutic Target.

With an increasing incidence of malignant melanoma, new prognostic biomarkers for clinical decision making have become more important. In this study, we evaluated the role of ecto-NOX disulfide-thiol exchanger 2 (ENOX2/tNOX), a cancer- and growth-associated protein, in the prognosis and therapy of primary malignant melanoma. We conducted a tissue microarray analysis of immunohistochemical ENOX2 protein expression and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) RNA expression analysis, as well as viability assays and Western blots of melanoma cell lines treated with the ENOX2 inhibitor phenoxodiol (PXD) and BRAF inhibitor (BRAFi) vemurafenib.

Alleviation of Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis Symptoms in Participants Treated with a 0.005% Tacrolimus Eye-Drop Solution.

Purpose: This randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover, double-blind trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Tacrosolv, a novel 0.005% tacrolimus eye-drop solution, in adults with grass pollen-induced allergic conjunctivitis.

Methods: A total of 64 adult participants were randomized to receive 2.

Air pollution exposure during pregnancy and lung function in childhood: The LUIS study.

Background: The adverse effects of high air pollution levels on childhood lung function are well-known. Limited evidence exists on the effects of moderate exposure levels during early life on childhood lung function. We investigated the association of exposure to moderate air pollution during pregnancy, infancy, and preschool time with lung function at school age in a Swiss population-based study.

Omega-3 alleviates behavioral and molecular changes in a mouse model of stress-induced juvenile depression.

Introduction: Depression is increasingly diagnosed in adolescence, necessitating specific prevention and treatment methods. However, there is a lack of animal models mimicking juvenile depression. This study explores a novel model using ultrasound (US) stress in juvenile mice.

Asymmetric fin shape changes swimming dynamics of ancient marine reptiles' soft robophysical models.

Animals have evolved highly effective locomotion capabilities in terrestrial, aerial, and aquatic environments. Over life's history, mass extinctions have wiped out unique animal species with specialized adaptations, leaving paleontologists to reconstruct their locomotion through fossil analysis. Despite advancements, little is known about how extinct megafauna, such as the Ichthyosauria one of the most successful lineages of marine reptiles, utilized their varied morphologies for swimming.