Investigation of mobile genetic elements and their association with antibiotic resistance genes in clinical pathogens worldwide.

Objectives: Antimicrobial-resistant bacteria are a major global health threat. Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) have been crucial for spreading resistance to new bacterial species, including human pathogens. Understanding how MGEs promote resistance could be essential for prevention.

Cancer Risk in Vitiligo: No Evidence of Increased Prevalence-A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Introduction: Vitiligo, a chronic depigmenting disorder affecting 1-2% of the global population, is caused by immune-mediated melanocyte destruction. While its pathogenesis is multifactorial, the relationship between vitiligo and malignancy risk remains controversial. Some studies suggest an increased cancer risk, while others propose a potential protective effect, particularly against skin cancers.

Cholesterol and sterols in molluscan endocrinology: past, present, future.

Recently, critical evaluations have challenged the presence of vertebrate-type sex steroid signaling in mollusks, underlying the need of new research lines to shed light on molluscan endocrinology. The investigation of cholesterol metabolism and the potential biological role of sterols in mollusks has emerged as a growing research field in recent years. However, there is no clear consensus on several aspects of this topic and there is a great lack of relevant molecular data.

3D-printed cranial helmet therapy for the treatment of deformational plagiocephaly.

Introduction: Deformational Plagiocephaly (DP) is the most common cranial deformity in infants. It may be treated using molding cranial helmet therapy (CHT) or active counter-positioning (ACP). Molding CHT has proven to be highly effective, especially in moderate to severe cases.

Travel distance may have a negative impact on the outcome of deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease.

Potential beneficial effects of teleprogramming on the efficacy of deep brain stimulation (DBS) have not been studied. We aimed to explore the effects of travel distance on the outcome of DBS in Parkinson's disease (PD). We retrospectively analyzed travel- and visit-related data of PD patients treated with DBS.

Activated Protein C Suppresses Cardiomyocyte Senescence in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy via PAR1/PAR3-P85-CaMKIIδ Axis.

Diabetes exacerbates cardiomyocyte senescence, leading to an accelerated decline in cardiac function. The systemic levels of activated protein C (aPC) were reduced, which correlated with deterioration of cardiac diastolic function in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DbCM), while the underlying mechanisms remained unclear. We aim to identify the role of aPC in ameliorating cardiomyocyte senescence in DbCM.

Levodopa-Carbidopa Intestinal Gel Improves Dyskinesia in Parkinson's Disease: Post Hoc Analysis from the COSMOS Study.

Background: Dyskinesia is a debilitating complication of dopaminergic therapy in advanced Parkinson's disease.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) on dyskinesia burden.

Methods: This is a post hoc analysis of the retrospective, observational COmedication Study assessing Mono- and cOmbination therapy with levodopa-carbidopa inteStinal gel (COSMOS; NCT03362879).

Camidanlumab Tesirine for Relapsed or Refractory Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Phase 2 Study.

Outcomes in classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) have steadily improved; however, additional therapies are needed for patients who relapse or do not respond to novel agents. Here, we report the efficacy and safety of camidanlumab tesirine (Cami), an anti-CD25 antibody-drug conjugate, in patients with relapsed/refractory cHL following brentuximab vedotin/programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitor therapies from the phase 2 ADCT-301-201 study. Eligible patients were adults with cHL who had received ≥3 prior lines of systemic therapy (or ≥2 if ineligible for hematopoietic stem cell transplant).

Are viral vector-mediated therapies compatible with aberrant glycosylation?

The ability of adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) to transduce host cells relies on interactions with glycan moieties on the cellular surface. Consequently, disrupted protein glycosylation, which is seen in a range of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases, could impair transduction efficiency. Understanding how altered glycosylation impacts AAV binding is essential to optimize AAV-mediated therapeutic strategies.

Comparative Micro-CT Analysis of Internal Adaptation and Closed Porosity of Conventional Layered and Thermoviscous Bulk-Fill Resin Composites Using Total-Etch or Universal Adhesives.

Reliable adaptation in Class II resin-based composite (RBC) restorations with margins on cementum remains challenging. This study compared the internal adaptation (IA) and closed porosity (CP) of three restorative strategies for such cavities, using either total-etch or self-etch adhesive approaches. Standardized box-only cavities were prepared on both proximal surfaces of 30 extracted molars, applying self-etch on mesial and total-etch on distal cavities.

Putting DOAC Doubts to Bed(Side): Preliminary Evidence of Comparable Functional Outcomes in Anticoagulated and Non-Anticoagulated Stroke Patients Using Point-of-Care ClotPro Testing.

Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are now the guideline-recommended alternative to vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) for long-term anticoagulation in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation. However, accurately assessing their impact on ischemic stroke outcomes remains challenging, primarily due to uncertainty regarding anticoagulation status at the time of hospital admission. This preliminary study addresses this gap by using point-of-care testing (POCT) to confirm DOAC activity at bedside, allowing for a more accurate comparison of 90-day functional outcomes between anticoagulated and non-anticoagulated stroke patients.

Age-Related Patterns of Midfacial Fractures in a Hungarian Population: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.

Midfacial fractures are common outcomes of facial trauma. While younger individuals typically sustain these injuries through high-energy events like assaults and traffic or sports accidents, elderly patients increasingly present with fractures from low-energy mechanisms, primarily falls. The aim of this study was to analyze age- and gender-specific patterns in midfacial fractures over a 10-year period, with emphasis on elderly individuals and low-energy trauma.

The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Light of the Brain Axes and Dysbiosis Where Piezo2 Is the Critical Initiating Player.

The current opinion paper puts into perspective how altered microbiota transplanted from Alzheimer's patients initiates the impairment of the microbiota-gut-brain axis of a healthy recipient, leading to impaired cognition primarily arising from the hippocampus, dysfunctional adult hippocampal neurogenesis, dysregulated systemic inflammation, long-term spatial memory impairment, or chronic pain with hippocampal involvement. This altered microbiota may induce acquired Piezo2 channelopathy on enterochromaffin cells, which, in turn, impairs the ultrafast long-range proton-based oscillatory synchronization to the hippocampus. Therefore, an intact microbiota-gut-brain axis could be responsible for the synchronization of ultradian and circadian rhythms, with the assistance of rhythmic bacteria within microbiota, to circadian regulation, and hippocampal learning and memory formation.

It Is Time to Consider the Lost Battle of Microdamaged Piezo2 in the Context of and Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer.

The recent identification of early-onset mutational signatures with geographic variations by Diaz-Gay et al. is a significant finding, since early-onset colorectal cancer has emerged as an alarming public health challenge in the past two decades, and the pathomechanism remains unclear. Environmental risk factors, including lifestyle and diet, are highly suspected.

The Red Shift in Estrogen Research: An Estrogen-Receptor Targeted -BODIPY-Estradiol Fluorescent Conjugate.

Estradiol (E2) plays an important role in cell proliferation and certain brain functions. To reveal its mechanism of action, its detectability is essential. Only a few fluorescent-labeled hormonally active E2s exist in the literature, and their mechanism of action usually remains unclear.

Dietary Fatty Acids and Metabolic Health.

Fatty acids are essential in human physiology, serving as primary energy sources, forming membrane lipids, and acting as cellular signaling molecules, thereby playing a significant role in the etiology of metabolic syndrome [...

Smart Clothing and Medical Imaging Innovations for Real-Time Monitoring and Early Detection of Stroke: Bridging Technology and Patient Care.

Stroke is a significant global health concern characterized by the abrupt disruption of cerebral blood flow, leading to neurological impairment. Accurate and timely diagnosis-enabled by imaging modalities such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-is essential for differentiating stroke types and initiating interventions like thrombolysis, thrombectomy, or surgical management. In parallel, recent advancements in wearable technology, particularly smart clothing, offer new opportunities for stroke prevention, real-time monitoring, and rehabilitation.

Best Oculomotor Endpoints for Clinical Trials in Hereditary Ataxias: A Systematic Review and Consensus by the Ataxia Global Initiative Working Group on Digital‑Motor Biomarkers.

Oculomotor deficits are common in hereditary cerebellar ataxias (HCAs) and their quantitative assessment offers a sensitive and reliable manner to capture disease-severity and progression. As a group of experts of the Ataxia Global Initiative to support trial readiness, we previously established harmonized methodology for quantitative oculomotor assessments in HCAs. Here, we aimed to identify to most promising oculomotor/vestibular outcomes as endpoints for future trials.

Underlying Piezo2 Channelopathy-Induced Neural Switch of COVID-19 Infection.

The focal "hot spot" neuropathologies in COVID-19 infection are revealing footprints of a hidden underlying collapse of a novel ultrafast ultradian Piezo2 signaling system within the nervous system. Paradoxically, the same initiating pathophysiology may underpin the systemic findings in COVID-19 infection, namely the multiorgan SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced vascular pathologies and brain-body-wide systemic pro-inflammatory signaling, depending on the concentration and exposure to infecting SARS-CoV-2 viruses. This common initiating microdamage is suggested to be the primary damage or the acquired channelopathy of the Piezo2 ion channel, leading to a principal gateway to pathophysiology.

Yield and water productivity of rice as influenced by crop establishment and irrigation methods under temperate environment.

This study compares direct-seeded rice (DSR) with transplanted rice under three different irrigation methods: conventional flooding, saturation, and alternate wetting and drying. The findings indicate that DSR outperforms transplanted rice in several key aspects. Specifically, DSR exhibited a greater number of tillers (635-650) and panicles (510-529) m, along with lower spikelet sterility (9.

Efficacy and Safety of Radiotherapy and Systemic Treatments in Adrenocortical Carcinoma: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Context: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare, aggressive malignancy with a high recurrence and mortality rate even after complete resection. Therefore, intensification of adjuvant therapies is crucial, though their effectiveness remains controversial.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of available treatments by considering the prognostic factors affecting disease outcomes.

Contrasting destinations? Emerging intention trajectories of latent family size.

Although fertility levels in European countries, including Hungary, have long been well below the two children per woman required for reproduction, the two-child family ideal has dominated views about the ideal number of children for decades. Our aim was to identify potential alternative trajectories regarding the intended number of children, specifically deliberate childlessness or a preference for large families. Using group-based trajectory analysis, we explored trajectories and several demographic, socioeconomic and attitudinal characteristics associated with them using a subsample of people aged 18-33 from five waves (2001-2016) of the Hungarian Generations and Genders Survey.

Fears Related to Blood-Injection-Injury Inhibit Bystanders from Giving First Aid.

Introduction: Prehospital emergency care is vital for saving lives, and increasing bystander involvement can improve survival and recovery. One potential barrier to providing first aid is blood-injury injection (BII) phobia, which affects up to 20% of people, with 3-5% experiencing severe fear. Identifying such barriers may help tailor interventions to encourage willingness to provide first aid.

Enhanced residual-attention deep neural network for disease classification in maize leaf images.

Disease classification in maize plant is necessary for immediate treatment to enhance agricultural production and assure global food sustainability. Recent advancements in deep learning, specifically convolutional neural networks, have shown outstanding potential for image classification. This study presents Maize Net, a convolutional neural network model that precisely identifies diseases in maize leaves.