The Practical Value of Bayesian Inference in Describing the Epidemiology of Sports Injuries.

Sports injury surveillance programs have been vital in advancing the understanding of injury epidemiology across various athlete populations. Surveillance-based epidemiological measures of injury occurrence are ubiquitous in the sports medicine literature, and the injury rate is one such commonly used measure. Traditional approaches to calculating injury rates have predominantly relied on frequentist methods, which, while informative, have limitations in addressing certain practical questions.

Redox-driven mineral and organic associations in Jezero Crater, Mars.

The Perseverance rover has explored and sampled igneous and sedimentary rocks within Jezero Crater to characterize early Martian geological processes and habitability and search for potential biosignatures. Upon entering Neretva Vallis, on Jezero Crater's western edge, Perseverance investigated distinctive mudstone and conglomerate outcrops of the Bright Angel formation. Here we report a detailed geological, petrographic and geochemical survey of these rocks and show that organic-carbon-bearing mudstones in the Bright Angel formation contain submillimetre-scale nodules and millimetre-scale reaction fronts enriched in ferrous iron phosphate and sulfide minerals, likely vivianite and greigite, respectively.

DNA methylation cooperates with genomic alterations during non-small cell lung cancer evolution.

Aberrant DNA methylation has been described in nearly all human cancers, yet its interplay with genomic alterations during tumor evolution is poorly understood. To explore this, we performed reduced representation bisulfite sequencing on 217 tumor and matched normal regions from 59 patients with non-small cell lung cancer from the TRACERx study to deconvolve tumor methylation. We developed two metrics for integrative evolutionary analysis with DNA and RNA sequencing data.

Mental health effects of unemployment and re-employment: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.

This systematic review examined the impact of unemployment and re-employment on mental health problems (depression, anxiety and psychological distress) among working-age adults. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, APA PsycINFO and Web of Science (January 2012-March 2024) and included studies from a prior meta-analysis (1990-2012). Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.

From intuitive to structured quality control: implementing checklist-based peer reviews of reports in Norwegian digital forensic units.

Digital evidence plays a critical role in solving crimes, making its quality essential. This study examines the implementation of a structured, checklist-based peer review process for technical analysis reports within digital forensic units of the Norwegian Police. It incorporates two data collections: a qualitative study based on interviews following a trial implementation, and a quantitative survey assessing peer review practices one year after the trial.

Why does it work? Proposed biomedical effect mechanisms of exercise-based injury prevention programmes in football (soccer) and handball: a scoping review of 104 studies.

Objective: To describe the proposed biomedical effect mechanisms in research on exercise-based injury prevention programmes in football (soccer) and handball.

Design: Scoping review of randomised controlled trials (RCT), cohort studies and case studies.

Data Sources: MEDLINE via PubMed, SPORTDiscus and Web of Science databases were searched from 2000 to 2024.

Modelling challenges to unlock the power of phototrophic systems for wastewater valorization.

Phototrophic microorganisms are gaining prominence for their dual role in wastewater treatment and resource recovery, converting wastewater into valuable bioproducts. However, their effective deployment needs robust modelling frameworks capable of predicting performance across complex, real-world scenarios. Despite significant advances, key challenges hinder the development and application of such models.

Paternal factors affecting under-five immunization status in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

While maternal influences on childhood immunization have been extensively studied in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), paternal socioeconomic factors remain underexplored despite their potential impact on vaccination outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize current evidence on the influence of paternal characteristics on full childhood immunization status in SSA. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, and Scopus for studies published between January 2014 and March 2025.

Utilizing Smart Televisions as Assistive Technology to Enhance Communication and Social Lives of Older Adults: Systematic Review.

Background: Over the past decade, the proportion of the world's population aged ≥65 years has grown exponentially, presenting significant challenges, such as social isolation and loneliness among this population. Assistive technologies have shown potential in enhancing the quality of life for older adults by improving their physical, cognitive, and communication abilities. Research has shown that smart televisions are user-friendly and commonly used among older adults.

Health Inequity in People with Cystic Fibrosis: Can We Close the Gap?

Background Although advances in care have improved cystic fibrosis (CF) outcomes in higher-income countries (HICs), the situation remains alarming in lower-income countries (LICs). Methods People with CF (pwCF) enrolled in the European Cystic Fibrosis Society Patient Registry (ECFSPR) and carrying at least one F508del variant allele were evaluated in 2017 and in 2022 for predicted percent forced expiratory volume (ppFEV1), underweight status, and chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) infection, according to the gross national income (GNI) per capita divided into three terciles (low-income countries, LICs; middle-income countries, MICs; and high-income countries, HICs). Survival was evaluated in the periods 2013-2017 and 2018-2022.

Age-related change in children's physical activity and sedentary time: The International Children's Accelerometry Database (ICAD).

Background: Many young people fail to achieve the minimum recommended amount of physical activity to benefit their health. Understanding the nature of age-related changes in behaviour and how this varies for population sub-groups is informative for intervention design. The aim of this study was to describe age-related changes in physical activity and sedentary time and examine variability in patterns of change across demographic sub-groups.

Participants' Perspectives on the iCareBreast Mobile-Based Perioperative Care Program for Women Undergoing Breast Cancer Surgery: Qualitative Process Evaluation.

Background: Breast cancer treatment, particularly during the perioperative period, is often accompanied by significant psychological distress, including anxiety and uncertainty. Mobile health (mHealth) interventions have emerged as promising tools to provide timely psychosocial support through convenient, flexible, and personalized platforms. While research has explored the use of mHealth in breast cancer prevention, care management, and survivorship, few studies have examined patients' experiences with mobile interventions during the perioperative phase of breast cancer treatment.

Multiomics Comparison of Proline-Rich Peptide-Enhanced Hyaluronic Acid Gels Versus Conventional Regenerative Materials: An Early Wound-Healing Model.

Aims: To compare the early wound-healing responses to crosslinked hyaluronic acid enriched with two proline-rich peptides (P2, P6) against unmodified hyaluronic acid and the enamel-matrix derivative (EMD) in a porcine gingival-detachment model.

Methods: In six pigs, defects around premolars were treated with HA, HA + P2, HA + P6 or EMD. After 6 days, the sites were harvested and evaluated using histology, immunohistochemistry, multiplex cytokine assay and untargeted proteomics of the gels, which were examined, informing an integrated multiomics approach analysis.

Effectiveness of two vocational interventions on sickness absence and costs for people with musculoskeletal disorders: 12 months results from the MI-NAV multi-arm randomized trial.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess 12-month outcomes on return to work (RTW) and cost-effectiveness in adults on sick leave due to musculoskeletal disorders who were randomized to either usual case management (UC), UC+motivational interviewing (MI) or UC+stratified vocational advice intervention (SVAI).

Methods: The study was conducted in the Norwegian Labor and Welfare Administration (NAV). Workers on sick leave due to musculoskeletal disorders for ≥50% of their contracted work hours for ≥7 consecutive weeks were included.

Similar Outcome With Haploidentical, Matched Sibling, or Matched Unrelated Donor Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Adult Patients With Adverse-Risk TP53-Mutated Acute Myeloid Leukemia in First Remission: A Comparative Study From the Global Committee and the Acute Leukemia Working Party of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation.

Given the dismal prognosis for patients with TP53-mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the optimal donor for those undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) remains unclear. We retrospectively analyzed adult patients with TP53-mutated AML who underwent first allo-HCT in CR1 between 2010 and 2021. Outcomes were compared among using a haploidentical donor (Haplo), a matched sibling donor (MSD), and a 10/10 matched unrelated donor (MUD).

Multiple isolated spinal aneurysms - A rare condition with uncertain treatment strategies: A case report and literature review.

Purpose: Isolated spinal aneurysms (iSAs) are rare, with an uncertain natural history and no established treatment guidelines. Multiple iSAs are even more uncommon, complicating treatment decisions.

Methods: This study reports a case of a ruptured radiculo-pial artery aneurysm in a patient with multiple iSAs, treated with surgical excision, assisted by intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM).

Disability sport profile of Ghana: evolution, policies, politics and participation barriers.

The profile analyses the landscape of disability sport in Ghana, tracing its historical evolution and contemporary challenges. Alongside legislative advancements and the dedication of various stakeholders, an increase in the persons with disability population has been observed. Based on data from the Ghana Statistical Service census, this demographic rose from 737,743 in 2010 to 2,098,138 in 2021, constituting 3% and 8% of the Ghanaian population in those respective years.

Psychology's Questionable Research Fundamentals (QRFs): Key problems in quantitative psychology and psychological measurement beyond Questionable Research Practices (QRPs).

Psychology's crises (e.g., replicability, generalisability) are currently believed to derive from Questionable Research Practices (QRPs), thus scientific misconduct.

Thermal physiology of open water wetsuited swimming: A cohort study.

Swimming in cold water is intrinsically unsafe. One of the threats is a fall in deep-body temperature, which adversely affects all body systems and increases the risk of death. Wetsuits mitigate, but do not negate this threat.

Gender-affirming healthcare in the Nordic countries: An overview.

This narrative review examines gender-affirming healthcare in the Nordic countries, highlighting historical developments, legal frameworks, epidemiological trends, and current clinical practices. Transgender healthcare dates back to the early 20th century and gained international attention in the early 1950s following one of the first widely publicized gender-affirming surgeries performed in Denmark. Since then, care models have evolved, supported by policy, research, and clinical practice across Europe and North America.

Genomic data sharing in research across Europe: legal challenges and upcoming opportunities within the European Health Data Space.

The European Health Data Space (EHDS) will help researchers use health data across EU Member States (MS). Currently, cross-border research faces heterogeneous data access processes. Using a real-world use case, this paper analyses challenges and opportunities brought by the upcoming implementation of the EHDS, assessing the situation before and after the regulation comes into force.

Strengthening population and organizational health literacy to reduce social inequalities within the JA PreventNCD.

Aims: Health literacy is considered a key social determinant of health. It plays an important role in the prevention and management of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), contributing to better health and well-being. Therefore, the overall aim of the health literacy focus (Action) within the European Joint Action to prevent NCDs (JA PreventNCD) is to promote general, digital, mental and organizational health literacy to improve health outcomes and counteract NCD-related health inequities in Europe.

Emerging strategies, applications and challenges of targeting NAD in the clinic.

Beyond their classical functions as redox cofactors, recent fundamental and clinical research has expanded our understanding of the diverse roles of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) in signaling pathways, epigenetic regulation and energy homeostasis. Moreover, NAD and NADP influence numerous diseases as well as the processes of aging, and are emerging as targets for clinical intervention. Here, we summarize safety, bioavailability and efficacy data from NAD-related clinical trials, focusing on aging and neurodegenerative diseases.

Exploring experiences of the regulatory toxicology system: system-level promoters and inhibitors of new approach methodologies.

The transition from traditional animal-based approaches and assessments to New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) marks a scientific revolution in regulatory toxicology, with the potential of enhancing human and environmental protection. However, implementing the effective use of NAMs in regulatory toxicology has proven to be challenging, and so far, efforts to facilitate this change frequently focus on singular technical, psychological or economic inhibitors. This article takes a system-thinking approach to these challenges, a holistic framework for describing interactive relationships between the components of a system of interest.