Guidelines for diagnosing and differentiating infection with antifungal-resistant from other dermatophytoses.

This review attempts to find a crucial set of criteria that can be applied to diagnose infections caused by , based on laboratory and clinical characteristics derived from other studies. has emerged as a new species from the anthropophilic and . The close relationship between and these two species makes it difficult to distinguish them based on morphological and physiological features.

DFT Investigations and Molecular Docking as Potent Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease of Novel Pyrimidine Dione Derivatives.

The global outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 has emerged as a major public health crisis due to its rapid transmission and significant morbidity and mortality rates. In response, there is an urgent need to discover novel antiviral agents targeting key viral proteins. In this study, a new series of pyrimidine-2,4-dione derivatives was synthesized from barbituric acid and its thio analog, aiming to explore their potential inhibitory activity against the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro).

Effect of photothermal therapy using PANI-Fe₂O₃-Cys nanocomposites on breast cancer cells with antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity study.

This study discusses the effect of photothermal therapy using PANI-conductive polymer composites with iron oxide and the amino acid cysteine ​​(Cys) on breast cancer cells. The study focused on the biological and toxicological effects associated with the treatment process and its impact on these cancer cells. The materials were prepared using a very simple chemical oxidation method to produce polymer nanoparticles to which iron and cysteine ​​molecules are attached.

Regenerative strategies for intervertebral disc degeneration.

Low back pain (LBP) is a global health problem, primarily caused by intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. Current treatments focus on symptom relief without addressing the underlying degenerative mechanisms. Regenerative strategies have emerged as promising therapies through the use of functional biomaterials and stem cells capable of modulating key signalling pathways to promote tissue regeneration.

Comparison of Brain Activity between Patients with Parkinson Disease Dementia and Patients Affected by Dementia with Lewy Body through EEG Analysis.

Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) and Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) are two syndromes categorized under synucleinopathy, sharing comparable symptoms. The identification of biomarkers would offer an accurate approach for improved diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of treatment efficacy for these distinct forms of dementia. This study utilized spectral analysis and nonlinear dynamic analysis to compare electroencephalogram (EEG) characteristics between PDD and DLB patients.

Navigating the choices of decision-making in cesarean sections: medical and personal perspectives from a qualitative study in Iraq.

Introduction: cesarean section (CS) rates have risen globally, prompting debates on their necessity and outcomes. This study explores factors affecting decision-making for planned CS in uncomplicated pregnancies, considering both medical and non-medical factors.

Methods: a descriptive qualitative study design was employed from the period June 2022 to December 2022, comprising one-on-one conversations with Karbala midwives and obstetricians.

Expanding the prevalence of -associated skin infection by transmission from humans to animals.

Infection with has been considered an important medical issue in recent times due to the rapid ability of this fungus to develop resistance to different antifungals and its widespread distribution across multiple countries. However, increasing cases of antifungal-resistant infections induce changes in the biological activity of fungi, enabling certain dermatophytes such as to infect both animals and humans. This behaviour has certainly had adverse consequences after expanding the host variety of resistant .

Mechanisms in colistin-resistant superbugs transmissible from veterinary, livestock and animal food products to humans.

In the era of antibiotic resistance, where multidrug-resistant (MDR), extensively drug resistant (XDR), and pan-drug resistant (PDR) Gram-negative infections are prevalent, it is crucial to identify the primary sources of antibiotic resistance, understand resistant mechanisms, and develop strategies to combat these mechanisms. The emergence of resistance to last-resort antibiotics like colistin has sparked a war between humanity and resistant bacteria, leaving humanity struggling to find effective countermeasures. Although colistin is used as a highly toxic antibiotic in infections that are not treated with routine antibiotics, its widespread use in animal breeding and veterinary medicine has contributed to the spread of colistin-resistant bacteria, plasmid-borne colistin resistance genes (), and antibiotic residues in livestock and animal-derived foods.

Scrutiny of the Co-Cytotoxic Impact of Metformin-Omeprazole on the Cervical Cancer Cell Line and Their Aptitude to Target Heat Shock 60.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the simultaneous effect of the metformin-omeprazole combination on inhibiting cervical cancer proliferation. Their ability to target heat shock protein 60.

Methods: The anticancer properties of the metformin-omeprazole combination in cancer treatment were evaluated by employing a cervical cancer cell line (HeLa cell line).

Girls' Self-Esteem and its Association with Self-Stigma toward Obesity.

Background: Obesity among girls can lead to physical, psychological, or social problems. Enhancing self-esteem and reducing self-stigma toward obesity can play a crucial role in girls' health. This study aims to assess girls' self-esteem and its association with self-stigma toward obesity.

The world crisis of terbinafine-resistant Trichophyton indotineae until 2024: do we have enough knowledge?

Dermatophytoses is a well-known name among dermatologists due to its high prevalence among various ages of humans. It is mainly caused by skin-infecting fungi called dermatophytes. From these dermatophytes, is a newly virulent species with high prevalence and multidrug properties.

The 'Epidemic' of violence against junior doctors in Baghdad: reasons, impact and consequences.

Violence against heath care workers in Iraq has reached an 'epidemic' level. It affects health care providers, receivers of care and the health system as a whole. This study aims to explore the reasons and impact of violence against junior doctors in Baghdad city.

Potential Application of Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide (Anti-CCP) for the Diagnosis of Periodontal Disease in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis with Cut-Off Determination.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontal disease (PD) are both characterized by an inflammatory reaction. Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) is a common diagnostic test for RA. Anti-CCP is proposed to be used as a serological biomarker to detect PD in patients with RA.

Efficacy and safety of a combination anti-tumor against breast cancer in the central and south of Iraq.

Objective: Aim: To explore efficacy and safety of combined anti-tumor treatments against breast cancer to help health professionals and decision-makers take strategies to slow the spread of breast cancer and improve women's health.

Patients And Methods: Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was used by various Iraqi governments. The survey was conducted between July 1, 2022 and April 30, 2023.

Evaluating Postoperative Prognosis: A Single Surgeon's Experience With Total Mesorectal Excision in Middle and Lower Rectal Cancer Cases in Iraq.

Introduction: Surgical intervention for rectal cancer is widely recognized for its potential to significantly impact quality of life, chiefly due to the high probability of permanent colostomy and the associated postoperative complications.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the short-term outcomes and morbidity associated with total mesorectal excision for middle and lower rectal cancer within an Iraqi cohort, in a prospective setting.

Methods: This study prospectively collected and analyzed data from 89 patients who underwent a standardized radical rectal resection, with a follow-up period extending to one month post-surgery.

The impact of intermittent fasting during Ramadan on psychomotor and cognitive skills in adolescent athletes.

Introduction: Intermittent fasting (IF) represents a dietary intervention similar to caloric restriction, characterized by the strategic limitation of food consumption. Among the diverse array of practices for IF, Ramadan IF (RIF), a religious observance in Islam, mandates that healthy adult Muslims abstain from both food and drinks during daylight hours. In sports, researchers have extensively studied IF effects on health, including sleep and physical performance, but its impact on cognitive functions during RIF remains understudied.

Precision engineering of nano-assemblies in superfluid helium by the use of van der Waals forces.

The ability to precisely engineer nanostructures underpins a wide range of applications in areas such as electronics, optics, and biomedical sciences. Here we present a novel approach for the growth of nanoparticle assemblies that leverages the unique properties of superfluid helium. Unlike viscous solvents at or near room temperature, superfluid helium provides an unperturbed and cold environment in which weak van der Waals interactions between molecular templates and metal atoms become significant and can define the spatial arrangement of nanoparticles.

Assessment of antimicrobial drugs employed at government-operated hospitals in central and northern provinces of Iraq.

Objective: Aim: To document the clinical patterns of antibiotic prescriptions in government hospitals, where the majority of physicians possess a degree-based training.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: A Retrospective cross section study carried out between 1/7/2022 and April 2023 that enrolling 300 patients from governmental hospitals from different provinces of Central and northern Iraq. The research form contained 15 fields divided into three sections.

Causes and management of Pica disorder among central Iraqi peoples.

Objective: Aim: To find the causes and factors behind the Pica disorder, which helps in early diagnosis and appropriate treatments..

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-section study was carried out between July 1, 2022, and April 20, 2023, enrolling 300 patients from different provinces of central and south Iraq with Pica disease whose diagnosis depended on specialized physicians according to WHO guidelines.

Using cryotherapy, EMLA (eutectic lidocaine/prilocaine) cream, or lidocaine spray to reduce pain during arteriovenous fistula puncture: A randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: In hemodialysis patients, pain associated with needle insertion into an arteriovenous fistula is a physical and psychological problem. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of pre-puncture application of an ice pack, EMLA cream, or lidocaine spray to reduce pain associated with access puncture.

Methods: This was a multicenter study done in nine hemodialysis centers in Iraq.

Beneficial role of amygdalin extracts against animal growth regulator Boldjan induced cardiac toxicity, injury and oxidative stress in male rats.

Millions of individuals have used illicit anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS), but the long-term cardiovascular associations of these drugs remain incompletely understood. Boldjan is AAS medication which is used in veterinary medicine and by young adults aiming to have a better appearance improving their self-esteem. Therefore; the objective of the current investigation was to examine any potential preventative effects of amygdalin extract against anabolic steroid Boldjan induced cardic toxicity, injury and oxidative stress in male rat.

Image dataset of healthy and infected fig leaves with Ficus leaf worm.

This work presents an extensive dataset comprising images meticulously obtained from diverse geographic locations within Iraq, depicting both healthy and infected fig leaves affected by Ficus leafworm. This particular pest poses a significant threat to economic interests, as its infestations often lead to the defoliation of trees, resulting in reduced fruit production. The dataset comprises two distinct classes: infected and healthy, with the acquisition of images executed with precision during the fruiting season, employing state-of-the-art high-resolution equipment, as detailed in the specifications table.