Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Uptake, Toxicity, and Steroidogenesis in Adrenocortical Carcinoma Cells Using a Multicellular in vitro Model.

Introduction: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy with poor prognosis, limited treatment options, and high recurrence rates. Surgery and mitotane-based chemotherapy remain the standard of care, and new treatment strategies are needed. Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) offer promise as theranostic agents due to their modifiability for selective uptake and imaging.

A comparative analysis of gender and racial disparities in acute necrotizing pancreatitis outcomes: Insights from the national inpatient sample database.

Background/objectives: Acute Necrotizing pancreatitis (NP), a severe form of pancreatitis, carries high morbidity and mortality, with outcomes influenced by patient demographics. While prior research highlights disparities in gastrointestinal diseases, the impact of race and gender on NP outcomes remains underexplored. This study evaluates the influence of these demographic factors on in-hospital mortality, complications, length of stay (LOS), and hospitalization costs.

A sensitive and specific non-invasive urine biomarker panel for prostate cancer detection.

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the leading causes of cancer death in men. While prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing is widely used for screening, its diagnostic accuracy is limited, often failing to distinguish between benign and malignant prostate conditions, underscoring the need for novel biomarkers with improved diagnostic performance. This study aimed to identify and validate a panel of urinary RNA biomarkers with improved diagnostic accuracy for PCa.

Influence of Type 2 Diabetes on the Effects of Tirzepatide in Patients With Heart Failure and a Preserved Ejection Fraction With Obesity: A Prespecified Stratification-Based Analysis.

Background: Incretin-based therapies are used to treat type 2 diabetes and obesity, but the presence of diabetes diminishes the magnitude of weight loss produced by these drugs in people with obesity. It is not known whether this attenuated weight change is relevant to the clinical benefits of these drugs in heart failure.

Objectives: The goal of this study was to assess the influence of diabetes on the efficacy and safety of tirzepatide in the SUMMIT trial.

APE1 active site residue Asn174 stabilizes the AP-site and is essential for catalysis.

Apurinic/Apyrimidinic (AP)-sites are common and highly mutagenic DNA lesions that can arise spontaneously or as intermediates during Base Excision Repair (BER). The enzyme apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) initiates repair of AP-sites by cleaving the DNA backbone at the AP-site via its endonuclease activity. Here, we investigated the functional role of the APE1 active site residue N174 that contacts the AP-site during catalysis.

Item selection for the development and validation of a revised classification criteria for adult and juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: MyoROC project.

Objective: A revision of the 2017 EULAR-ACR myositis classification criteria, namely EULAR-ACR funded Myositis Revision of Classification (MyoROC) project, is currently underway involving a large international group of experts. In the first phase of this project, we identified additional items to be tested in the criteria.

Methods: We distributed an electronic survey to International Myositis Assessment and Clinical Studies (IMACS) members to identify new items.

Cell reprogramming in cancer: Interplay of genetic, epigenetic mechanisms, and the tumor microenvironment in carcinogenesis and metastasis.

Cell plasticity, also known as lineage plasticity, refers to the ability of a cell to reprogram and change its phenotypic identity in response to various cues. This phenomenon is context-dependent, playing a crucial role in embryonic development, tissue regeneration, and wound healing. However, when dysregulated, cell plasticity contributes to cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance.

Cardiac rehabilitation and health-related quality of life in preserved ejection fraction heart failure: A meta-analysis.

Aims: The study aims to evaluate the effects of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (ExCR) on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in people with heart failure preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).

Methods: This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis. Six bibliographic databases (Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane CENTRAL and China National Knowledge Infrastructure database) were searched to April 2024 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), involving adults with HFpEF undertaking ExCR compared with no exercise control.

2D Speckle Tracking Strain Echocardiography in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: A Multicenter Analysis From the MUSIC Study.

Background: 2D-speckle tracking echocardiography may help detect subclinical ventricular dysfunction, but data in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) are scarce. We investigated left ventricular (LV) strain parameters in MIS-C and their association with outcomes.

Methods: We performed an ambi-directional, 32-center cohort study on hospitalized MIS-C patients (March 2020-November 2021) with at least 1 echocardiogram read by the Core Lab.

Time to Acute Treatment in Intracerebral Hemorrhage Lags Significantly Behind Ischemic Stroke: A Multicenter, Observational Retrospective Study.

Background: Time-to-treatment goals for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) have substantially improved outcomes, yet similar metrics have not been studied in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), where mortality rates are much higher.

Methods: Multicenter, observational retrospective study of patients with ICH and AIS between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2022, in 11 comprehensive stroke centers across the United States participating in Get With The Guidelines. We included patients with ICH who received antihypertensive therapy and anticoagulation reversal, and patients with AIS requiring intravenous thrombolytic and mechanical thrombectomy.

Comparative efficacy and safety of supine versus prone positioning in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background/aims: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is conventionally performed in the prone position (PP). Recent studies have shown that the supine position (SP) is an effective alternative, with comparable success rates. We conducted a meta-analysis to directly compare the safety and efficacy of the two ERCP positions.

Listhesis and Spinopelvic Inclination of Upper Instrumented Vertebra Region and the Implications on Proximal Junctional Kyphosis.

Study Design: Retrospective analysis of prospective data.

Objective: Evaluate the impact of radiographic and morphologic configuration of the uppermost instrumented vertebrae (UIV) region on proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) rates.

Background: Literature is limited on evaluation of the preoperative landing zone (UIV-1 to UIV +2 levels) and its impact on development of PJK.

"There's a lot of people who love them, so why call 'em junkies?": clinician and patient perspectives about words used to describe people who use drugs.

Background: There is increasing attention in clinician care to the importance of using person-first language. Clinicians' words can reinforce clinicians' pre-existing stigmas and biases. People who use drugs (PWUD) continue to face stigma from clinicians.

Macrophage derived VEGF regulates macrophage senescence to inhibit radiation-induced dermatitis.

Background: Macrophages are essential for maintaining tissue homeostasis and accelerating the repair processes; however, their functionality can be severely compromised in pathological conditions such as radiation-induced dermatitis. In this study we analyzed the role of macrophage derived Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) on regulation of macrophage senescence and its role on radiation-induced skin damage.

Methods: We used bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMɸ) isolated from Csf1r-iCre; VEGF (VEGF-null) and wild-type (WT) mice.

Feasibility of prototype diamond detectors for pulsed UHDR PBS small-field proton dosimetry for proton FLASH experiments.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the responses of prototype diamond detectors under pulsed ultra-high dose rates (UHDR) pencil-beam-scanning (PBS) protons from a compact proton synchrocyclotron (IBA Proteus®ONE) for small-field UHDR dosimetry.

Approach: flashDiamond detectors (fD) were cross-calibrated with their relative proton responses characterized at conventional dose rates (CONV). Then, absolute UHDR dosimetry was performed and small-field response assessed.

Characterization of hydrolase activity in ocular tissues of humans and preclinical species.

Hydrolases in the eye play an important role in the metabolism of ophthalmic drugs, especially those administered locally to the eyes. With the growing interest in peptide-based therapeutics for treating eye disease, it has become increasingly important to characterize the enzymatic activities of ocular tissues against both small molecules and peptides to better understand their ocular metabolism. In this study, we characterized the activities of hydrolases, including carboxylesterase 1 and 2, arylacetamide deacetylase, paraoxonases, cytidine deaminase, fatty-acid amide hydrolase, and peptidases by incubating probe substrates in whole eye homogenates and vitreous humors from human donors and 3 preclinical species, including New Zealand White rabbits, Gottingen minipigs, and Cynomolgus monkeys.

Real-world effectiveness and safety of CDK4/6i in elderly and BIPOC patients with HR+/HER2- advanced/metastatic breast cancer: an updated systematic literature review.

Background And Aim: The HR-positive/HER2-negative (HR+/HER2-) advanced/metastatic breast cancer (a/mBC) treatment landscape has advanced with cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i), yet outcome disparities persist, particularly among older patients and black, indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) communities. Emerging real-world evidence (RWE) since 2021 highlights the need for this updated systematic literature review.

Methods: Searches were conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Databases (07/06/2019-01/09/2024) and key congress proceedings (2020-2024).

Imaging in Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Comprehensive Pictorial Essay.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare but life-threatening condition characterized by excessive immune activation, resulting in severe systemic inflammation and multiorgan failure. This pictorial essay presents an overview of HLH imaging findings, accompanied by a discussion of pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment approaches. Imaging is crucial in diagnosing and monitoring HLH by identifying key features, such as splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, and central nervous system (CNS) involvement.

Timely resection of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma following embolization for uncontrolled acute epistaxis case report.

Uncontrolled epistaxis in patients with juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma requires prompt intervention. When embolization is required, neovascularization can occur, making expedited surgical resection essential. We conducted a single-institution, retrospective review of one patient.

Trauma Whipple at a community level 1 trauma center: a case report.

The Whipple operation is oftentimes considered one of the most challenging and complex abdominal operations, usually reserved for duodenal and hepatopancreatobiliary malignancies. In cases of duodenal and/or pancreatic trauma with disruption of the biliary systems, a Whipple reconstruction can be performed. Such operative traumas are rare and carry with them a high level of morbidity and mortality.

Corrigendum to 'SCAI Expert Consensus Statement on Alternative Access for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement' [Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions 4 (2025) 102514].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.jscai.

Multilevel and multidimensional features of socioeconomic status and cognitive function in older adulthood: a cross-sectional analysis of the IGNITE study.

Background: Lower socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with increased risk of cognitive decline and dementia, yet reliance on singular indicators of SES limits understanding of these relationships. We examined multiple SES characteristics at the individual and area-levels simultaneously in association with diverse cognitive processes in a large, community-dwelling older adult sample.

Methods: Data collected at three United States sites (Boston, Pittsburgh, Kansas City) included a comprehensive cognitive assessment comprising measures of episodic memory, executive function, processing speed, working memory, and visuospatial abilities.