Item selection for the development and validation of a revised classification criteria for adult and juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: MyoROC project.

Objective: A revision of the 2017 EULAR-ACR myositis classification criteria, namely EULAR-ACR funded Myositis Revision of Classification (MyoROC) project, is currently underway involving a large international group of experts. In the first phase of this project, we identified additional items to be tested in the criteria.

Methods: We distributed an electronic survey to International Myositis Assessment and Clinical Studies (IMACS) members to identify new items.

Extensive cytoreductive surgery in stage IV ovarian cancer may not be a justified treatment strategy.

Background: Complete macroscopic surgical cytoreduction improves survival in advanced ovarian cancer. However, our previous results suggest that the survival benefits of aggressive surgery to achieve complete macroscopic resection may vary across different subgroups. This study aimed to identify a potential poor-prognosis subgroup among patients with complete macroscopic resection.

The trajectory of conditional, recurrence-free, and long-term survival in a complete 10-year cohort of patients with advanced ovarian cancer.

Background: The prognosis in advanced ovarian cancer is generally poor since the majority experience recurrence. Nevertheless, there is a chance of cure and very long-term survival may be achieved. However, traditional survival metrics do not account for the dynamic changes in prognosis over time.

Dietary inflammation and childhood adiposity: Analysis of individual participant data from six birth cohorts.

Background & Aims: Childhood adiposity and inflammation impact long-term health. However, associations between dietary inflammation and childhood adiposity are unclear. We investigated if more pro-inflammatory diets are associated with greater adiposity in early-, mid-, and late-childhood.

Single-blinded, randomised, parallel-group, controlled trial comparing the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of therapist- and self-guided internet-delivered behavioural activation versus treatment as usual for adolescents with mild to moderate depression: study protocol.

Introduction: The number of adolescents seeking professional help for depression is increasing and, despite advances in treatment, large unmet treatment needs remain. In the current protocol, we describe the design and methodology of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate the clinical efficacy of two forms of internet-delivered behavioural activation (I-BA), with and without therapist support, in reducing depressive symptoms, compared with treatment as usual (TAU). Secondary objectives include examining the 12-month maintenance of the treatment effects and conducting a health economic evaluation of the interventions.

A randomized controlled add-on trial of fluoxetine and cognitive behavioral therapy for help-seeking men with a sexual interest in children: presentation of the PARACHUTES trial protocol and initial feasibility data.

Background: Sexual Interest in Children (SIC) is a major risk factor for sexual offending, yet clinical trials are sparse. The present protocol outlines a randomized controlled trial (RCT) that aims to investigate the effectiveness of fluoxetine and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in help-seeking men with SIC.

Methods: Adult men contacting the Swedish telephone helpline PrevenTell are screened for inclusion and invited to further assessment on site.

Which compartments of the optic nerve and its sheath are associated with intracranial pressure? An exploratory study.

Background And Purpose: The optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) is a commonly used estimate of intracranial pressure (ICP). The rationale behind this is that pressure changes in the cerebrospinal fluid affect the optic nerve subarachnoid space (ONSAS) thickness. Still, possible effects on other compartments of the optic nerve sheath (ONS) have not been studied.

Long-term risk of neoplastic events after childhood growth hormone treatment: a population-based cohort study in Sweden.

Background: Increased risk of neoplastic events after recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) treatment in childhood has been an ongoing concern but long-term safety data are limited.

Methods: A nationwide population-based cohort study in Sweden of patients treated with rhGH during childhood between 1985-2010, due to isolated growth hormone deficiency (GHD), small for gestational age (SGA) and idiopathic short stature (ISS). The comparison group consisted of 15 age-, sex-, and region-matched controls per patient, randomly selected from the general population.

Performance of the 2017 EULAR/ACR Classification Criteria for adult and juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathies and their major subgroups: a scoping review.

The 2017 EULAR/ACR classification criteria for adult/juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) were established using a data-driven approach by an international group of myositis experts to allow classification of IIM and its major subtypes. Since their publication, the performance of the criteria has been tested in multiple cohorts worldwide and significant limitations have been identified. Moreover, the understanding and classification of IIM have evolved since 2017.

Risk of Venous Thromboembolic Events After Surgery for Cancer.

Importance: The risks and benefits of thromboprophylaxis therapy after cancer surgery are debated. Studies that determine thrombosis risk after cancer surgery with high accuracy are needed.

Objectives: To evaluate 1-year risk of venous thromboembolic events after major cancer surgery and how these events vary over time.

Risk of Postoperative Ischemic Stroke and Myocardial Infarction in Patients Operated for Cancer.

Background: Risk assessment for ischemic stroke (IS) and myocardial infarction (MI) is done routinely before surgery, but the increase in risks associated with surgery is not known. The aim of this study is to assess the risk of arterial ischemic events during the first year after oncological surgery.

Methods: We used Swedish healthcare databases to identify 443,300 patients who underwent cancer surgery between 1987 and 2016 and 4,127,761 matched comparison subjects.

Joint association of air pollution exposure and inflammation-related proteins in relation to infant lung function.

Background And Aim: Systemic inflammation is one potential mechanism underlying negative impact of air pollution on lung function. Levels of inflammation-related proteins have the potential to characterize infants' susceptibility to air pollution induced lung function impairment. This study aimed to examine the interplay between air pollution exposure and inflammation-related proteins on lung function in 6-months-old infants.

Multisite assessment of reproducibility in high-content cell migration imaging data.

High-content image-based cell phenotyping provides fundamental insights into a broad variety of life science disciplines. Striving for accurate conclusions and meaningful impact demands high reproducibility standards, with particular relevance for high-quality open-access data sharing and meta-analysis. However, the sources and degree of biological and technical variability, and thus the reproducibility and usefulness of meta-analysis of results from live-cell microscopy, have not been systematically investigated.

Prediction of conditional survival in esophageal cancer in a population-based cohort study.

Background: The authors aimed to produce a prediction model for survival at any given date after surgery for esophageal cancer (conditional survival), which has not been done previously.

Materials And Methods: Using joint density functions, the authors developed and validated a prediction model for all-cause and disease-specific mortality after surgery with esophagectomy, for esophageal cancer, conditional on postsurgery survival time. The model performance was assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and risk calibration, with internal cross-validation.

A prognostic model for predicting the duration of 20,049 sickness absence spells due to shoulder lesions in a population-based cohort in Sweden.

Main Objective: Sickness absence duration for shoulder lesion patients is difficult to prognosticate, and scientific evidence for the sick-listing practice is lacking. Our objective was to develop a clinically implementable prediction model for the duration of a sickness absence spell due to shoulder lesions.

Methods: All new sickness absence spells due to shoulder lesions (ICD-10-code: M75) issued in the period January 2010-June 2012 that were longer than 14 days were identified through the nationwide sickness absence insurance register.

Improved prediction of 10-year risk of severe liver disease in the general population using commonly available biomarkers.

Background: Estimating the risk for cirrhosis in the general population is complex. Existing prediction tools are in general unsatisfactory.

Aims: To explore if using commonly available biomarkers can improve the commonly used FIB-4 score in the identification of subgroups at risk of cirrhosis.

Plasticity of Individual Lung Function States from Childhood to Adulthood.

Recent evidence highlights the importance of optimal lung development during childhood for health throughout life. To explore the plasticity of individual lung function states during childhood. Prebronchodilator FEV -scores determined at age 8, 16, and 24 years in the Swedish population-based birth cohort BAMSE (Swedish abbreviation for Child [Barn], Allergy, Milieu, Stockholm, Epidemiological study) ( = 3,069) were used.

Ambient air pollution and inflammation-related proteins during early childhood.

Background And Aim: Experimental studies show that short-term exposure to air pollution may alter cytokine concentrations. There is, however, a lack of epidemiological studies evaluating the association between long-term air pollution exposure and inflammation-related proteins in young children. Our objective was to examine whether air pollution exposure is associated with inflammation-related proteins during the first 2 years of life.

Alcohol as a risk factor for mortality in liver transplant patients in Sweden.

Objectives: Liver transplantation (LT) is the only available cure for end-stage liver disease and one of the best treatment options for hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC). Patients with known alcohol-associated cirrhosis (AC) are routinely assessed for alcohol dependence or abuse before LT. Patients with other liver diseases than AC may consume alcohol both before and after LT.

Modeling sign concordance of quantile regression residuals with multiple outcomes.

Quantile regression permits describing how quantiles of a scalar response variable depend on a set of predictors. Because a unique definition of multivariate quantiles is lacking, extending quantile regression to multivariate responses is somewhat complicated. In this paper, we describe a simple approach based on a two-step procedure: in the first step, quantile regression is applied to each response separately; in the second step, the joint distribution of the signs of the residuals is modeled through multinomial regression.