Purification, Characterization, and Application of Endoglucanase from Rhizopus oryzae as Antibiofilm Agent.

The enzyme endoglucanase is responsible for the depolymerization of cellulose. This study focuses on characterization and purification of endoglucanase from Rhizopus oryzae MTCC 9642 through a simple size exclusion method and its effective application as an antibiofilm agent. Extracellular ß-1,4-endoglucanase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of carboxymethyl cellulose, was found to be synthesized by Rhizopus oryzae MTCC 9642.

Phytochemical-conjugated bio-safe gold nanoparticles in breast cancer: a comprehensive update.

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women and is rated among one of the three common malignancies worldwide in combination with colon and lung cancer. The escalating mortality rate of breast cancer patients has captivated the attention of the present-day researchers to come up with new management options. According to WHO, early detection, timely diagnosis and comprehensive breast cancer management are the three cornerstones for controlling breast cancer incidences per year.

A Comparative Analysis of Heavy Metal Effects on Medicinal Plants.

Popularity of herbal drugs has always been in high demand, but recently it has been increasing all over the world, especially in India, because of the lower range of adverse health effects as compared to synthetic or man-made drugs. Not only this but their cost-effectiveness and easy availability to the poor people and the masses, particularly in developing countries, are major causes for their demand. But there lies a huge problem during the process of plant collection that affects their medicinal properties to certain degrees.

Chloroplast Engineering: Fundamental Insights and Its Application in Amelioration of Environmental Stress.

Chloroplasts are specialized organelle that are responsible for converting light energy to chemical energy, thereby driving the carbon dioxide fixation. Apart from photosynthesis, chloroplast is the site for essential cellular processes that determine the plant adaptation to changing environment. Owing to the presence of their own expression system, it provides an optimum platform for engineering valued traits as well as site for synthesis of bio-compounds.

Progeria-a Rare Genetic Condition with Accelerated Ageing Process.

Progeria is a rare genetic disease which is characterised by accelerated ageing and reduced life span. There are differing types of progeria, but the classic type is Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS). Within a year of birth, people suffering from it start showing several features such as very low weight, scleroderma, osteoporosis and loss of hair.

Effective Image Processing and Segmentation-Based Machine Learning Techniques for Diagnosis of Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death among women, behind only heart disease. However, despite the high incidence and mortality rates associated with breast cancer, it is still unclear as to what is responsible for its development in the first place. The prevention of breast cancer is not possible with any of the current available methods.

Art of breaking bad news: A qualitative study in Indian healthcare perspective.

Background: Health-care communication is essential for amiable provider-recipient relationship. This study explored various health-care experiences and expectations of service recipients and providers in private clinical establishments of West Bengal, India, while breaking difficult news, bad news, and death.

Aim: The current study was framed with the following research question: What are the varying perceptions, experiences, and expectations of healthcare recipients and their providers while seeking/delivering support in situations of breaking bad news and communications on death?

Materials And Methods: The data were collected through individual in-depth interviews-31 respondents that included 16 patients and their families (recipient) and 15 medical practitioners (provider).

A fuzzy distance-based ensemble of deep models for cervical cancer detection.

Background And Objective: Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of women's death. Like any other disease, cervical cancer's early detection and treatment with the best possible medical advice are the paramount steps that should be taken to ensure the minimization of after-effects of contracting this disease. PaP smear images are one the most effective ways to detect the presence of such type of cancer.

In Situ Reactivity of Electrochemically Generated Nitro Radical Anion on Tinidazole and Its Monomeric and Dimeric Cu Complexes on Model Biological Targets with Relative Manifestation of Preventing Bacterial Biofilm Formation.

Formation of nitro radical anion (-NO ) and other reduction products of 5-nitroimidazoles, although important for antimicrobial activity, makes the drugs neurotoxic. Hence, an appropriate generation and their role in the free radical pathway needs proper realization. This was attempted by studying the action of tinidazole and its Cu complexes on model targets (nucleic acid bases and calf thymus DNA).

Assessing a Medicinally Important Common Indian Weed Growing in the Arsenic-Affected Areas of West Bengal, India, Considering Its Impact on Human Health.

Euphorbia hirta is used traditionally for medicinal purposes. A vast stretch of land in West Bengal is arsenic affected, where agricultural activities present the hazard of arsenic entering the food chain putting the entire community at health risk. The present work tried to study if these areas could be safely utilized to grow this medicinal plant.

Phytocompound Mediated Blockage of Quorum Sensing Cascade in ESKAPE Pathogens.

Increased resistance of , , , , , and sp. (ESKAPE) pathogens against various drugs has enhanced the urge for the development of alternate therapeutics. Quorum sensing (QS) is a density dependent cell-to-cell communication mechanism responsible for controlling pathogenicity with the regulation of gene expression.

Breast cancer detection from thermal images using a Grunwald-Letnikov-aided Dragonfly algorithm-based deep feature selection method.

Breast cancer is one of the deadliest diseases in women and its incidence is growing at an alarming rate. However, early detection of this disease can be life-saving. The rapid development of deep learning techniques has generated a great deal of interest in the medical imaging field.

A Novel Approach to Classifying Breast Cancer Histopathology Biopsy Images Using Bilateral Knowledge Distillation and Label Smoothing Regularization.

Breast cancer is the most common invasive cancer in women and the second main cause of cancer death in females, which can be classified benign or malignant. Research and prevention on breast cancer have attracted more concern of researchers in recent years. On the other hand, the development of data mining methods provides an effective way to extract more useful information from complex databases, and some prediction, classification, and clustering can be made according to the extracted information.

A deep learning model for classifying human facial expressions from infrared thermal images.

The analysis of human facial expressions from the thermal images captured by the Infrared Thermal Imaging (IRTI) cameras has recently gained importance compared to images captured by the standard cameras using light having a wavelength in the visible spectrum. It is because infrared cameras work well in low-light conditions and also infrared spectrum captures thermal distribution that is very useful for building systems like Robot interaction systems, quantifying the cognitive responses from facial expressions, disease control, etc. In this paper, a deep learning model called IRFacExNet (InfraRed Facial Expression Network) has been proposed for facial expression recognition (FER) from infrared images.

Breast Cancer Calcifications: Identification Using a Novel Segmentation Approach.

Breast cancer is a strong risk factor of cancer amongst women. One in eight women suffers from breast cancer. It is a life-threatening illness and is utterly dreadful.

Automated Detection and Diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy: A Comprehensive Survey.

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss in the world. In the past few years, artificial intelligence (AI) based approaches have been used to detect and grade DR. Early detection enables appropriate treatment and thus prevents vision loss.

Calmodulin7: recent insights into emerging roles in plant development and stress.

Analyses of the function of Arabidopsis Calmodulin7 (CAM7) in concert with multiple regulatory proteins involved in various signal transduction processes. Calmodulin (CaM) plays various regulatory roles in multiple signaling pathways in eukaryotes. Arabidopsis CALMODULIN 7 (CAM7) is a unique member of the CAM family that works as a transcription factor in light signaling pathways.

Huntington's Chorea-a Rare Neurodegenerative Autosomal Dominant Disease: Insight into Molecular Genetics, Prognosis and Diagnosis.

Huntington's disease is a neurodegenerative autosomal disease results due to expansion of polymorphic CAG repeats in the huntingtin gene. Phosphorylation of the translation initiation factor 4E-BP results in the alteration of the translation control leading to unwanted protein synthesis and neuronal function. Consequences of mutant huntington (mhtt) gene transcription are not well known.

Microbial Fabrication of Nanomaterial and Its Role in Disintegration of Exopolymeric Matrices of Biofilm.

Bacterial biofilms are responsible for the development of various chronic wound-related and implant-mediated infections and confer protection to the pathogenic bacteria against antimicrobial drugs and host immune responses. Hence, biofilm-mediated chronic infections have created a tremendous burden upon healthcare systems worldwide. The development of biofilms upon the surface of medical implants has resulted in the failure of various implant-based surgeries and therapies.

Antibiofilm and anti-quorum sensing activities of eugenol and linalool from Ocimum tenuiflorum against Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm.

Aims: The aim of this study is to determine the ability of two bioactive compounds, namely, eugenol and linalool, purified from leaves of Ocimum tenuiflorum for eradication of biofilm produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Methods And Results: The phytoextract of O. tenuiflorum (KT), a common ethno-botanical plant of India, was purified through high-performance liquid chromatography and was analysed using ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

RNAi Technology and Investigation on Possible Vaccines to Combat SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, taking place globally, occurs as a result of the SARS-CoV-2 viral infection which has caused death of innumerable numbers of people and is responsible for a massive drop in the global economy. Millions of people are infected, and the death rate is also quite high in different countries. So, there is an urgent requirement of the invention of some effective and efficient drugs that can be effective against this deadly viral infection.

Flavonoid-Decorated Nano-gold for Antimicrobial Therapy Against Gram-negative Bacteria Escherichia coli.

Nano-gold (Aunps) have emerged as promising options that exhibit unique features discrete from traditional materials suited for biomedical applications. Aunps were synthesized using flavonoid quercetin (Q) as reducing agent, and resultant nanoparticles were further conjugated with the flavonoid. The resultant nano-system was expected to perform a dual role as antibacterial and as antioxidant agent.

Lactoferrin-tethered betulinic acid nanoparticles promote rapid delivery and cell death in triple negative breast and laryngeal cancer cells.

Cancer management presents multifarious problems. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with inaccurate prognosis and limited chemotherapeutic options. Betulinic acid (BA) prevents angiogenesis and causes apoptosis of TNBC cells.

Mesoporous carbon nanospheres derived from agro-waste as novel antimicrobial agents against gram-negative bacteria.

Porous carbon nanospheres were synthesized from agro-waste garlic peels by a one-pot facile and easy to scale-up pyrolysis method. Surface morphology and structural features of the nanospheres have been studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and N adsorption desorption experiments were explored to detect surface functionality, surface area, and porosity.