"Weekend warrior" physical activity pattern and risk of incident cancer.

Purpose: To investigate the associations between different physical activity patterns, including "weekend warrior" (WW) (i.e. most weekly moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) achieved over 1-2 days)) and regular (MVPA spread more evenly) patterns with the risk of incident cancers.

The role of intrinsic capacity in predicting cancer mortality - Evidence from the UK Biobank.

Aim: To examine the association between intrinsic capacity and cancer mortality in middle-aged and older adults.

Methods: We analysed a prospective cohort of 443,130 participants from the UK Biobank, with seven biomarkers reflecting the level of functioning in five domains of intrinsic capacity to calculate an overall score (ranging from 0 [better] to +4 [poor]). Associations between intrinsic capacity scores and mortality from any type of cancer (censored as of December 31, 2022) were estimated using Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for multiple potential confounders.

Acute myeloid leukemia: a comprehensive update.

Purpose Of Review: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a biologically diverse disease that has undergone significant transformation in recent years. The rapid pace of discovery in molecular genetics, disease classification, and therapeutic development has reshaped how we approach diagnosis and treatment. This review aims to provide a timely and relevant synthesis of these advances, offering clinicians and researchers an updated perspective on AML as of 2025.

Spontaneous Resolution of Molar Tissue in Complete Hydatidiform Mole With a Coexisting Fetus.

Background: Complete hydatidiform mole with a coexisting fetus (CMCF) is a rare form of twin pregnancy associated with high maternal and perinatal risks, posing complex diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. The standard approach ranges from termination of pregnancy to conservative management to fetal viability. Recent evidence suggests that spontaneous regression of molar tissue may occur, supporting conservative treatment in selected cases.

Factors associated with socioeconomic inequalities in the use of dental services among Brazilian older adults: an Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition analysis.

Background: The use of dental services is low among older adults, particularly among vulnerable or disadvantaged groups from various countries. Nonetheless, there is a gap in the literature regarding the factors that contribute to inequalities in the use of dental services. This study aimed to evaluate socioeconomic inequalities in recent and preventive use of dental services among older adults in Brazil and evaluate the factors contributing to these inequalities.

Cryopreserved Total Skin Allografts From Living Donors for Complex Wound Management: A New Paradigm in Regenerative Wound Care.

Skin allografts are essential in managing complex wounds, yet their availability is limited by low post-mortem donation rates. Skin harvested during body contouring surgeries offers a novel and sustainable source to expand tissue supply. We conducted a retrospective descriptive study at the Tarapacá Skin and Tissue Bank from January 2022 to December 2024.

Hidden findings: How often does Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) uncover prostate cancer?

Purpose: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common condition with an increasing prevalence that parallels aging. Surgical procedures involving removal of the prostate can lead to detection of incidental prostate cancer (iPCa). Following holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP), the incidence of such cases ranges from 5.

L. Essential Oil Mitigates Palmitic Acid-Induced Impairments in Insulin Signaling and Glucose Uptake in Human Adipocytes.

: Obesity is associated with insulin resistance (IR) and characterized by impaired activation of the PI3K/AKT route and glucose uptake. Elevated plasma levels of palmitic acid (PA) diminish insulin signaling in vitro and in vivo. L.

Synovial Fluid Biomarker Profile After Intra-Articular Administration of Neosaxitoxin in Horses: A Feasibility Study.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is an inflammatory joint disease and the leading cause of musculoskeletal disability affecting human and veterinary patients. New therapeutics halting inflammation while preserving joint homeostasis remain a critical need. Voltage-gated sodium (NaV) channels regulate the pro-inflammatory response of macrophages in the synovium, the central driver of joint homeostasis.

Neonatal Handling Positively Modulates Anxiety, Sensorimotor Gating, Working Memory, and Cortico-Hippocampal Neuroplastic Adaptations in Two Genetically Selected Rat Strains Differing in Emotional and Cognitive Traits.

: The bidirectional selection of the Roman low- (RLA) and Roman high-avoidance (RHA) rat strains for extremely slow vs. very rapid acquisition of the two-way (shuttle-box) avoidance response has generated two divergent phenotypic profiles: RHA rats exhibit a behavioural pattern and gene expression profile in the frontal cortex and hippocampus (HPC) that are relevant to social and attentional/cognitive schizophrenia-linked symptoms; on the other hand, RLA rats display phenotypic traits linked to increased anxiety and sensitivity to stress-induced depression-like behaviours. The present studies aimed to evaluate the enduring and potentially positive effects of neonatal handling-stimulation (NH) on the traits differentiating these two strains of rats.

Climate change anxiety in the scientific community: an exploratory study with Chilean climate change-related scholars.

Background: Eco-anxiety or climate change anxiety can be defined as a chronic fear of environmental doom that for some people might trigger clinical psychological issues. Although the study of this phenomenon is growing, there is not much understanding of the psychological consequences that studying climate change can have on scholars who are overexposed to information that is generally full of negative projections. This study aims at exploring to what extent continued exposure to scientific information about climate change affects those who research it.

Can Frontal Assessment Battery Discriminate between Patients with Alzheimer's and Frontotemporal Dementia?

Objectives: The Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) is a widely used tool for assessing executive function. However, its ability to distinguish between Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD) and behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) remains under debate. This study assessed the diagnostic utility of the Chilean version of the FAB (FAB-Ch) in differentiating ADD from bvFTD and used data-driven cluster analysis to explore dysexecutive profiles.

Neurocognitive Impairment in Inherited Metabolic Disorders due to Intoxication and Energy Defects: A Systematic Review.

Inherited metabolic disorders (IMD) can disrupt brain development and functioning, leading to cognitive and behavioral abnormalities. This systematic review aims to provide a comprehensive synthesis of the evidence regarding neurocognitive impairments in intoxication IMD due to the accumulation of small molecule disorders and energy-related IMD. A search was conducted in the PubMed database until August 2024, using the term "cognition" and up to 421 energy-related IMD and 196 intoxication IMD.

Baseline Clinical Characterization of Participants in the Accelerating Medicines Partnership Schizophrenia Program.

Background: This paper focuses on the baseline clinical characterization of the participants in the Accelerating Medicines Partnership Schizophrenia (AMP SCZ) program. The AMP SCZ program is designed to investigate a wide array of clinical variables and biomarkers in a total of 2040 clinical high-risk (CHR) participants and 652 community control (CC) participants.

Methods: The dataset analyzed includes 1642 individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis and 519 CCs.

Sample Ascertainment and Recruitment Sources in the Accelerating Medicines Partnership Schizophrenia Program.

Background: This paper presents the recruitment sources of clinical high-risk (CHR) and community controls (CC) from the Accelerating Medicines Partnership Schizophrenia (AMP SCZ) program, which aims to study various clinical variables and biomarkers in 2040 CHR and 652 CC participants.

Methods: A total of 1640 CHR and 514 CC had recruitment source data. The Positive Symptoms and Diagnostic Criteria for the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States Harmonized with the SIPS was utilized to assess CHR criteria and severity of attenuated psychotic symptoms (APSs), and the Global Functioning: Social Scale was used for social functioning.

Profiling the Bacterial Microbiome Across Peri-Implant Conditions.

Aim: To comprehensively characterise the bacterial microbiome in peri-implant health, peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis.

Materials And Methods: A re-analysis of raw microbiome data was performed from 15 studies, which were finally selected based on the availability of 16S rRNA sequencing. Reads were pre-processed using mothur and classified using the HOMD database.

Reference Values for the Five-Repetition Sit-to-Stand Test in the Adult Chilean Population.

Unlabelled: The five-repetition STS test (5-STS) is a field test utilized for evaluating physical function, primarily assessing the risk of falls, and is also included as a component in other assessments, such as the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). This test proves to be easily implementable and of significant clinical utility; however, no reference values are currently available for the Chilean population.

Aim: To establish reference values for the 5-STS in the adult Chilean population.

Live-Attenuated Intranasal RSV Vaccine in Infants and Toddlers.

Background: RSV/ΔNS2/Δ1313/I1314L (RSVt) (Sanofi) is a candidate live-attenuated intranasal respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine for infants and toddlers.

Methods: This phase I/II randomized clinical trial, conducted at sites in the United States (N=22), Chile (N=2), and Honduras (N=2), enrolled participants 6-18 months of age in four cohorts. In cohort 4, the primary cohort reported in this article, participants were randomly assigned to receive vaccinations on days 0 and 56 of either low-dose (LD) RSVt, high-dose (HD) RSVt, or placebo.

Octodon degus: a natural animal model of aging and Alzheimer's disease.

The study of aging and age-related diseases has traditionally focused on short-lived laboratory species such as mice. The common degu () is a long-lived rodent species native to Chile that naturally develops neuropathology and behavioral deficits characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease together with other comorbidities associated with aging. These characteristics make the degu a useful model to gain insights into the interaction of aging and neurodegeneration.

Incidence of Congenital Hypothyroidism Is Increasing in Chile.

Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is a leading preventable cause of neurocognitive impairment. Its incidence appears to be rising in several countries. We analysed 27 years of newborn-screening data (1997-2023) from the largest Chilean screening centre, covering 3,225,216 newborns (51.

Prognostic Value of Baseline Muscle Strength for Functional Recovery after Rotator Cuff Repair: An Observational Study.

Background: Although arthroscopic surgery restores tendon integrity and shoulder mechanics, the persistence of symptoms in some patients highlights the need to identify factors that influence rehabilitation outcomes. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between baseline muscle strength, assessed at the start of rehabilitation (6 weeks postoperatively), and clinical recovery at three and six months in patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.

Methods: From 2023 to 2024, a total of 76 participants undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair were recruited consecutively and prospectively.

Updating the classification and routine diagnosis of NSAID hypersensitivity reactions: A WAO Statement.

Hypersensitivity reactions to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been classified as immediate (or acute) and delayed. Immediate reactions can be further classified into 4 clinical types: NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD), NSAID-exacerbated cutaneous disease (NECD), NSAID-induced urticaria/angioedema (NIUA), and single NSAID-induced urticaria/angioedema/anaphylaxis (SNIUAA). Specifically, the NIUA type references reactions to ≥2 NSAIDs belonging to different chemical groups, involving urticaria and/or angioedema in patients with no underlying chronic spontaneous urticaria.

Correction: Applying the Nova food classification to food product databases using discriminative ingredients: a methodological proposal.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.

Physical and chemical approaches to tailor 2D coating/substrate adhesion - Experimental and theoretical insights.

Two-dimensional materials have been extensively studied due to their superior electrical, thermal, optical and mechanical properties, while the latter creates an enormous potential in tribology, especially when utilized as solid lubricant coatings. However, their usage as solid lubricant coatings under applied conditions remains scarce and challenging due to a limited quality of the coatings/substrate interface and lack of adhesion, thus inducing excessive wear as well as increasing friction and compromising durability/reliability. To enhance the performance of 2D coatings and bridge the gap between lab-tests and applied conditions (real-world applications), it is crucial to improve their substrate adhesion, facilitating the transition from a potential to tangible usage of 2D materials in tribology.