Origin Traceability of Chinese Mitten Crab () Using Multi-Stable Isotopes and Explainable Machine Learning.

The Chinese mitten crab () industry is currently facing the challenges of origin fraud, as well as a lack of precision and interpretability of existing traceability methods. Here, we propose a high-precision origin traceability method based on a combination of stable isotope analysis and interpretable machine learning. We sampled Chinese mitten crabs from six origins representing diverse aquatic environments and farming practices, and analyzed their C, N, H, and O stable isotope compositions in different sexes and tissues (hepatopancreas, muscle, and gonad).

Characterization of potential bioactive molecules in Fissistigma polyanthum using UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS-based metabolomics integrated with chemometrics approaches.

Fissistigma polyanthum is a renowned medicinal plant traditionally used by over 10 ethnic groups in China to treat various ailments, including inflammation. However, research on its chemical composition and bioactivity remains limited. This study investigated the chemical profiles and biological activities across different parts of F.

Simultaneous Determination of Six Acidic Herbicides and Metabolites in Plant Origin Matrices by QuEChERS-UPLC-MS/MS.

This study presents a method for the simultaneous determination of six acidic herbicides and their metabolites in various matrices, including fruits, vegetables, grains, and edible oils. The method employs acidified acetonitrile extraction combined with dispersive solid-phase extraction cleanup (dSPE) using MgSO, Florisil, and Graphitized carbon black (GCB). The analysis was performed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) with electrospray ionization (ESI) in both positive and negative modes using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM).

Effectiveness of Different Organic Solvent Additions to Water Samples for Reducing the Adsorption Effects of Organic Pesticides Using Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry.

This study systematically investigated the effect of organic solvent addition on the detection signal intensity of 15 organic pesticides in water using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS). The analysis of chromatographic peak area ratios in ultrapure water (UPW) versus 30% methanol (MeOH)-UPW showed that the adsorption effects (AEs, mainly from injection vials with weaker polarity) were the main factor influencing the detection intensity of the organic pesticides. The AEs varied with pesticide type and concentration, especially for those with high logK values and longer retention times, such as malathion, triadimefon, prometryn, S-metolachlor, diazinon, and profenofos.

Simultaneous and High-Throughput Analytical Strategy of 30 Fluorinated Emerging Pollutants Using UHPLC-MS/MS in the Shrimp Aquaculture System.

This study established novel and high-throughput strategies for the simultaneous analysis of 30 fluorinated emerging pollutants in different matrices from the shrimp aquaculture system in eastern China using UHPLC-MS/MS. The parameters of SPE for analysis of water samples and of QuEChERS methods for sediment and shrimp samples were optimized to allow the simultaneous detection and quantitation of 17 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and 13 fluoroquinolones (FQs). Under the optimal conditions, the limits of detection of 30 pollutants for water, sediment, and shrimp samples were 0.