Roadmap for Photonics with 2D Materials.

Triggered by advances in atomic-layer exfoliation and growth techniques, along with the identification of a wide range of extraordinary physical properties in self-standing films consisting of one or a few atomic layers, two-dimensional (2D) materials such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), and other van der Waals (vdW) crystals now constitute a broad research field expanding in multiple directions through the combination of layer stacking and twisting, nanofabrication, surface-science methods, and integration into nanostructured environments. Photonics encompasses a multidisciplinary subset of those directions, where 2D materials contribute remarkable nonlinearities, long-lived and ultraconfined polaritons, strong excitons, topological and chiral effects, susceptibility to external stimuli, accessibility, robustness, and a completely new range of photonic materials based on layer stacking, gating, and the formation of moiré patterns. These properties are being leveraged to develop applications in electro-optical modulation, light emission and detection, imaging and metasurfaces, integrated optics, sensing, and quantum physics across a broad spectral range extending from the far-infrared to the ultraviolet, as well as enabling hybridization with spin and momentum textures of electronic band structures and magnetic degrees of freedom.

A cognitive multiplex network approach to investigate mental navigation and predict high-level cognition.

High-level cognition, such as intelligence and creativity, are considered the hallmark of human cognition; however, their complexity hinders the identification of underlying common mechanisms. We focus on one such likely mechanism-mental navigation. We utilize converging computational methods to demonstrate how mental navigation-operationalized via verbal fluency tasks-predicts individual differences in creativity, intelligence, and openness to experience (the personality trait most closely related to them).

Quantum particle statistics in classical shallow water waves.

We present a new hydrodynamic analogy of nonrelativistic quantum particles in potential wells. Similarities between a real variant of the Schrödinger equation and gravity-capillary shallow water waves are reported and analyzed. We show that when locally oscillating particles are guided by real wave gradients, particles may exhibit trajectories of alternating periodic or chaotic dynamics while increasing the wave potential.

A founder variant in TBCB is associated with global developmental delay, autism spectrum and spastic paraparesis.

Purpose: Hereditary spastic paraparesis (HSP) is a genetically diverse group of Mendelian disorders characterized by length-dependent axonal degeneration. Microtubule dysfunction is a known mechanism in HSP that impairs axonal dynamics. TBCB encodes Tubulin folding co-factor B (TBCB), which, along with TBCE, regulates αβ-heterodimer dynamics and neuronal axonal growth.

Virulence factors are preserved within carbapenem-resistant clades.

Carbapenem-resistant (CRAB) is an important threat to hospitalized patients. The virulence of varies between strains and geographic locations, which is believed to be related to its genetic plasticity. A comprehensive evaluation of virulence factor (VF) content of CRAB across genetically related clones is lacking.

Practical implementation of m-Plane GaN resonant-phonon Terahertz quantum cascade laser.

In this study, we analyze a novel m-plane GaN Terahertz Quantum Cascade Laser (THz QCL) with a resonant phonon depopulation scheme using the Non-equilibrium Green's Function (NEGF) approach. This design offers a more practical alternative to the previously proposed Two-Well (TW) GaN THz QCL, featuring significantly lower operating currents, reducing the risk of thermal damage, and greatly enhances the feasibility of experimental realization. The addition of an extra barrier also reduces leakage into the continuum and into the excited states.

De novo rates of a -resistant mutation in two human populations.

Mutation rates have long been measured as averages across many genomic positions. Recently, a method to measure the rates of individual mutations was applied to a narrow region in the human hemoglobin subunit beta () gene containing the site of the hemoglobin S (HbS) mutation as well as to a paralogous hemoglobin subunit delta () region, in sperm samples from sub-Saharan African and northern European donors [Melamed ., , 488-498 (2022)].

Genome-wide CRISPRi screen and proteomic profiling identify key genes related to ferulic acid's antifungal activity.

Fungal pathogens of plants must overcome host-imposed stressors, including antimicrobial small molecules. Ferulic acid (FA), a plant-derived phenolic compound, induces fungal stress and cell death. To uncover genetic determinants of FA sensitivity, we performed a genome-wide CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) screen in .

Performance of pyDock in 8th CAPRI: Energy-Based Scoring Applied to Docking and AlphaFold Models.

The 8th CAPRI edition has shown a significant evolution in the field of protein-protein complex structure prediction. We have participated in all 11 targets proposed in this edition, involving domain-domain, protein-protein, protein-peptide, and protein-DNA interactions, including homo- and hetero-meric interfaces. Our prediction strategy has significantly evolved during this edition due to the appearance of ground-breaking AI-based predicting methodologies, like AlphaFold (AF).

Revisiting Fire Safety Guidelines in CO Laser Airway Surgery.

Introduction: The potential for airway fire during endoscopic laser surgery is well known, typically addressed by reducing FiO levels. This study revisits these established practices in CO laser tubeless airway surgery.

Materials And Methods: Using a cadaveric porcine larynx and lung model, we conducted trials with high-flow (HFV) and jet ventilation.

Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) use in recurrent implantation failure: Is it time for another randomized controlled trial?

Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) affects up to 5 % of patients undergoing in-vitro fertilization (IVF) yet remains unexplained in over 50 % of cases. Perturbation of the permissive immune environment required for implantation is thought to explain a proportion of RIF cases but remains a diagnosis of exclusion due to the lack of validated testing to confirm the condition. Patients are often empirically treated with immunomodulatory medications, with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) being prominently featured.

Does obesity affect embryo development and quality? A retrospective analysis.

Research Question: Does high body mass index (BMI) impact embryo development and quality?

Design: This study compared morphokinetic parameters and developmental quality of embryos from gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles among four BMI groups (BMI <18.5, 18.5≤ BMI <25, 25≤ BMI <30, BMI ≥30 kg/m).

Teprotumumab reduces the proliferation and viability of pterygium fibroblasts.

Pterygium is a fibrovascular overgrowth on the ocular surface. There is no effective medical treatment, and the high rate of postoperative recurrence remains a major clinical challenge. We aimed to investigate the ability of teprotumumab (TPT), an insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor antagonist, to reduce human pterygium fibroblast (HPF) viability and proliferation.

XPRESSO: Rapid genetic engineering of human pluripotent stem cells for durable overexpression using a modular anti-silencing vector.

Ectopic expression of proteins in human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) is highly desirable as a research tool and important for clinical translation. However, genetically engineering hPSCs for long-term overexpression of proteins remains inefficient, labor-intensive, and plagued by epigenetic silencing, necessitating dedication of significant resources, and entailing laborious workflows. To address these limitations, we report the development of XPRESSO (expedited persistent and robust engineering of stem cells with sleeping beauty for overexpression), a modular "anti-silencing" transposon vector, which we have combined with a highly efficient and accessible methodology for the rapid generation of genetically modified hPSC lines in a gene-independent manner.

From gene lists to context drift.

Treatment resistance limits long-term effectiveness in cancer therapy. Conventional biomarkers typically rely on static gene expression levels. In this issue of Cancer Cell, Jassim et al.

Melanoma prevalence: can medical literacy overcome the rise in UV radiation? United States as a case study.

Background: Recent literature shows melanoma prevalence is steadily increasing, mainly due to UV radiation exposure, especially in Caucasians. Skin cancer causes $8.9 billion in direct annual cost and unmeasured indirect costs, but can be prevented by avoiding sun exposure, using protective creams, and regular dermatologists visits for suspicious nevi.

Parental counselling and autopsy results: A retrospective diagnostic cohort study at a multidisciplinary fetal neurology clinic.

Aim: To examine the accuracy of prenatal counselling at a multidisciplinary fetal neurology clinic (FNC) that led to termination of pregnancy (TOP), to improve the quality of future consultations.

Method: This retrospective diagnostic cohort study compared the imaging (neurosonography and intrauterine magnetic resonance imaging) of fetuses evaluated at our FNC between 2009 and 2019, which underwent TOP because of brain anomalies, to the autopsy reports for concordance. The degrees of concordance were full, partial, and discordant.

STAndardization of Reports (the STAR project) Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Quality Improvement Initiative.

Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopy is the mainstay for the diagnosis and staging of precancerous and cancerous conditions of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. Despite development of several validated classifications for UGI diseases, endoscopy reports differ between endoscopists and endoscopy departments. This document proposes a standardized high quality UGI endoscopy report, including preprocedural, periprocedural, endoscopic findings, and postprocedural information.

Continuous-flow electron spin resonance microfluidics device with sub-nanoliter sample volume.

This paper presents a novel continuous-flow electron spin resonance (ESR) microfluidic device designed for both continuous-wave (CW) and pulsed ESR measurements on sub-nanoliter liquid samples. The system integrates a planar surface microresonator (ParPar type) operating at ~9.4 GHz with a precision-fabricated quartz microfluidic chip, enabling spatial confinement of the sample within the resonator's microwave magnetic field hotspot while minimizing dielectric losses.

Patient safety and the second victim phenomenon in nursing and medical curricula: A qualitative study.

Background: The second victim phenomenon-emotional and psychological distress experienced by healthcare professionals following adverse events-is increasingly recognized. However, its integration into formal nursing and medical curricula remains limited across Europe, despite its relevance to patient safety, as well as student and clinician well-being.

Objectives: To explore how patient safety and second victim content are incorporated into undergraduate and postgraduate nursing and medical curricula and to identify the barriers and facilitators influencing such integration across Europe.

Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for rheumatic diseases: best practice recommendations from the EBMT Practice Harmonization and Guidelines Committee.

Immune-mediated rheumatologic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) comprise a heterogeneous group of systemic conditions that affect the connective tissues of the musculoskeletal system and internal organs. Immune-mediated RMDs are driven by chronic autoimmune responses and typically require continuous or repeated administration of immunosuppressive or biologic disease-modifying drugs. Although generally effective, these therapies can cause both short- and long-term side effects and may fail to control the disease with risk of irreversible tissue damage.

Clinical Outcomes and Predictive Factors for Penetrating Keratoplasty Following Glue Application for Corneal Perforation and Thinning.

Purpose: To describe the clinical outcomes and identify predictive factors associated with the need for penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) following cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive (CTA) application for corneal perforation or thinning.

Design: Retrospective clinical cohort study.

Methods: We conducted a single-center, retrospective cohort study of 189 eyes treated with CTA for corneal thinning or perforation between January 2006 and August 2024 at a tertiary care center.

Pollinator-Promoting Interventions in European Urban Habitats-A Synthesis.

Pollinators receive considerable interest due to their fundamental role in ecosystem functioning and human well-being. Unlike farmlands, studies of urban pollinator-promoting interventions are scarce and have not been synthesised, hampering policy implementation. To fill this gap, we compared pollinator-promoting interventions (treatment) with conventionally managed (control) sites regarding vegetation, floral resources, and pollinators.