High levels of Bt cry toxin resistant allele frequency in South Indian populations of cotton pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella Saunders (Gelechiidae: Lepidoptera).

The lack of compliance with refugia planting by growers of transgenic cotton expressing toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a major factor contributing to the development of resistance to the Bt toxins Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab and outbreak of pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella in several cotton growing regions of India. The present study estimated the resistant alleles frequency in South Indian populations of P. gossypiella against Cry1Ac + Cry2Ab toxins produced by Bt Bollgard II® cotton.

RNA in plasma extracellular vesicles of adolescent rhesus macaques reveal immune, bioenergetic and microbial imprints of early life adversity - an exploratory analysis.

Background: Exposure to early life adversity (ELA), including childhood maltreatment, is one of the most significant risk factors for the emergence of psychosomatic disorders in adolescence and adulthood. Most investigations into biological processes that have been perturbed by ELA have profiled DNA methylation in whole blood and coalesced around perturbations of immunobiology being centrally insulted by ELA.

Methods: To identify novel molecular signatures that are enduringly perturbed by childhood maltreatment, we isolated circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) from plasma collected from adolescent rhesus macaques that had either experienced nurturing maternal care (CONT, n = 7, 4M 3F) or maltreatment in infancy (MALT, n = 6, 3M 3F).

Green engineering of polylactic acid/polymyrcene/cellulose nanocrystals films with tunable mechanical and UV-shielding properties for food packaging applications.

In the modern era, polymyrcene, a sustainable polymer made from renewable resources, offers a potential path towards the advancement of green products. Here, we successfully created and characterized the first-ever all-bio-based composite films using cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) made from agricultural waste, polylactic acid (PLA), and polymyrcene. Environmentally acceptable substitutes for traditional polymer composites have been made possible by incorporating CNCs into the PLA-Polymyrcene matrix, which produced materials with improved structural and functional qualities.

Deep feature extraction and swarm-optimized enhanced extreme learning machine for motor imagery recognition in stroke patients.

Background: Interpretation of motor imagery (MI) in brain-computer interface (BCI) applications is largely driven by the use of electroencephalography (EEG) signals. However, precise classification in stroke patients remains challenging due to variability, non-stationarity, and abnormal EEG patterns.

New Methods: To address these challenges, an integrated architecture is proposed, combining multi-domain feature extraction with evolutionary optimization for enhanced EEG-based MI classification.

Calcium and cancer metastasis: Discoveries from zebrafish xenografts.

Cancer metastasis remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, highlighting the urgent need for therapies targeting metastatic processes. Dysregulated calcium (Ca) signaling is increasingly linked to metastasis and offers a promising, underexplored therapeutic target. The zebrafish xenograft model has emerged as a powerful tool for studying cancer due to its optical transparency, genetic similarity to humans, and rapid development.

Glucocorticoid Receptor-mediated Delivery of Paclitaxel and Anticancer Gene p53 for Oral Cancer Therapeutics.

Metastasis in its micro and macro state contributes to the poor survival and prognosis rate in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) patients. Conventional anti-cancer treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy are known for their non-selective killing of rapidly dividing cells, both normal and cancer. To address the drawbacks arising from these modalities, we aimed to target the Glucocorticoid Receptors (GR) of OSCC to selectively co-deliver the Paclitaxel and p53 gene that induces the drug sensitivity and cytotoxicity, thereby inducing the mesenchymal-epithelial transition.

Enhanced degradation of phenol by VUV/SPC synergism: Promotion of •OH and •CO formation.

A novel vacuum ultraviolet (VUV)-activated sodium percarbonate (SPC) system (VUV/SPC) was developed for efficient degradation of micropollutants such as phenol. The VUV/SPC system achieved 98.4 % phenol removal within 3 min, with pseudo-first-order rate constants 4.

Airborne bioaerosol transmission in hospital waiting corridor: Characteristic, exposure risk and evaluation of prevention strategies.

Following the global COVID-19 pandemic, greater attention has been paid to public health safety, especially in hospital environments. In waiting areas with interconnected spaces, complex airflow, unclear bioaerosol dispersion, and the limitations of traditional control methods pose major challenges. This study combined real-world experiments and numerical simulations to investigate the airborne transmission characteristics of pathogen-laden aerosols in a hospital waiting corridor.

Examining the contributions of demographic variables to vaccination uptake among the U.S. aged 50.

Vaccine uptake for five conditions harmful to older adults (seasonal influenza, pneumococcus infections, shingles, Covid-19, and pertussis) falls short of universal coverage, and discrepancies further emerge by gender, race, and vaccine target. Drawing on a cross-sectional nationally representative survey of 2623 U.S.

3D-printed super-wetting membranes with in situ grown MOF for efficient oil-water separation.

Room-temperature crystallization of a cobalt-aminoterephthalate framework (CoBDC-NH) directly on 3D-printed polylactic acid (PLA) yields a super-wetting membrane that reconciles permeability and selectivity in oil-water separation. The ambient-pressure route dispenses with conventional hydrothermal steps and preserves the PLA architecture. Molecular dynamics (MD) combined with density-functional (DFT) calculations reveal that NaOH activation exposes carboxylate sites, while trace polyvinylpyrrolidone amplifies van der Waals forces, uniformly dispersing Co nuclei and anchoring the metal-organic framework (MOF) layer.

Association between multiple sclerosis and the risk of stroke: A population-based retrospective cohort study.

Background And Objectives: Previous studies addressing the association between multiple sclerosis (MS) and stroke yielded conflicting results. The current study aimed to evaluate the association between MS and incident stroke, overall and by main stroke subtypes.

Methods: We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study utilizing the Clalit Health Services database, the largest healthcare provider in Israel.

A multi-scenario framework for quantifying flood hazard and exposure accounting for runoff-driven uncertainty in global flood models.

With growing populations and an increasing frequency of flood events, large-scale flood hazard assessment (LSFHA) and exposure analyses have become critically important. Global Flood Models (GFMs) significantly contribute to these efforts by simulating flood dynamics based on runoff inputs from Land Surface Models (LSMs), Global Hydrological Models (GHMs), or Reanalysis datasets. However, GFM outputs remain highly sensitive to runoff input choice, leading to substantial uncertainty in LSFHA.

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles - From synthesis to nanomedicine.

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have emerged as powerful tools in nanomedicine owing to their heavy-metal-free composition, distinct magnetic properties, biocompatibility, and customizable surface chemistry. While traditionally employed as T-weighted MRI contrast agents, recent innovations have enabled the development of ultra-small SPIONs-such as exceedingly small SPIONs (ES-SPIONs) and single-nanometer iron oxide nanoparticles (SNIOs)-that offer T-weighted MRI capabilities, which are favored by radiologists for their superior anatomical clarity. This review highlights the synthesis of monodisperse SPIONs via thermal decomposition and controlled oxidation, as well as their functionalization with zwitterionic dopamine sulfonate (ZDS) ligands, which confer colloidal stability, minimal protein adsorption, and efficient renal clearance.

Perovskite Nanozyme-Mediated Sonocatalytic Therapy: A Mitochondrion-Targeted Strategy for Enhanced Cancer Therapy.

The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through nanozyme-mediated sonocatalytic therapy has demonstrated remarkable therapeutic efficacy in the field of cancer. Nevertheless, it remains a significant challenge for nanozymes with a single catalytic active center to generate sufficient ROS via Fenton or Fenton-like reactions to effectively induce tumor cell death. In order to enhance the catalytic efficacy, we devised and synthesized a multiple active centre and mitochondrial-targeted perovskite nanozyme (NCFP), doped with cobalt (Co) element, and incorporated 4-carboxybutyltriphenylphosphonium bromide (TPP) as a mitochondrial targeting marker for ultrasound (US)-assisted enzyme-like catalytic treatment of tumors.

Evaporation of Ethanol from Liquid Ethanol and Water-Ethanol Mixtures: Mechanism, Kinetics, and Free Energy Changes for Different Compositions of the Mixtures.

Understanding the evaporation mechanism of liquid ethanol and ethanol-water binary mixtures is important for numerous scientific and industrial processes. The amount of water in liquid water-ethanol mixtures can significantly affect how quickly ethanol molecules evaporate. Here, we study the mechanism and rate of evaporation of ethanol from pure liquid ethanol and ethanol/water binary mixtures through both unbiased molecular dynamics simulations and biased simulations using the umbrella sampling method.

DNA Binding and Electrochemical Characterization of Oxidative Products of the Cobalt(II) Complex.

The synthesis of -tetrakis(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)porphyrin [HT(3,4,5-OCH)PP] and cobalt(II) -tetrakis(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)porphyrin [Co(T(3,4,5-OCH)PP)] has been successfully accomplished. The oxidation properties of [Co(T(3,4,5-OCH)PP)] have been assessed through UV-vis, NMR, and EPR techniques. It can be seen in the UV-vis spectrum that adding SbCl caused extra peaks to appear at 674 nm, which means that a π-cation radical was formed.

Diuretic strategies in acute heart failure: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Aims: Several diuretic strategies, including furosemide iv boluses (FB) or continuous infusion (FC), are used in acute heart failure (AHF).

Methods And Results: We systematically searched phase 3 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) evaluating diuretic regimens in admitted AHF patients within 48 hours and irrespective of clinical stabilization. We calculated the odds ratio (OR) of FC or FB plus another diuretic (sequential nephron blockade, SNB) compared to FB alone on 24-hour weight loss (WL) and worsening renal function (WRF), with a random-effects model with inverse variance weighting.

Neural Quantum Embedding via Deterministic Quantum Computation with One Qubit.

Quantum computing is expected to provide an exponential speedup in machine learning. However, optimizing the data loading process, commonly referred to as "quantum data embedding," to maximize classification performance remains a critical challenge. In this Letter, we propose a neural quantum embedding (NQE) technique based on deterministic quantum computation with one qubit (DQC1).

Strong Magnon-Phonon Coupling in the Kagome Antiferromagnets.

Magnon-phonon hybridization in ordered materials is a crucial phenomenon with significant implications for spintronics, magnonics, and quantum materials research. We present direct experimental evidence and theoretical insights into magnon-phonon coupling in Mn_{3}Ge, a kagome antiferromagnet with noncollinear spin order. Using inelastic x-ray scattering and ab initio modeling, we uncover strong hybridization between planar spin fluctuations and transverse optical phonons, resulting in a large hybridization gap of ∼2  meV.

Imaging Valence Electron Rearrangement in a Chemical Reaction Using Hard X-Ray Scattering.

We have observed the signatures of valence electron rearrangement in photoexcited ammonia using ultrafast hard x-ray scattering. Time-resolved x-ray scattering is a powerful tool for imaging structural dynamics in molecules because of the strong scattering from the core electrons localized near each nucleus. Such core-electron contributions generally dominate the differential scattering signal, masking any signatures of rearrangement in the chemically important valence electrons.

Toward a Robust Confirmation or Refutation of the Sterile-Neutrino Explanation of Short-Baseline Anomalies.

The sterile neutrino interpretation of the LSND and MiniBooNE neutrino anomalies is currently being tested at three liquid argon detectors: MicroBooNE, SBND, and ICARUS. It has been argued that a degeneracy between ν_{μ}→ν_{e} and ν_{e}→ν_{e} oscillations significantly degrades their sensitivity to sterile neutrinos. Through an independent study, we show two methods to eliminate this concern.

First Sub-MeV Dark Matter Search with the QROCODILE Experiment Using Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors.

We present the first results from the Quantum Resolution-Optimized Cryogenic Observatory for Dark matter Incident at Low Energy (QROCODILE). The QROCODILE experiment uses a microwire-based superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) as a target and sensor for dark matter scattering and absorption, and is sensitive to energy deposits as low as 0.11 eV.

On-Chip Emitter-Coupled Meta-Optics for Versatile Photon Sources.

Controlling the spontaneous emission of nanoscale quantum emitters (QEs) is crucial for developing advanced photon sources required in many areas of modern nanophotonics, including quantum information technologies. Conventional approaches to shaping photon emission are based on using bulky configurations, while approaches recently developed in quantum metaphotonics suffer from limited capabilities in achieving desired polarization states and directionality, failing to provide on-demand photon sources tailored precisely to technological needs. Here, we propose a universal approach to designing versatile photon sources using on-chip QE-coupled meta-optics that enable direct transformations of QE-excited surface plasmon polaritons into spatially propagating photon streams with arbitrary polarization states, directionality, and amplitudes via both resonance and geometric phases supplied by scattering meta-atoms.

Rigidity Criteria for Chainmail Consisting of Tessellations of Torus Knots.

Interlocked and polycatenated material systems, consisting of discrete, nonconvex particles linked to their nearest neighbors, such as chainmail fabrics, have been shown to undergo a jamming transition that increases their rigidity under boundary compression. This rigidity transition is associated with an increase in contact number between particles. In architected materials, rigidity is described by theories such as the Maxwell criterion.

Half-Life and Precision Shape Measurement of the 2νββ Decay of ^{130}Te.

We present a new measurement of the 2νββ half-life of ^{130}Te (T_{1/2}^{2ν}) using the first complete model of the CUORE data, based on 1038 kg yr of collected exposure. Thanks to optimized data selection, we achieve a factor of two improvement in precision, obtaining T_{1/2}^{2ν}=(9.32 _{-0.