A Method for Measuring Angular Orientation with Adaptive Compensation of Dynamic Errors.

This article presents an integrated method for measuring the angular orientation of moving objects, combining a simplified mechanical structure to reduce instrumental errors with a hardware-software platform for adaptive compensation of dynamic errors. Unlike existing approaches, the method avoids inertial element stabilization by using an adaptive Kalman structure for real-time correction. Based on this method, a measuring system for determining roll and pitch has been developed and implemented using a two-channel measurement model with two independent signals and MEMS sensors.

Influence of Strain Rate on the Strain-Induced Martensite Transformation in Austenitic Steel AISI 321 and Barkhausen Noise Emission.

This study investigates the evolution of strain-induced martensite (SIM) and its effect on magnetic Barkhausen noise (MBN) in AISI 321 austenitic stainless steel subjected to uniaxial tensile testing. Using X-ray diffraction and the Barkhausen noise technique, the formation and distribution of SIM were analysed as functions of plastic strain and strain rate. The results show that MBN is primarily governed by plastic deformation and strain rate rather than residual stress.

Resistive Heater Element Based on a Conductive Line in AlN Ceramic Fabricated by Laser Processing.

The purpose of this work is to demonstrate that laser-induced conductive tracts in AlN ceramic can be applied for fabrication of an integrated resistive heating element. Nanosecond laser processing at a wavelength of 1064 nm of ceramic in vacuum is used for a formation of conductive areas. It is demonstrated that the applied laser fluence and the number of pulses influence strongly the electrical properties of the material in the irradiated zone.

Influence of Heat Treatment on the Phase Composition of Biphasic Calcium Phosphates for Biomedical Application.

The aim of the present paper is to study the influence of the heat treatment on the phase composition of biphasic calcium phosphates (BCPs) for biomedical applications. The precursors were prepared by the wet precipitation method using calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and diammonium hydrogen phosphate. The as-synthesized powder was subjected to heat treatment at different temperatures and times.

Implementation of Chaotic Synchronization and Artificial Neural Networks in Modified OTP Scheme for Image Encryption.

This paper presents a modified image encryption scheme based on the OTP (One-Time Pad) algorithm, consisting of chaotic synchronization and artificial neural networks (ANNs) for improved security and efficiency. The scheme uses chaotic synchronization based on feedback control to create complex and unique encryption keys. Additionally, ANNs are used to approximate time functions, creating a neural encoding key, which adds an additional layer of complexity to the encryption process.

Acoustic Waves and Their Application in Modern Fire Detection Using Artificial Vision Systems: A Review.

This paper presents information on the propagation patterns of acoustic waves and their practical application, in particular, in modern fire detection methods that use artificial vision systems and video cameras as intelligent sensors. In practice, the use of artificial intelligence allows the detection of flames in places where the use of typical sensors is impossible or severely limited. Such a system can work together with environmentally friendly acoustic flame extinguishing technology as a standalone platform, or it may cooperate with other modules, which is a new approach in the field of fire protection.

Nanosecond Laser Processing of Titanium in Organic Liquids as a Method for Obtaining Titanium Carbide Coatings.

This work presents results on nanosecond laser ablation of a titanium (Ti) plate immersed in a liquid medium using the fundamental wavelength (1064 nm) of a nanosecond Nd:YAG laser system. The laser radiation was focused on the target surface as scanning was accomplished by an XY translation stage. The laser processing of the Ti targets took place in two organic liquids-liquid paraffin and diesel oil.

A Method for Correction of Dynamic Errors When Measuring Flat Surfaces.

This paper presents a new method for correction of dynamic errors occurring when measuring flat surfaces in the presence of mechanical effects. Mechanical effects cause inertial forces and moments that affect the moving components of measuring instruments, thereby causing dynamic errors. The study proposes a mathematical model, on the basis of which algorithms for correction of dynamic errors can be developed.

Impact of Beam Deflection Geometry on the Surface Architecture and Mechanical Properties of Electron-Beam-Modified TC4 Titanium Alloy.

This paper aims to investigate the impact of beam deflection geometry on the structure, surface architecture, and friction coefficient of electron-beam-modified TC4 titanium alloys. During the experiments, the electron beam was deflected in the form of different scanning geometries, namely linear, circular, and matrix. The structure of the treated specimens was investigated in terms of their phase composition by employing X-ray diffraction experiments.

Effects of Heat Treatment and Severe Surface Plastic Deformation on Mechanical Characteristics, Fatigue, and Wear of Cu-10Al-5Fe Bronze.

Aluminium bronzes are widely used in various industries because of their unique properties, a combination of high strength, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance in aggressive environments, including seawater. In this study, the subject of comprehensive experimental research was Cu-10Al-5Fe iron-aluminium bronze (IAB) with β-transformation, received in the form of hot-rolled bars. The effects of different heat treatments (HT) and severe surface plastic deformation (SPD), conducted by diamond burnishing (DB) on the microstructure, surface integrity (SI), mechanical properties, low- and mega-cycle fatigue strength, and dry sliding wear resistance, were determined.

Influence of Factors in the Photopolymerization Process on Dental Composites Microhardness.

The aim of the present paper is to investigate the influence of factors in photopolymerization process that govern microhardness of three types of dental composites-universal (UC), bulk-fill (BC), and flowable (FC). Cylindrical specimens with different thicknesses are made and light cured. The significance of light intensity, irradiation time, and layer thickness on Vickers microhardness is evaluated by experimental design, analysis of variance, and regression analysis.

Effect of Diamond Burnishing on Fatigue Behaviour of AISI 304 Chromium-Nickel Austenitic Stainless Steel.

The disadvantages of widely used austenitic stainless steels are their low hardness and relatively low fatigue strength. Conventional chemical-thermal surface treatments are unsuitable for these steels since they create conditions for inter-granular corrosion. An effective alternative is a low-temperature surface treatment, creating an S-phase within the surface layer, but it has a high cost/quality ratio.

The use of multiple-criteria decision-making theory to measure students' perceptions of high-fidelity simulation.

Background: High-Fidelity Simulation (HFS) has great potential to improve decision-making in clinical practice. Previous studies have found HFS promotes self-confidence, but its effectiveness in clinical practice has not been established. The aim of this research is to establish if HFS facilitates learning that informs decision-making skills in clinical practice using MultipleCriteria DecisionMaking Theory (MCDMT).