A Method for Measuring Angular Orientation with Adaptive Compensation of Dynamic Errors.

This article presents an integrated method for measuring the angular orientation of moving objects, combining a simplified mechanical structure to reduce instrumental errors with a hardware-software platform for adaptive compensation of dynamic errors. Unlike existing approaches, the method avoids inertial element stabilization by using an adaptive Kalman structure for real-time correction. Based on this method, a measuring system for determining roll and pitch has been developed and implemented using a two-channel measurement model with two independent signals and MEMS sensors.

Phytochemical and Cytotoxic Aspects of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids in Species: A Review.

The genus (Amaryllidaceae) currently contains 25 plant species naturally occurring in Europe and the Middle East region. These perennial bulbous plants possess well-known medicinal and ornamental qualities. Alkaloid diversity is their most distinctive phytochemical feature.

AChE inhibitory activity of N-substituted natural galanthamine derivatives.

Galanthamine derivatives are known for their AChE inhibitory activity. Among them, galanthamine has been approved for treatment of Alzheimer's disease. N-Acetylnorgalanthamine (narcisine) and N-(2'-methyl)allylnorgalanthamine (the most potent natural AChE inhibitor of galanthamine type) were synthetized using N-norgalanthamine as a precursor.

Adult congenital heart disease training in Europe: current status, disparities and potential solutions.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the status of training of adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) cardiologists in Europe.

Methods: A questionnaire was sent to ACHD cardiologists from 34 European countries.

Results: Representatives from 31 of 34 countries (91%) responded.

L. and Web. Essential Oils and Exudates as Sources of Compounds with Pesticidal Action.

The application of natural products for pest control is important in modern farming. In the present study, L. and Weber essential oil and exudate profiles were determined, and their potential as inhibitors of seed germination, acetylcholinesterase, and phytopathogenic mycelium growth were evaluated.

Design, Synthesis, In Silico Studies and In Vitro Evaluation of New Indole- and/or Donepezil-like Hybrids as Multitarget-Directed Agents for Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is considered a complex neurodegenerative condition which warrants the development of multitargeted drugs to tackle the key pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease. In this study, two novel series of melatonin- and donepezil-based hybrid molecules with hydrazone () or sulfonyl hydrazone () fragments were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as multifunctional ligands against AD-related neurodegenerative mechanisms. Two lead compounds ( and ) exhibited a well-balanced multifunctional profile, demonstrating intriguing acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition, promising antioxidant activity assessed by DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP methods, as well as the inhibition of lipid peroxidation in the linoleic acid system.

Virtual Screening and Hit Selection of Natural Compounds as Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors.

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is one of the classical targets in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Inhibition of AChE slows down the hydrolysis of acetycholine and increases choline levels, improving the cognitive function. The achieved success of plant-based natural drugs acting as AChE inhibitors, such as galantamine (GAL) from Galanthus genus and huperzine A from Huperzia serrate (approved drug in China), in the treatment of AD, and the fact that natural compounds (NCs) are considered as safer and less toxic compared to synthetic drugs, led us to screen the available NCs (almost 150,000) in the ZINC12 database for AChE inhibitory activity.

Discovery of a Novel Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor by Fragment-Based Design and Virtual Screening.

Despite extensive and intensive research efforts in recent decades, there is still no effective treatment for neurodegenerative diseases. On this background, the use of drugs inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) remains an eternal evergreen in the symptomatic treatment of mild to moderate cognitive impairments. Even more, the cholinergic hypothesis, somewhat forgotten in recent years due to the shift in focus on amyloid cascade, is back to life, and the search for new, more effective AChE inhibitors continues.

Role of Catalyst in Optimizing Fluid Catalytic Cracking Performance During Cracking of H-Oil-Derived Gas Oils.

Three H-Oil gas oils, heavy atmospheric gas oil (HAGO), light vacuum gas oil (LVGO), heavy vacuum gas oil (HVGO), and two their blends with hydrotreated straight run vacuum gas oils (HTSRVGOs) were cracked on two high unit cell size (UCS) lower porosity commercial catalysts and two low UCS higher porosity commercial catalysts. The cracking experiments were performed in an advanced cracking evaluation fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) laboratory unit at 527 °C, 30 s catalyst time on stream, and catalyst-to-oil (CTO) variation between 3.5 and 7.

Commercial Investigation of the Ebullated-Bed Vacuum Residue Hydrocracking in the Conversion Range of 55-93.

The LUKOIL Neftohim Burgas vacuum residue hydrocracking has increased the vacuum residue conversion from 55 to 93% as a result of a proper feed selection, optimal catalyst condition, and the use of a Mo nanodispersed catalyst. It was found that the feed colloidal instability index estimated from the feed saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes (SARA) data negatively correlated with the conversion. Correlations based on the use of the nonlinear least-squares method, which relates the density to the aromatic structure contents for the straight run and hydrocracked vacuum residues, were developed.

Blood pressure distribution and control in coronary patients from 24 European countries in the European Society of Cardiology EURoObservational Research Programme European survey of cardiovascular disease prevention and diabetes. EUROASPIRE IV Registry.

Background: Hypertension is the most prevalent major independent risk factor for developing coronary heart disease (CHD). The present analysis aimed to assess blood pressure (BP) distribution and factors associated with insufficient BP control in coronary patients from 24 countries participating in the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) EURoObservational Research Programme (EORP) EUROASPIRE IV survey.

Methods: EUROASPIRE IV is a cross-sectional study conducted in 2012-2013 in patients aged 80 years or less hospitalized for CHD with a follow-up visit at a median of 16 months later.

Comparison of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Assessment by Martin/Hopkins Estimation, Friedewald Estimation, and Preparative Ultracentrifugation: Insights From the FOURIER Trial.

Importance: Recent studies have shown that Friedewald underestimates low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) at lower levels, which could result in undertreatment of high-risk patients. A novel method (Martin/Hopkins) using a patient-specific conversion factor provides more accurate LDL-C levels. However, this method has not been tested in proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitor-treated patients.

Lifestyle and risk factor management in people at high risk of cardiovascular disease. A report from the European Society of Cardiology European Action on Secondary and Primary Prevention by Intervention to Reduce Events (EUROASPIRE) IV cross-sectional survey in 14 European regions.

Background European Action on Secondary and Primary Prevention by Intervention to Reduce Events (EUROASPIRE) IV in primary care was a cross-sectional survey carried out by the European Society of Cardiology, EURObservational Research Programme in 2014-2015 in 71 centres from 14 European countries. The main objective was to determine whether the 2012 Joint European Societies' guidelines on cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention in people at high CVD risk have been followed in clinical practice. Methods Patients without a history of atherosclerotic disease started on either blood pressure and/or lipid and/or glucose-lowering treatments were identified and interviewed at least six months after the start of medication.

Lifestyle and risk factor management in people at high cardiovascular risk from Bulgaria, Croatia, Poland, Romania and the United Kingdom who participated in both the EUROASPIRE III and IV primary care surveys.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine time trends in the implementation of European guidelines on the management of cardiovascular disease prevention in people at high cardiovascular risk.

Methods: Cardiovascular disease prevention as reflected in the primary care arms of the EUROASPIRE III and IV surveys were compared in centres from Bulgaria, Croatia, Poland, Romania and the United Kingdom that participated in both surveys. All patients were free of cardiovascular disease but considered at high cardiovascular disease risk since they had been started on blood pressure and/or lipid and/or glucose lowering treatments.

Cost-effectiveness of optimizing prevention in patients with coronary heart disease: the EUROASPIRE III health economics project.

Aims: The EUROASPIRE III survey indicated that the guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention are poorly implemented in patients with established coronary heart disease (CHD). The purpose of this health economic project was to assess the potential clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of optimizing cardiovascular prevention in eight EUROASPIRE III countries (Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Finland, France, Italy, Poland, and the U.K.