Bioorthogonal Photoactivation of 2-Nitrobenzyl Caged Doxorubicin Anticancer Prodrugs on Gold Nanostars.

Bioorthogonal chemistry that can be controlled through near-infrared (NIR) light is a promising route to therapeutics. This study proposes a method to intracellularly photoactivate prodrugs using plasmonic gold nanostars (AuNSt) and NIR irradiation. Two strategies are followed.

Low Frequency of Dementia with Lewy Bodies Diagnosis in a Colombian Memory Clinic.

Background: The global burden of dementia is increasing, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is the second most common neurodegenerative dementia but remains underreported and frequently misdiagnosed. Its prevalence in Latin America is largely unknown.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Hearing Loss: A Prisma Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the association between type 2 diabetes and hearing loss.

Data Sources: Search conducted in PubMed and Scopus databases for articles published between January 2019 and April 2024.

Review Methods: Quality assessment and risk of bias analysis were conducted using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale, and meta-analyses of pooled data were performed with Cochrane's Review Manager.

Factors Associated with Delayed Graft Function and Renal Graft Survival from Donors after Controlled Cardiac Death.

Background: Delayed graft function is a common situation that leads to increased long-term rates of graft rejection and loss. It is seen increasingly more often, as the use of kidneys from donors after controlled cardiac death has become more widespread. This study aimed to identify factors contributing to its onset and determine how these factors may influence graft survival.

Maternal Intake of Sugar- and Artificially Sweetened Beverages and Outcomes of Assisted Reproduction: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To evaluate whether maternal intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and artificially sweetened beverages (ASB) affects medically assisted reproduction outcomes (MAR).

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Settings: Fertility centre at an academic hospital.

Cardiac rehabilitation for workers with ischemic heart disease: Benefits for cardiovascular health and quality of life.

Cardiac rehabilitation programs (CRPs) are multifactorial interventions defined by the World Health Organization as essential strategies to improve patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL) by enhancing their physical, psychological, social, and occupational well-being. These programs are a cornerstone in the comprehensive treatment of heart disease, facilitating the recovery of functional capacity and reintegration into the workforce through a multidisciplinary approach. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of CRPs in enhancing functional capacity (cardiac and psychological) and HRQoL in workers with ischemic heart disease.

Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae accumulate bioactive compounds that modulate antioxidant activity when reared with bioactive agrifood by-products.

The effect of feeding Hermetia illucens larvae (black soldier fly, BSFL) with by-products from olive oil (dry olive leaves, OL; full-fat dry olive pomace, OP) or quinoa (quinoa husk, QH) on the bioaccumulation of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of the meals was evaluated. Diets were formulated with different percentages of inclusion (OL15, OL30, OL50; OP30, OP50, OP70, OP90; QH15, QH30, QH50). Antioxidant activity (DPPH and ABTS methods), total phenolic compounds (TPC), targeted bioactive compounds analysis, and estimation of efficiency of bioaccumulation (EB) were performed, and compared to the experimental substrates.

Effectiveness of an Online Training Program on Brief Tobacco Intervention (BTI) for Nurses: A Quasi-Experimental Study. The E-Learning BTI Project.

Introduction: Smoking is the leading cause of preventable deaths. The training of professionals on brief tobacco interventions (BTIs) increases the effectiveness of these interventions.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of an online training program on BTI based on the 5As and 5Rs model in acquiring anti-tobacco brief advice competencies among nurses.

Recent advances in neuroimaging of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.

This review covers recent advances (2023-2024) in neuroimaging research into the pathophysiology, progression, and treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADRD). Despite the rapid emergence of blood-based biomarkers, neuroimaging continues to be a vital area of research in ADRD. Here, we discuss neuroimaging as a powerful tool to topographically visualize and quantify amyloid, tau, neurodegeneration, inflammation, and vascular disease in the brain.

Assessing alternative strategies to control almond red leaf blotch through the reduction of Polystigma amygdalinum inoculum in leaf litter.

Background: Red leaf blotch (RLB), caused by Polystigma amygdalinum, is a major foliar disease of almond trees in Mediterranean and Middle Eastern regions. While preventive fungicide applications are the main control strategy, cultural practices aimed at reducing pathogen inoculum in leaf litter are gaining relevance. This study evaluated the efficacy of four chemical treatments on fungal biomass and ascospore production in leaf litter and assessed the impact of two cultural practices-urea application and leaf litter removal-on airborne inoculum levels and disease incidence under field conditions.

Development of an hybridization assay for the diagnosis of infections of veterinary importance.

Mycobacteria ( family) comprise five genera (, , , , and ), which include relevant animal and human pathogens. Histology is a rapid method for preemptively diagnosing mycobacteriosis, contributing to surveillance, control, and eradication. A constraint on histology is the limited sensitivity and specificity of acid-fast stains, as the number of detectable bacilli in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue varies and other microorganisms are acid-fast positive.

Malaria amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in Gabon: an application of autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models within an interrupted time series (ITS) framework to hospital-based data.

Background: Coinciding with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, malaria cases and malaria-related deaths increased globally between 2020 and 2022. However, evidence linking the pandemic to increased malaria burden remains ambiguous. We assessed the extent to which an observed malaria resurgence in Lambaréné, Gabon, can be associated with pandemic-related disruptions in malaria control programmes.

The impact of an extinction reminder on AAB renewal is sensitive to the level of association with extinction.

An experiment using a predictive learning task with college students evaluated the impact of a stimulus associated with extinction on an AAB renewal design. Four groups of participants learned a specific relationship between two cues (X and Y) and two outcomes (O1 and O2) in Context A during the first phase. Subsequently, both cues were subjected to extinction in the same Context A.

Brain-penetrating peptide and antibody radioligands for proof-of-concept PET imaging of fibrin in Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is increasingly recognized as a multifactorial disorder with vascular contributions, including a pro-coagulant state marked by fibrin deposition in the brain. Fibrin accumulation may exacerbate cerebral hypoperfusion and neuroinflammation, leading to neurodegeneration. Identifying patients with this pathology could enable targeted anticoagulant therapy.

Polyester-coated stainless-steel sheets using silica gel microparticles as surface pre-modifiers: a novel approach to determine selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in saliva samples by direct infusion tandem mass spectrometry.

Stainless-steel substrates have grown in importance in the development of planar sorptive phases. However, the reduced wettability of polished sheets makes difficult their functionalization. This limitation can be solved by using amorphous silica gel microparticles as superficial guides.

Effect of comorbidities and multimorbidity on bone mineral density in patients with osteoporosis.

Unlabelled: This retrospective cohort study analysed a total of 344 patients from the OSTEOMED registry with matched baseline and follow-up DXA data, finding that comorbidities such as nephrolithiasis, hypertension or coronary heart disease may influence the response to prescribed anti-osteoporotic treatment.

Purpose: To determine: 1) comorbidities associated with reduced bone mineral density (BMD), T-score and Z-score at the lumbar spine (L1 to L4 vertebrae), femoral neck and total hip; and 2) the role of multimorbidity (≥ 2 comorbidities) in reduced BMD, T-score and Z-score at the lumbar spine, femoral neck and total hip.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study analyzing patients [319 females (92.

Prediction of oncogene mutation status in non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis with a special focus on artificial intelligence-based methods.

Objectives: In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), non-invasive alternatives to biopsy-dependent driver mutation analysis are needed. We reviewed the effectiveness of radiomics alone or with clinical data and assessed the performance of artificial intelligence (AI) models in predicting oncogene mutation status.

Materials And Methods: A PRISMA-compliant literature review for studies predicting oncogene mutation status in NSCLC patients using radiomics was conducted by a multidisciplinary team.

E. coli filament buckling modulates Min patterning and cell division.

Bacteria often encounter physico-chemical stresses that disrupt division, leading to filamentation, where cells elongate without dividing. Although this adaptive response improves survival, it also exposes filaments to significant mechanical strain, raising questions about the mechanochemical feedback in bacterial systems. In this study, we investigate how mechanical strain modifies the geometry of bacterial filaments and influences the Min oscillatory system, a reaction-diffusion network central to division in Escherichia coli.

Neural correlates of peripartum depression: a systematic review, meta-analysis and comparison to major depressive disorder.

Background: Peripartum depression (PPD) is a form of major depressive disorder (MDD) that begins during the peripartum period and poses a significant mental health challenge affecting 10 to 29% of women.

Objective: This systematic review and multimodal activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis explored the distinct structural, functional, and metabolic features of the PPD brain as compared to female non-peripartum MDD.

Methods: For this purpose, we conducted a comprehensive literature search in PubMed, Embase and PsycINFO databases to identify peer-reviewed original studies investigating the neural correlates associated with PPD or fMDD.

An electrically controlled single-molecule spin switch.

Precise control of spin states and spin-spin interactions in atomic-scale magnetic structures is crucial for spin-based quantum technologies. A promising architecture is molecular spin systems, which offer chemical tunability and scalability for larger structures. An essential component, in addition to the qubits themselves, is switchable qubit-qubit interactions that can be individually addressed.

RNA-binding proteins mediate the maturation of chromatin topology during differentiation.

Topologically associating domains (TADs) and chromatin architectural loops impact promoter-enhancer interactions, with CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) defining TAD borders and loop anchors. TAD boundaries and loops progressively strengthen upon embryonic stem (ES) cell differentiation, underscoring the importance of chromatin topology in ontogeny. However, the mechanisms driving this process remain unclear.

Risk Factors Pituitary Adenomas Development in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1: A Nationwide Study of 240 Cases.

Objective: Pituitary adenomas (PAs) are one of the three major lesions in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN1), with a prevalence of 32 to 58%, yet their specific risk factors remain unidentified. This study aimed to identify predictors influencing PA occurrence in MEN1.

Methods: This nationwide, multicenter, retrospective cohort study involved 240 MEN1 patients, 55.