Out-Of-The-Bag Intraocular Lens Dislocation in Dead Bag Syndrome and Its Association With Eye Rubbing.

Background: To describe clinical features, risk factors and outcomes of out-of-the-bag (OTB) intraocular lens (IOL) dislocation in dead bag syndrome (DBS).

Methods: Retrospective review of a single-surgeon series of eyes with IOLs that developed OTB IOL dislocation, managed at Singapore National Eye Centre (January 2014-December 2021), with a minimum of 6 months of follow-up. Eyes with OTB IOL dislocation following secondary IOL implantation and intraoperative capsule complications were excluded.

The future of cultured meat: focusing on multidisciplinary, digitization, and nutritional customization.

Cultured meat is an emerging field in future food production, employing interdisciplinary strategies that integrate the food industry, tissue engineering, and biotechnology to meet global food needs. Cultivating meat from stem cells is an increasingly recognized solution to address concerns associated with animal husbandry in terms of environment, health, and ethics. Despite significant advances, substantial technical challenges persist.

Planetary health diet and cognitive decline in Chinese older adults: Balancing health benefits and environmental sustainability.

The planetary health diet (PHD) proposed by the EAT-Lancet Commission, advocates for reduced meat and dairy intake while emphasizing the consumption of whole grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and legumes. Existing studies have shown that the PHD can lower mortality rates and slow cognitive decline in various populations. However, its specific effects on cognitive impairment among elderly individuals in China remain unclear, primarily due to regional socioeconomic and cultural differences.

Dietary carbohydrate-to-protein caloric ratio availability affects hepatic fat deposition via the IGF-1/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

High- and low-protein diets have long been debated for their effects on body fat accumulation, which may stem from neglecting interactions with other macronutrients. This study investigates how the dietary carbohydrate-to-protein caloric ratio (CPCR) affects hepatic fat deposition via the IGF-1/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Within an isocaloric dietary framework, we evaluated the effects of varying CPCR (dietary fat held constant at 10 %) on hepatic fat accumulation in Sprague-Dawley rats over 8 weeks.

In vitro infant fecal fermentation characteristics of bovine milk osteopontin and 2'-fucosyllactose combination.

Breast milk is rich in bioactive proteins and oligosaccharides, including osteopontin (OPN) and 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), which are believed to promote the growth of beneficial microbiota and regulate intestinal barrier function. In this study, fermentation substrates including DOPN (digested OPN fragment), 2'-FL and their combinations in varying proportions, were prepared through in vitro gastrointestinal digestion, dialysis and freeze-drying. Changes in gas production, organic acid levels, ammonia N concentration and bacterial population abundance were studied using an in vitro batch fermentation model, with feces inocula from healthy infants.

The Stabilization Mechanisms of CL-20 Crystals by Intercalation of Graphene Oxide Coated with Polydopamine.

Hexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) is a high-energy-density compound with poor thermal stability, which hinders its application in composite energetic systems. A bi-interface structure of polydopamine-coated graphene oxide (GO@PDA) is shown to markedly improve thermal stability compared with pristine CL-20 and single-layer coatings. Reactive molecular dynamics simulations enhanced by a neural network potential (NNP) reveal that the delayed onset of decomposition arises from suppressed NO release and altered spatial density distribution, while interfacial -OH and -COOH groups consume intermediates, redirect decomposition pathways, and inhibit autocatalytic chain reactions.

Dependence and Precarity in the Gig Economy: A Longitudinal Analysis of Platform Work and Mental Distress.

While there is a growing body of literature examining platform dependence and its implications for mental health, much of the research has focused on gig workers with small sample sizes. The lack of large-scale quantitative research, particularly using longitudinal representative data, limits a comprehensive understanding of the dynamic relationship between platform dependence and mental distress. This study uses nationally representative data from the UK and fixed effects models to explore the heterogeneity of gig work, specifically examining differences in mental distress between high-dependence workers (those solely engaged in gig work) and low-dependence workers (those also employed in other jobs).

Efficacy and Tolerability of Stable Hybrid Cooperative Complexes of High- and Low-Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid in Asian Patients: An Open-Label Study.

Background: Few studies of Profhilo for facial skin regeneration in Asian patients exist.

Aims: The efficacy and safety of Profhilo in regenerating facial skin in Asian females were investigated in a single-center study.

Patients/methods: Patients were treated with Profhilo on Weeks 0 and 4 and followed up on Week 12.

Understanding efficiency losses from radiative and nonradiative recombination in CuZnSn(S,Se) solar cells.

The photovoltaic performance of CuZnSn(S,Se) is limited by open-circuit voltage losses (ΔV) in the radiative (ΔV) and non-radiative (ΔV) limits, due to sub-bandgap absorption and deep defects, respectively. Recently, several devices with power conversion efficiencies approaching 15% have been reported, prompting renewed interest in the possibility that the key performance-limiting factors have been addressed. In this work, we analyze the sources of ΔV in these devices and offer directions for future research.

A vaccine emergency-when to overrule parental refusal of vaccination at birth for prevention of vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus?

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a potentially chronic infection that can be transmitted from mother to child with the risk of developing cirrhosis, liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma. There is a safe and effective vaccine to prevent vertical transmission that is recommended to be given as soon as possible after birth and within 24 hours.When a woman with HBV refuses the birth dose of HBV vaccine for her baby, infectious diseases and safeguarding teams are asked to provide urgent opinions on whether this crosses the threshold for triggering child protection mechanisms.

Clinical predictors and prognostic impact of left ventricular thrombus recurrence.

Background: There is limited contemporary data available on the subject of left ventricular thrombus (LVT) recurrence. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence, outcomes and predictors of patients with LVT recurrence after resolution.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study involving 346 patients with resolved LVT at baseline, derived from an echocardiography database at a tertiary medical centre, from March 2011 to January 2021.

Emerging Threats in Dermatophytosis: Antimicrobial Resistance in Trichophyton, with Emphasis on T. indotineae.

Antimicrobial-resistant Trichophyton infections have emerged as a significant global health concern. We reviewed the literature on their clinical manifestations, resistance mechanisms, and diagnostic and treatment challenges, focusing on Trichophyton indotineae (T. indotineae).

3D Structural Phenotype of the Optic Nerve Head in Glaucoma and Myopia - A Key to Improving Glaucoma Diagnosis in Myopic Populations.

Purpose: To characterize the 3D structural phenotypes of the optic nerve head (ONH) in patients with glaucoma, high myopia, and concurrent high myopia and glaucoma, and to evaluate their variations across these conditions.

Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study.

Participants: A total of 685 optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans from 754 subjects of Singapore-Chinese ethnicity, including 256 healthy (H), 94 highly myopic (HM), 227 glaucomatous (G), and 108 highly myopic with glaucoma (HMG) cases METHODS: We segmented the retinal and connective tissue layers from OCT volumes and their boundary edges were converted into 3D point clouds.

EcSnx27 facilitates in vitro release of Singapore grouper iridovirus and interacts with its major capsid protein.

Sorting nexin 27 (Snx27), a member of the sorting nexin (SNX) family, plays crucial roles in cell signaling, organelle motility, protein sorting and membrane remodeling/trafficking. While existing studies have focused on the functions of SNXs in mammalian viral diseases and immune regulation, little is known about fish-encoded SNXs, particularly their regulatory roles in aquatic virus infection. In this study, we characterized the Snx27 from the orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) and found that it facilitates the in vitro release of Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV), as evidenced by the detection of viable virions in the culture supernatants of SGIV-infected grouper spleen (GS) cells.

Dengue Epidemiology in 7 Southeast Asian Countries: 24-Year, Retrospective, Multicountry Ecological Study.

Background: Dengue fever remains the most significant vector-borne disease in Southeast Asia, imposing a substantial burden on public health systems. Global warming and increased international mobility may exacerbate the disease's prevalence. Furthermore, the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic may have influenced the epidemiological patterns of dengue.

Flexibility-Induced Robustness in Molecular Catalysts for Electrocatalytic CO Reduction.

CO electroreduction to produce fuels and chemicals is of great significance. Molecular catalysts offer valuable advantages in light of their well-defined active sites and tunable structural and electronic properties. However, their stability is often compromised by rigid conjugated structures.

Bimorph Soft Actuators Based on Isostructural Heterogeneous Janus Films.

Bimorph soft actuators, traditionally composed of two materials with distinct responses to external stimuli, often face durability challenges due to structural incompatibility. Here, we propose an alternative design employing free-standing, isostructural heterogeneous Janus (IHJ) films that harmonize stability with high actuation efficiency. These IHJ films were fabricated through a vacuum self-assembly process, consisting of TiCT MXene nanosheets and hybrid graphene oxide (GO)-biomass bacterial cellulose (BC), with a well-matched two-dimensional lattice structure.

Ultrathin Amorphous Boron Nitride Films and Their Functional Integration in Lithium Metal Anodes.

Ultrathin amorphous materials are promising counterparts to 2D crystalline materials, yet their properties and functionalities remain poorly understood. Amorphous boron nitride (aBN) has attracted attention for its ultralow dielectric constant and superior manufacturability compared with hexagonal boron nitride. Here, we demonstrate wafer-scale growth of ultrathin aBN films with exceptional thickness and composition uniformity using capacitively coupled plasma-chemical vapor deposition (CCP-CVD) at 400 °C.

Personalized Interactive Music Systems for Physical Activity and Exercise: Exploratory Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Personalized Interactive Music Systems (PIMSs) are emerging as promising devices for enhancing physical activity and exercise outcomes. By leveraging real-time data and adaptive technologies, PIMSs align musical features, such as tempo and genre, with users' physical activity patterns, including frequency and intensity, enhancing their overall experience.

Objective: This exploratory systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the effectiveness of PIMSs across physical, psychophysical, and affective domains.

Presynaptic and postsynaptic determinants of claustro-cortical connectivity.

The claustrum (CLA) is a thin and elongated brain structure that is located between the insula and lateral striatum and is implicated in a wide range of behaviors. It is characterized by its extensive synaptic connectivity with multiple cortical regions. While CLA projection neurons are glutamatergic, several studies have shown an inhibitory impact of CLA on its cortical targets, suggesting the involvement of inhibitory cortical interneurons.

From cues to categorizations: An integrative framework for leader (re-)categorization over time.

Who is perceived as a leader? Traditional theories of leader categorization have primarily emphasized observable behaviors as the key basis for making this judgment. However, a growing body of research shows that perceivers rely on a broader set of cues-beyond behavior alone-that differentially shape leadership attributions. To integrate these perspectives, we present a comprehensive review of how multiple-and sometimes competing-cues are perceived, interpreted, and activated as traits in the leader categorization process.

Presbyopia-correcting intraocular lenses in eyes with corneal conditions: an update.

Purpose Of Review: Modern presbyopia-correcting intraocular lenses (IOLs) offer a potential solution to address the rising postoperative demand and expectations for spectacle independence following cataract surgery. However, IOL calculation and selection becomes more complex when presented with previous corneal refractive surgery (CRS) or co-existing corneal conditions. This review explores the use of presbyopia-correcting IOLs in eyes with co-existing corneal conditions or surgically altered corneas.