New Anti-HIV Agents Isolated From Two Euphorbia Species.

Four previously unreported tigliane diterpenes (1, 2, 4, and 6), along with two known tiglianes (3 and 5), were isolated from the latex of Euphorbia palustris and Euphorbia lucida. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques. Antiviral activity assays for compounds 1‒4 and 6 against HIV-1 and HIV-2 replication were performed on a CD4 T cell line, MT-4 cells.

Recent Advances in Metal-Organic Framework Nanozyme (MOFzyme)-Based Biosensors for Detecting Food Contaminants.

Ensuring food safety and freshness demands highly sensitive and reliable biosensors for food contaminant detection, where signal probes act as vital elements in this endeavor. Metal-organic framework nanozymes (MOFzymes) have emerged as signal probes owing to their highly tunable porosity, component versatility for modulating enzyme-like activity, and customizable surface modifications. This review systematically encapsulates MOFzyme-based biosensors for the identification of diverse food pollutants.

Factors associated with online information seeking about mental health among high school students in Belgrade, Serbia.

Adolescents may not necessarily have a specific mental health challenge to seek information on mental health. They may be genuinely curious on how to better understand these issues, especially when mental health is being discussed in school, among peers and with parents. The purpose of this study was to examine the frequency and factors associated with online information seeking about mental health among adolescents.

Hypertensive acute heart failure: a critical perspective on definition, epidemiology, pathophysiology, and prognosis-a narrative review: a joint session with the Romanian Society of Cardiology (part II).

Hypertensive acute heart failure (HT-AHF) has historically been recognized as a distinct clinical phenotype of AHF, characterized by acute pulmonary congestion in the context of elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP), typically > 140 mmHg. However, emerging evidence has begun to challenge the diagnostic accuracy, clinical utility, and relevance of this category. A main criticism of HT-AHF is its considerable overlap with other AHF clinical profiles, including acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) and acute pulmonary oedema (APO).

Managing penicillin resistant pneumococcal meningitis: an international id-iri study.

Penicillin-resistant pneumococcal meningitis (PRPM) is a challenging and fatal infection. We conducted a multicentre international retrospective study to evaluate the clinical features, outcomes, predictors of outcomes antimicrobial efficacy and drug susceptibility in patients with PRPM. The study, conducted through the "Infectious Diseases-International Research Initiative" across 33 centers in 11 countries, analyzed PRPM patients treated between 2019 and 2024 using univariate and multivariate analyses.

Electrostatic Potentials at Nuclei for Atoms From Z = 1 to Z = 54 Using the aHGBSP1-5 Basis Set.

The electrostatic potential at the nucleus of an atom, whether it be in the free state or in a neutral molecule or in an ionic molecular species, is qualitatively a characteristic property of the atom. It changes remarkably little from one molecular environment to another. As has been shown earlier by Politzer, the energies of atoms and molecules can be expressed both rigorously and approximately in terms of the electrostatic potentials at their nuclei.

An expert panel review of endoscopic vein harvesting devices: benefits, limitations, and clinical insights.

Objectives: Endoscopic Vessel Harvesting (EVH) devices are technically complex and the learning curve for novice practitioners can be steep, due to the need for refined hand-eye coordination and device familiarity. Training and mentoring approaches vary widely, as does the experience level of practitioners entering EVH practice.

Methods: This expert review was conducted by 10 international EVH specialists from the UK, USA, and Serbia, each with 18 to 28 years of experience.

Factors influencing the well-being of Central and Eastern European university teachers: the role of physical activity and the sources of stress and resources in the workplace.

Background: While previously a university education career seemed like a predictable, relatively stress-free, flexible, socially recognized profession, this today is no longer the case. Where it once was a job which protected its teachers from all sorts of workplace sources of stress like uncertainty, low work control, it now no longer offers such shielding.

Methods: In our study, based on the Jobs-Demands and Resources Theory, we examined the backgrounds and predictor roles of institutional stress sources and resources, and physical activity as an individual asset, in the wellbeing of teachers.

Pervasive non-random mitochondrial DNA heteroplasmy in the hybrid water frog Pelophylax esculentus.

Background: Heteroplasmy, the presence of more than one type of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) within an individual, is an exception to the maternal transmission of mtDNA and has been observed in several animal species. A central question is whether heteroplasmy among individuals and across generations is mainly influenced by genetic drift or by selection.

Results: We quantified heteroplasmy in eight males, eight females and eight unfertilized eggs per female from a natural population of the hybrid frog species Pelophylax esculentus (between P.

Evolving Paradigms and Future Frontiers In Heart Transplantation in the Modern Era: A State-of-Art Focus Review.

Heart transplantation stands at the threshold of a new era shaped by transformative advances across the clinical and scientific continuum. This contemporary review highlights developments with the greatest potential to shift practice and improve patient outcomes. First, evolving strategies in organ preservation and transport- such as ex vivo perfusion and normothermic techniques- are expanding geographic boundaries and optimizing donor heart utilization.

Towards consensus: The need for standardised definitions in Long (post) COVID care in 34 European countries.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted global healthcare systems, leading to challenges in managing Long COVID. Variations in definitions and diagnostic criteria across Europe hinder recognition and treatment efforts. This study aims to analyse and compare the definitions of Long COVID used in 34 European countries.

Drug interactions in hospitalized patients: Critical importance of renal disease and drug monitoring based on data from hospital departments of internal medicine in Serbia.

Introduction: Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) have been associated with adverse drug reactions (ADRs) which can cause hospitalization. The aim of this study was to associate potential DDIs (pDDIs) with potential ADRs upon admission to hospital among patients on five internal medicine wards.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on the cardiology, nephrology, endocrinology, gastroenterology, and geriatrics ward.

Fremanezumab for the treatment of migraine.

Fremanezumab is a monoclonal antibody inhibiting the CGRP signaling leading to migraine prophylaxis. Its efficacy and potential safety concerns are updated here. All available data on fremanezumab were searched in PubMed with emphasis on the mechanisms of action, efficacy, tolerability, and safety.

Asymmetric T-segment binding and gate dynamics govern the final stages of the type IIA topoisomerase catalytic cycle.

Type IIA DNA topoisomerases are molecular nanomachines that alter DNA topology during essential cellular processes. The final steps of their catalytic cycle, after translocation of the transported (T-) segment into the C-gate, are still not fully understood. Here, we performed all-atom molecular dynamics simulations of several conformational states of Saccharomyces cerevisiae topoisomerase IIA, each with a T-segment inserted into the C-gate.

Integrated profiling of essential metals, phenolic compounds, anti-inflammatory and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities for five medicinal plants.

Medicinal plants are valuable sources of bioactive compounds. In this study, we analyzed the levels of essential metals (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn) in the leaves of Punica granatum, Teucrium montanum, Chaerophyllum coloratum, Petteria ramentacea, and Menyanthes trifoliata using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Ethanolic leaf extracts were assessed for anti-inflammatory activity via bovine serum albumin BSA and egg albumin (EgA) denaturation assays and for antioxidant potential by hydroxyl radical scavenging using EPR (Electron Paramagnetic Resonance) spectroscopy.

Effects of glyphosate-based herbicide on oxidative stress and neurotoxicity parameters in newt (Triturus ivanbureschi) larvae under temperature changes predicted by future climate scenarios.

The alarming decline of amphibian populations can largely be attributed to extent use of pesticide and global warming process. Special concerns were raised over the glyphosate-based formulations, one of the most commonly applied herbicides worldwide, due to their potentially detrimental effects on different animal groups. However, researches on the effects of glyphosate in newt species are still scarce.

Unveiling the antimicrobial, biofilm inhibition, and photoprotective potential of Bupleurum falcatum L. for dermatological applications.

L. is known for its therapeutic properties, especially in treating fever, inflammation, and infectious diseases. However, its potential for dermatological applications remains mainly unexplored.

Floristic diversity and assessment of the conservation status of Togo's plant species.

Regular updates of floristic lists are essential for assessing the state of flora, identifying threatened species, and guiding conservation actions. This study aims to provide a comprehensive assessment of the floristic diversity and conservation status of plant species across selected ecological zones in Togo. A total of 121 plots, with areas determined based on the types of vegetation formations, were randomly selected from a systematic grid of points spaced 5 km apart, generated using QGIS 3.

Comparative Analysis of Anthocyanins and Vitamin C Content, Antioxidant Potential, and Antimicrobial Activity of Eight Black Currant (Ribes nigrum L.) Varieties Juices.

This study aimed to compare the juices of eight black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) varieties: Ben Nevis, Ben Lomond, Bona, Čačanska crna, Öyebin, Silmu, Tsema, and Titania. The comparison focused on their dominant anthocyanin content, vitamin C levels, and their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties.

Antithrombotic therapy after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a Clinical Consensus Statement of the ESC Working Group on Cardiovascular Surgery, the ESC Working Group on Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy, and the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS).

Antithrombotic therapy is essential after coronary artery bypass graft surgery to reduce ischaemic events and prevent graft occlusion. Although aspirin remains the most commonly used agent, in higher-risk patients, dual antiplatelet therapy or combining antiplatelet therapy with oral anticoagulation may be beneficial, but this increases bleeding risk. The choice of antithrombotic therapy should be tailored to each patient, based on their ischaemic and bleeding risks, and regularly reassessed.