Ursolic Acid from Carissa carandas L. as a Multi-Target Agent Against NSCLC: An Integrative In Silico and In Vitro Study.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Carissa carandas L. ('Karonda'), a medicinal shrub from the Apocynaceae family, has been traditionally used in Indian ethnomedicine for the treatment of inflammation, infections, and respiratory disorders. Its phytochemically rich extracts have demonstrated diverse pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, and anticancer effects.

Integrated computational and preclinical evaluation of novel synthetic pyrazole pyrazoline thiazole derivative for breast cancer therapeutics.

Breast cancer is the uncontrolled growth of breast cells in the lobules or the inner lining of milk ducts due to dysfunction of regulatory genes. The drugs currently used in breast cancer treatment have severe limitations. The study aimed to test 10 new synthetic forms of pyrazole clubbed pyrazoline thiazole derivatives for their ability to kill tumor cells, reduce inflammation, fight free radicals, and other important factors linked to breast cancer.

Semiconductor NbSe nanoparticles synthesized at various temperatures: a novel promising antifungal candidate with wound healing potential.

This study reports the synthesis of niobium diselenide (NbSe) nanoparticles at room temperature (RT), 70 °C, and 100 °C a sonochemical method, followed by an assessment of their structural, morphological, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and wound healing properties. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy analyses revealed changes in the crystallinity, size, and morphology of the nanoparticles as a function of synthesis temperature. The sample synthesized at 70 °C exhibited the highest cytotoxicity against HaCaT cells, while those synthesized at RT and 100 °C showed moderate and low cytotoxicity, respectively.

Impact of carbohydrate sources on the longevity and physiological traits of the European honey bee workers.

Carbohydrates are vital for honey bee energy, fitness, and survival, influencing colony dynamics and resilience. This study examined the effects of various carbohydrate sources on honeybee longevity, hypopharyngeal gland size, gene expression, and gut microbiome composition. Newly emerged bees were fed white sugar, brown sugar, corn syrup (CS), maltose, acacia honey, chestnut honey, and oligosaccharide ad libitum.

One-Pot Synthesis of Novel 3-{(1H-Benzo[d]Imidazol-2-yl)Amino(Phenyl)Methyl}Benzofuran-2(3H)-Ones as Antimicrobial Agents and Their Molecular Docking Studies.

Aminobenzimidazole-coumaranone conjugates, specifically 3-{[(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)amino](substitutedphenyl)methyl}benzofuran-2(3H)-ones, were synthesized through a one-pot reaction involving 2-coumaranone, aryl aldehydes, and 2-aminobenzimidazole. This reaction, catalyzed by triethylamine in acetonitrile at 80°C, achieved yields of up to 85%. Preparative liquid chromatography successfully isolated compounds 4b and 4c as two isomers with purities reaching 99.

Substrate temperature modulated optical characterizations of α-CdInSe thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition technique.

The current study examines the effect of substrate temperature ( ) on the optical characteristics of CdInSe thin films grown by the pulsed laser deposition technique using a UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer. Transmittance maxima of CdInSe thin films shift with a change in , exhibit high absorption in the visible region, and depict an absorption coefficient () of ≃10 m. Refractive index spectra of CdInSe thin films controlled by reflect crests at characteristic wavelengths ( ) and a wavelength () higher than ; spectra display normal dispersion.

Functionalized spirogyra biowaste as a sustainable cathode material for high performance aqueous rechargeable Zn-I battery with dual mechanism.

Zn-ion batteries have been explored rigorously in the last decade owing to its high abundance, ease of availability, and theoretical specific capacity, which makes it a viable alternative to Li-ion batteries. Carbonizing waste biomass for electrode material can make the battery sustainable and cost-effective but the involvement of difficult cleaning and high temperature calcination process negates the cost-effectiveness. As a viable solution, a simple low temperature chemical treatment of spirogyra biomass is being proposed as an alternative to carbon-based cathode material in this work.

Optoelectronic applications of chemical bath deposited CuSnS (CTS) thin films.

CuSnS (CTS) thin film (TF) is deposited by a low-cost chemical bath deposition method. The wurtzite unit cell structure of deposited CTS TF is confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. The atomic force microscopy shows uniform and defect-free deposition of CTS TF.

Room-Temperature Accessible Stereospecific Synthesis of Methyl-(Z)-2-(7-methyl-3-oxo-5H-thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-2(3H)-ylidene)acetates:Cd Fluorescence Probe and DU145 Cell Study.

Stereospecific synthesis of Methyl-(Z)-2-(7-methyl-3-oxo-5H-thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-2(3H)-ylidene)acetates 3(a-t) is designed and explored their application as fluorescent probes for Cd ions for the first time. These analogs are synthesized via one-pot reaction of (R/S)-2-thioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidine-5-carboxanilides (TDHPM-5-carboxanilides) with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate in MeOH (methanol) as a reusable green solvent at room temperature (RT). Two new C(sp)N, C(sp)S sigma bonds, and one new C-N π-bond are formed during this transformation, achieving yields of up to 99%.

Ethanol-mediated one-pot synthesis of 3-phenyl-3,4,5,12-tetrahydrobenzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-b]quinazolin-1(2H)-ones as PDGFRA inhibitors.

Establishing novel kinase inhibitors with anticancer properties are key milestones in medicinal chemistry. To this end, the current work reports a new method for the synthesis of novel 3-phenyl-3,4,5,12-tetrahydrobenzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-b]quinazolin-1(2H)-ones with compound 4p exhibiting potent activity against type III receptor tyrosine kinase PDGFRA. These analogues were designed and prepared through a one-pot three-component reaction of 2-aminobenzimidazole with aryl-/heteryl-aldehydes and 5-phenyl-cyclohexane-1,3-dione in ethanol as a green and reusable solvent at reflux temperature.

Evaluation of Red Palm Weevils (: Curculionidae) for Putative Oxidation of Ingested Polystyrene and Polyurethane and Their Gut Microbiota Response.

This study assessed the growth performance of red palm weevil (RPW) (: Curculionidae) larvae on a liquid diet of yeast-enriched potato dextrose broth (control) and on diets with added polystyrene and polyurethane. For 15 days of diet exposure, the growth and survival, plastic degradation, and gut microbiota of larvae were examined. RPWs showed higher survival rates under polystyrene and polyurethane treatments than in the control group.

AQbD-Based Development and Validation of HPTLC Method for Simultaneous Determination of Glycopyrronium, Formoterol Fumarate and Budesonide in Rotacaps.

Analytical quality by design was used to develop and validate a sensitive, accurate and precise high performance thin layer chromatography method for the determination of glycopyrronium (GLY), formoterol fumarate (FFD) and budesonide (BUD) in pharmaceutical dosage form (Rota caps). Design of Experiment was carried out by Placket-Burman screening design and Box- Behnken response surface methodology using peak area and Rf value as critical method attributes. Method operable design region was navigated for optimization and development of the method.

Triphase Photocatalysis: Beyond Conventional Diphase Photocatalytic Reactions.

Poor light absorption, recombination of photogenerated charges, low surface area, and insufficient catalytically active sites are the most studied conventional bottlenecks of photocatalysis processes, which hinder the efficiency of photocatalytic materials. However, there are other less studied factors such as solubility and diffusion of reactants in the reaction system, which are also responsible for sluggish kinetics and can alter the reaction selectivity. The conventional diphase photocatalytic reactions at the liquid-solid interface suffer from poor solubility and slow transport of the reactants in a reaction medium.

Recent Advances in Development of Buccal Formulations: From Small to Macromolecules.

Buccal drug delivery offers a promising alternative to conventional oral administration, bypassing hepatic first-pass metabolism and gastric degradation that often limit drug bioavailability. This review explores the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the buccal mucosa that make it amenable to drug absorption, examining key formulation strategies including Quality by Design (QbD) principles, the use of mucoadhesive polymers, and permeation enhancers. The review further highlights recent advancements in buccal drug delivery systems, with a particular focus on nanotechnology-based approaches for enhancing the delivery of small as well as macromolecules and biologics.

Biochanin A, an isoflavone isolated from Roxb. ex DC., leaves promote ROS-mediated and caspase-dependent apoptosis in lung adenocarcinoma cells.

The objective of this study was to isolate and characterize a cytotoxic compound from the hydromethanolic extract of Roxb. ex DC. leaves using the cold percolation technique.

Genomic insights into Neopusillimonas aestuarii sp. nov., a novel estuarine bacterium with adaptations for ectoine biosynthesis and stress tolerance.

A novel Gram-stain-negative, aerobic rod-shaped bacterial strain, which was catalase- and oxidase-positive, designated as DMV24BSW_D, was isolated from the estuarine waters of the Bhavnagar (India) coast of the Arabian Sea. Its 16S rRNA gene exhibited 99.52% similarity with Neopusillimonas maritima 17-4A, followed by 97.

Insights into the synthesis and structural properties of pro-chiral 2-acetyl--aryl-2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)pent-4-ynamides/-2-allyl-4-enamide derivatives through kinetics and energy frameworks.

In this study, we successfully synthesized a series of pro-chiral 2-acetyl--aryl-2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)pent-4-ynamide/-2-allyl-4-enamide derivatives 5(a-n) starting from 4-enamide--(prop-2-yn-1-yl)pent-4-ynamide/--allyl-4-enamide 4 through a bimolecular nucleophilic substitution (S2) reaction. We report, for the first time, a novel C-C bond formation between allyl and acetoacetanilide derivatives, supported by detailed mechanistic analysis involving alkyne interactions. The reaction mechanism, characterized by a nucleophilic attack at the substrate's carbon center leading to displacement of the leaving group, was validated through intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC) analysis, providing deeper insights into its pathway and dynamics.

Protective effect of preconception high dose vitamin D3 supplementation in gestational diabetes mellitus rats via modulation of placental LCPUFA metabolism, one carbon cycle components, inflammation, oxidative stress, and angiogenesis.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), one of the most common pregnancy complications, adversely affects maternal and fetal health. This study investigated the impact of vitamin D3 (VD3) deficiency or supplementation on placental long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) metabolism, one-carbon cycle metabolites, inflammation, oxidative stress, angiogenesis, and birth outcomes in a GDM rat model. Wistar rats were divided into five groups: Control (1000 IU VD3/kg diet), Vitamin D Deficient (VDD, 0 IU VD3/kg diet), GDM (1000 IU VD3/kg diet + GDM), VD3 supplementation with 1500 IU (VDS-1500 +GDM), and VD3 supplementation with 10,000 IU (VDS-10,000 +GDM).

Ru-Catalyzed Deoxygenative Functionalization of Phenols via π-Coordination Activation: Mechanochemical Access to N-Aryl Amides and α-Aryl Carbonyls.

Given the vast occurrence and availability of both primary amides and phenols, the synthesis of N-aryl amides via direct coupling between these starting materials would be much attractive. Herein, we report an efficient method for the mechanochemical synthesis of N-aryl amides via ruthenium-catalyzed direct amidation of unprotected phenols with primary amides with water as the sole byproduct. Unexpectedly, replacing amides with methyl carboxylic acids, esters, or ketones, the same reaction led to the formation of α-aryl carbonyl derivatives instead of the anticipated aryl carboxylates.

Mechanochemical Sequential Deoxygenative Cross-Coupling Reactions of Phenols Under Ruthenium-Nickel Catalysis.

Herein, we report the first mechanochemical strategy for the Ru-catalyzed deoxygenative borylation of free phenols via C-O bond cleavage. This Ru-catalyzed phenolic borylation approach has been successfully extended to the Suzuki-Miyaura-type cross-coupling of phenols with aryl bromides. The protocol accepts a wide scope of phenolic substrates, allowing the synthesis of aryl pinacolboranes and biphenyl structures in excellent yields and serving as a better alternative to classical cross-coupling reactions in the context of pot, atom, and step economy synthesis.

Exploring molecular interactions and dielectric relaxation in n-octanol/DMF binary mixtures: a machine learning-enhanced VNA study.

The complex permittivity spectra (CPS) of n-Octanol and N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) mixtures were examined over the entire concentration range (0.0 → 1.0) and within the frequency range of 200 MHz to 20 GHz, utilizing a vector network analyzer (VNA) at 303.

Structure and stability of phycocyanin from thermotolerant Oscillatoria.

Phycocyanin (PC), a pigment-protein complex with diverse biotechnological applications, plays a key role in light energy transfer for photosynthesis in cyanobacteria. PC (O-PC) from a thermotolerant cyanobacteria Oscillatoria sp. N09DM exhibits remarkable stability compared to its mesophilic counterparts, making it highly valuable for industrial and medical applications.

Characterising the Human Milk Microbiota of Indian Mothers: Prospects for Probiotic Discoveries and Antimicrobial Peptides.

The human milk microbiome is vital in the formation of the newborn microbiome and affects various health outcomes. Probiotics prevent severe necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates, but uncertainty about their safety is the obstacle to their use. Probiotic organisms and antimicrobial peptides derived from probiotic strains in human milk can offer safer options.

Ruthenium Catalyzed Mechanochemical Transformation of Sulfonamide Group to Fluoro, Trifluoromethyl, and Trifluoromethoxy Functionalities.

A convenient route for the mechanochemical synthesis of fluorinated aromatic compounds, that is, fluoro, trifluoromethyl, and trifluoromethoxy arenes, has been developed via pyrylium tetrafluoroborate (Pyry-BF)-mediated desulfonamidative cross-coupling of primary sulfonamides under the synergy of a piezoelectric material BaTiO, and Ru-catalysis. This is the first-ever report on the selective transformation of sulfonamide (SONH) functionality to CF/OCF/F group in a single step under mechanochemical ball-milling conditions. Considering the importance of primary sulfonamides as the valuable pharmacophores, the present desulfonamidative cross-coupling approach could have potential to get synthetic utility in pharmaceutical industries for the late-stage functionalization of sulfonamide drugs and related active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs).

Secure healthcare data management using multimodal image fusion and dual watermarking.

This study introduces a robust framework to address critical security requirements in digital healthcare systems, ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of medical data. It employs Laplacian redecomposition to fuse MRI and SPECT/PET images, creating a host image for embedding Aadhaar card image and a computed hash value. The embedding process integrates lifting wavelet transform, Hessenberg decomposition, and singular value decomposition to balance imperceptibility and robustness.