The Role of Pre-soaked Bone Cement Gelatin Sponge Strips in Sealing Anterior Vertebral Wall Defects During Percutaneous Kyphoplasty for Osteoporotic Thoracolumbar Compression Fractures in the Elderly: A Retrospective Study.

Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.ObjectivesUnilateral percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) is widely used to treat osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) in elderly patients. Cement leakage is the most common complication and may cause serious consequences.

Additive manufacturing in radiation shielding design: Production of ulexite-doped polymers with DLP technology, structural and physical properties.

The rapid advancement of three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies has significantly expanded their potential applications such as sensors and detector technology. In this study, the gamma-ray shielding performance of ulexite-doped composite resins fabricated via Digital Light Processing (DLP) 3D printing was experimentally investigated to evaluate radiation attenuation capacity. Composite resins containing different ulexite loadings (0, 1, 3, and 5 wt%) were exposed to gamma rays at energies of 356, 662, 1173, and 1333 keV to evaluate their attenuation characteristics.

Genomic resequencing unravels species differentiation and polyploid origins in the aquatic plant genus Trapa.

Trapa L. is a non-cereal aquatic crop with significant economic and ecological value. However, debates over its classification have caused uncertainties in species differentiation and the mechanisms of polyploid speciation.

Synergistic Methylene Blue-Driven FAPI Uptake Mechanism Advancing the Detection of Myocardial Fibrosis in Hypertensive Heart Disease.

Myocardial fibrosis, a key pathological feature of hypertensive heart disease (HHD), remains diagnostically challenging due to limited clinical tools. In this study, a FAPI-targeted uptake mechanism previously reported by our group, originally developed for tumor imaging, is extended to the detection of myocardial fibrosis in HHD using [F]F-NOTA-FAPI-MB. The diagnostic performance of this tracer is compared with those of [F]F-FDG, [F]F-FAPI-42, and [F]F-NOTA-FAP2286, and its potential for fluorescence imaging is also evaluated.

Effects of isoflavone supplementation, via red clover hay, on the growth and postgraze physiological recovery of beef steers grazing endophyte-infected tall fescue pastures.

Livestock grazing endophyte-infected (E+) tall fescue can exhibit persistent systemic vasoconstriction and fescue toxicosis. Isoflavones in legumes, most notably red clover (RC), are known hypotensive agents. The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the effect of isoflavone supplementation via RC hay, every day or every other day (QOD), on average daily gain (ADG) of steers grazing E+ tall fescue pastures and their physiological recovery after grazing when managed on a non-toxic diet (28-d).

Generic Intravenous Amisulpride (QLG2069) for the Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Adults: A Phase III, Multicenter, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study.

Background: The dopamine D2/D3 antagonist amisulpride has demonstrated its superiority and efficacy in prophylaxis of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Given the branded intravenous amisulpride (Barhemsys) has not been approved in China, there is unmet clinical need for amisulpride. Our primary objective was to ascertain the efficacy and safety of the generic intravenous amisulpride (QLG2069) in the prophylaxis of PONV.

Insight into the Undesired Racemization of l-Glufosinate during Heating in the Aqueous Phase.

l-glufosinate has garnered increasing attention as an ideal herbicide for weed control in agriculture. However, the underlying racemization process of l-glufosinate in the aqueous phase remains unclear. In this work, we elucidated the racemization mechanisms through heating reactions and theoretical calculations.

A Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial of Nurse-Led Screening-Based Early Care Program from the Time of Diagnosis for Patients with Advanced Lung Cancer and Their Caregivers.

Background: Although early palliative care (EPC) integrated into standard cancer care improves the quality of lives of patients with cancer and their caregivers, implementation strategies for EPC programs in individual clinical settings have not been established.

Objective: This pilot randomized controlled trial explored the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of nurse-led EPC using a screening-based program that focused on the individual concerns of patients with advanced lung cancer and their caregivers.

Design: This pilot study was a parallel-group randomized controlled trial in which patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either EPC using the care program or standard care alone.

Correction: α-Mangostin alleviated inflammation in rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis by disrupting adipocytes-mediated metabolism-immune feedback.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.

Surface Reconstruction in Quasi-2D Perovskite Films Treated with Cesium Halide Nanocrystals: Halide Exchange or Phase Transformation.

The formation of heterostructure interfaces from quantum dots (or nanocrystals) and lower-dimensional (2D or quasi-2D) materials enables interfacial and optoelectronic property tuning. However, this strategy has not been sufficiently characterized, for example, the application of cesium halide nanocrystals to quasi-2D perovskite structures is underexplored, and the mechanisms of the resulting structural modifications and specific nanocrystal roles are not fully understood. Herein, the effects of postsynthetically surface-modifying quasi-2D perovskite films with CsX ( = Cl, Br, I) nanocrystals are examined to bridge this gap.

Urbanization cast a shadow over bacterial community in river sediment: Insights from community diversity, assembly processes and network interactions.

Rivers reflect natural-anthropogenic interactions, yet how urbanization affects riverine bacterial communities along rural-urban gradients is poorly understood. This study examined bacterial diversity and assembly mechanisms along such a gradient of river sediments. Results showed that bacterial diversity significantly decreased with increasing urban influence.

Thorough Physiological Assessment in Non-Culprit Vessels of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction: Is It a Required Action?

Backgrounds: The management of non-culprit vessels (NCV) among individuals with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains an unsolved problem. Angiography-derived physiological assessments developed recently may help address this issue. Our study aims to measure angiography-derived fractional flow reserve (Angio-FFR) and angiography-derived index of microcirculatory resistance (Angio-IMR) in NCVs of AMI patients and explore their prognostic values and necessity.

Impact of intramammary infections on mammary gland development in pregnant dairy heifers during late gestation.

Intramammary infections are common in nonlactating dairy cattle and have been shown to disrupt mammary tissue architecture in nonpregnant heifers. However, their effect on mammary development during pregnancy remains unclear. This study assessed the effects of IMI on mammary gland development in pregnant dairy heifers during late gestation.

Agrochemical fungicides as environmental drivers of antifungal resistance.

Once neglected, the debate on antifungal drug resistance has increased due to the emergence of antifungal resistant strains. Several factors are associated with the increase in resistance rates, and the use of fungicides in agricultural practice is probably an important cause. This review aimed to summarize studies performed with fungicides, which could show the correlation between the use of these agrochemicals and the development of cross-resistance to clinical antifungals in human/animal pathogenic fungi.

Prevalence and risk factors for persistent opioid use after thoracic surgery: A retrospective cohort study in a prefecture of Japan.

Objective: Thoracic surgery is known to lead to post-operative opioid dependence in countries with high opioid consumption; however, there are limited reports from countries with moderate to low opioid consumption, such as Japan. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors for persistent opioid use after thoracic surgery in Japan.

Design: A retrospective cohort study using linked medical claims data from the National Health Insurance in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan.

Development of a Modular-Based Phantom for Quality Assurance of Single-Isocenter Multiple-Target Stereotactic Radiosurgery.

Background: Single-isocenter multiple-target (SIMT) treatments are a robust beam delivery technique involving modulated multileaf collimators for off-axis targets. SIMT requires quality assurance (QA) for both dosimetry and geometry to ensure accurate beam delivery according to the treatment plan. A primary challenge in SIMT QA is the need for phantoms capable of evaluating both dosimetric and geometric accuracy.

Topology and kinetic pathways of colloidosome assembly and disassembly.

Closed capsules, such as lipid vesicles, soap bubbles, and emulsion droplets, are ubiquitous throughout biology, engineered matter, and everyday life. Their creation and disintegration are defined by a singularity that separates a topologically distinct extended liquid film from a boundary-free closed shell. Such topology-changing processes are of fundamental interest.

Autophagy Modulation by Antidepressants: Mechanisms and Implications.

Depression is a significant global health concern that extends beyond mere neurotransmitter imbalances, as the significance of autophagy in cellular recycling is increasingly recognized as pivotal in its pathogenesis and therapeutic intervention. This review thoroughly integrates the insights on how various antidepressants, such as SSRIs, SNRIs, and TCAs, confer therapeutic efficacy through modulation of autophagy pathways. We present evidence indicating that these pharmacological agents can augment autophagic flux, facilitate the clearance of neurotoxic protein aggregates, mitigate neuroinflammation, and enhance mitochondrial functionality, all of which represent critical elements of depressive pathology.

Usefulness of the BirdView™ in preventing devices from being lost visual field during robotic surgery using the Hugo™ RAS system: a prospective study.

Background: The greatest advantage of robotic surgery is that it enables precise surgery through a magnified three-dimensional (3D) image effect, multi-degree-of-freedom forceps, and a stable surgical field. However, it has disadvantages such as lack of tactile sensation and the existence of blind spots and the possibility of organ damage is higher in comparison to open or laparoscopic surgery. To solve these two major problems, we developed BirdView™, a wide view camera system.

An ultrasensitive electrode modified with a molecularly imprinted PEDOT-TiO nanocomposite for voltammetric atrazine detection in environmental samples.

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have been studied to be used as a platform for electrochemical sensing devices, with special regard to the determination of pesticides. Due to MIP applicability, in the present research, we develop a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with a molecularly imprinted nanocomposite based on the doping of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) with chitosan (Chit) and TiO nanoparticles for sensing atrazine in environmental samples. The construction of the MIP nanocomposite was divided into four parts, which include the chitosan-TiO layer formation by simple drop-casting on the GCE, the doping and electropolymerization of the Chit+TiO+PEDOT layer, cavity formation, and elution.

Impact of chorionicity and histological chorioamnionitis on neurodevelopment and mortality in extremely preterm twins.

Background: Histological chorioamnionitis (HCAM) is associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes; however, its role in extremely preterm twin pregnancies (<28 weeks of gestation), particularly in relation to chorionicity, is unclear.

Objective: To evaluate the association between HCAM severity and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 3 years old in extremely preterm twins, focusing on the modifying effect of chorionicity.

Methods: Utilizing data from the Neonatal Research Network of Japan (2004-2020), this retrospective cohort study included twins born at <28 weeks' gestation and birth weight < 1500 g.

Synthesis and anti-cancer biological evaluation of a novel protoapigenone analogue, WYC-241.

Natural products are an important source for developing anti-cancer agents. Previously, we identified the anti-cancer flavonoid protoapigenone from (Gaud.) and synthesized its derivative, WYC-0209, with improved anti-cancer properties.