Depression Diagnoses Show Greatest Racial Disparity Among Lowest-Income Adults.

Purpose: Mental health disorders continue to increase and are the leading cause of disability among adults living in the United States. While there are well documented racial disparities among many physical health conditions, the association between race, ethnicity and depression is complicated and not well understood. Utilizing data obtained from the 2022 version of the Behavioral Risk Factors Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey, we examined the relation between the diagnosis of depression and race and ethnicity with a particular focus on how income levels play a role in such disparities.

Clinician Perceptions of Important Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities for Entry-Level Vestibular Physical Therapy.

Background And Purpose: No clear consensus exists regarding the expected proficiency of entry-level physical therapists (PTs) when practicing vestibular physical therapy (VPT). The aims of this research were to: 1) ascertain clinicians' and administrators' expectations of entry-level PTs' knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSA) for practicing VPT, and 2) explore correlations between clinician characteristics and their expectations for VPT KSA and performance level for entry-level PTs.

Methods: PTs and PT managers in the United States were invited to complete a survey consisting of 3 parts: 1) clinician/entity demographics, 2) importance of knowledge in foundational sciences, diagnostic groups, examination and intervention skills, and clinical decision-making, and 3) level of expected clinical performance.

The Effect of Running Speed on Cadence and Running Kinetics.

Background: Previous studies have shown that a lower running cadence (<170 steps/min) increases the risk of injury in runners. However, the immediate effect of increasing running speed on running cadence and ground reaction forces in experienced runners has not been well studied.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to examine the immediate effect of running speed on running cadence and ground reaction forces in a sample of experienced runners.

The Minnesota Conference proposed guidelines for education and training in clinical neuropsychology.

Objective: The Houston Conference Guidelines (Hannay et al., 1998) provided an initial framework for North American neuropsychology training that served the specialty well for several decades. Subsequent advances in technology, increased diversity of the U.

Role of Nursing in Initiation and Maintenance of a Neonatal Hemodynamics Program.

Specialists in neonatal hemodynamics have great potential to revolutionize the approach to hospitalized neonates with hemodynamic instability. Involvement of bedside nurses, advanced practice nurses, and advanced practice clinicians is critical to the success of caring for these infants. In this article, we describe a roadmap to involve nursing staff in the initiation and maintenance of neonatal hemodynamics programs in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Excellence in a Changing Climate: A Case for Climate-Informed, Environmentally Conscious Physical Therapy Education.

Background And Purpose: The World Health Organization declared climate change to be "the single biggest health threat facing humanity." Health professionals are called to advocate on behalf of their patients and communities. Physical therapy professionals, as health and movement experts, are uniquely qualified to respond to this call.

Escaping single disease silos: Assessing an escape room related to multiple disease states.

Introduction: Use of escape rooms in pharmacy education has increased; however, evidence is limited on their effectiveness in reinforcing pharmacy content. The purpose of this cohort study is to evaluate the effect of an escape room activity on second-year pharmacy students' knowledge across multiple disease states.

Methods: An escape room activity was integrated into a Doctor of Pharmacy Integrated Pharmacy Laboratory course to reinforce multiple disease states previously taught in Integrated Pharmacotherapy courses.

Call to Action: Lead Pharmacy into the Next Decade.

The pace of change in healthcare and throughout the world will only continue to escalate. This evolution of continuously changing information requires us to be responsive and innovative. There are more ways than ever to share information, and more need than ever to share best practices for leadership related to pharmacy.

Chronic lower back pain in adults with cerebral palsy: Stigma, anxiety, and physical decline.

Aim: To determine the biopsychosocial factors associated with pain interference and pain intensity in adults with cerebral palsy (CP) and chronic lower back pain (LBP).

Method: This study was a cross-sectional data analysis of a community survey examining function and chronic pain in adults with CP. We examined bivariate relationships and built two regression models with pain interference with general activities and pain intensity as the dependent variables and biopsychosocial factors as explanatory factors.

Perceived Companionship Is Associated with Pain Severity but Not Opioid Tapering Among Veterans with Chronic Pain.

Background: Chronic pain is more prevalent among Veterans than in the general population, and greater social support is linked to better pain outcomes and emotional well-being. For Veterans with chronic pain, social connections can enhance treatment effectiveness, while for those on long-term opioid therapy (LTOT), support may also facilitate pain management and opioid tapering.

Objective: To explore the relationship between self-reported companionship and changes in pain and opioid dosage among Veterans with chronic pain prescribed LTOT.

Caregiving and Jurisprudence: A Sociolegal History of the Family and Implications for Nursing.

This study examines the sociolegal construction of the family, its impact on informal caregiving, and the implications for family nursing. Nurses were among the first healthcare workers to recognize the family as a crucial site of growth, development, and recovery from illness. Despite widespread endorsement of family-centered principles, actual practice often falls short of ideals, and there is limited empirical evidence supporting the effectiveness of family-based interventions.

A Critical Review of Trunk and Hip Exercise Prescription: Applying Evidence for a Modern Approach.

Unlabelled: Exercise targeting the trunk and hip (core) musculature is common practice in rehabilitation and performance training. Historical underpinnings of core exercise focus on providing stability to the spine, thus improving the function of the spine and extremities, while instability has been postulated to result in pathology and impaired performance. Mechanistic studies on the topic are often conflicting and indeterminate, suggesting the theoretical underpinnings of targeted core exercise may be over assumed in common practice.

Insights Into Recovery: A Qualitative Analysis of Primary Care Provider Perspectives on Treating Veterans With Opioid Use Disorder in the VA Primary Care Setting.

Background: The Veterans Health Administration (VA) has prioritized addressing opioid use disorder (OUD) due to rising opioid overdose rates among Veterans, aiming to expand evidence-based OUD treatment in primary care. The purpose of this project was to (1) examine VA provider perspectives regarding OUD treatment in primary care, and (2) explore provider perceptions about stigma related to OUD.

Methods: From September 2021 to June 2022, we held 6 semi-structured focus groups with multidisciplinary VA primary care providers (n = 91 participants) via Microsoft Teams and in person.

Neuropsychological review of records in forensic cases: An AACN best practices paper with international perspectives.

: The purpose of this American Academy of Clinical Neuropsychology (AACN) paper is to provide the neuropsychological community with the fundamentals of a competent forensic review of records. : Narrative review addressing fundamental factors related to review of records. Examples highlighted information necessary for a forensic determination of traumatic brain injury (TBI), and the data from records that can be used to address questions regarding validity of presentation.

The latest developments in synthetic approaches to Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Introduction: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a rare X-linked genetic disorder caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene, leading to an almost complete absence of dystrophin, which is essential for muscle cell structure and function. This resulting muscle deterioration and fibrosis, eventually causes respiratory failure and cardiomyopathy. While there is currently no cure, existing therapies aim to prolong survival and alleviate symptoms.

Influence of Experience, Training Frequency, and Sex on Climbing-Specific Grip Force in Rock Climbers of Varying Skill Level.

Rock climbing is a growing sport at both professional and recreational levels. Rock climbing requires specific hand positions with high force outputs to adapt to changing terrain requirements. The purpose of this study was to explore associations between years of climbing experience, the frequency of training, and skill level on force production in 2 different climbing-specific hand positions.

Correlation of Mindfulness Practices, Resilience, and Compassion Satisfaction in Hospital-Based Healthcare Workers: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Goal: A lack of healthcare worker well-being is a serious threat to patient care quality and safety, as well as to the overall operational performance of hospitals in the US healthcare delivery system. Extreme resilience depletion and compassion fatigue are known to negatively influence individual well-being and have contributed to the rise in turnover in the healthcare workforce. The primary aim of this research was to identify interventions that health system leaders can use to combat resilience depletion and exhaustion among healthcare workers.

Novel non-opioid analgesics in pain management.

Effective pain management has long been hindered by the limitations and risks associated with opioid analgesics, necessitating the exploration of novel, non-opioid alternatives. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar during October and November 2024 to identify studies on emerging non-opioid pain management therapeutics. This review evaluates three promising classes of mechanism-specific therapeutics: nerve growth factor (NGF) monoclonal antibodies, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) antagonists, and selective sodium channel blockers.

Extracellular Vesicles from a Novel Chordoma Cell Line, ARF-8, Promote Tumorigenic Microenvironmental Changes When Incubated with the Parental Cells and with Human Osteoblasts.

Chordomas are rare, generally slow-growing spinal tumors that nonetheless exhibit progressive characteristics over time, leading to malignant phenotypes and high recurrence rates, despite maximal therapeutic interventions. The tumors are notoriously resistant to therapies and are often located in regions that complicate achieving gross total resections. Cell lines from these tumors are rare as well.

A cautionary tale of paradox and false positives in cannabidiol research.

Introduction: Decades of research on cannabidiol (CBD) have identified thousands of purported cellular effects, and many of these have been proposed to correlate with a vast therapeutic potential. Yet despite the large volume of findings fueling broad optimism in this regard, few have translated into any demonstrable clinical benefit or even notable side effects. Therein resides the great paradox of CBD: a drug that appears to affect almost everything does not clearly do much of anything in a clinical setting.