Prediction models for diagnosis and prognosis of covid-19: systematic review and critical appraisal.

Objective: To review and appraise the validity and usefulness of published and preprint reports of prediction models for diagnosing coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) in patients with suspected infection, for prognosis of patients with covid-19, and for detecting people in the general population at increased risk of covid-19 infection or being admitted to hospital with the disease.

Design: Living systematic review and critical appraisal by the COVID-PRECISE (Precise Risk Estimation to optimise covid-19 Care for Infected or Suspected patients in diverse sEttings) group.

Data Sources: PubMed and Embase through Ovid, up to 1 July 2020, supplemented with arXiv, medRxiv, and bioRxiv up to 5 May 2020.

Gender Differences in Authorship of Critical Care Literature.

Gender gaps exist in academic leadership positions in critical care. Peer-reviewed publications are crucial to career advancement, and yet little is known regarding gender differences in authorship of critical care research. To evaluate gender differences in authorship of critical care literature.

Association between Medicaid Expansion under the Affordable Care Act and Preemptive Listings for Kidney Transplantation.

Background And Objectives: Before 2014, low-income individuals in the United States with non-dialysis-dependent CKD had fewer options to attain health insurance, limiting their opportunities to be preemptively wait-listed for kidney transplantation. We examined whether expanding Medicaid under the Affordable Care Act was associated with differences in the number of individuals who were pre-emptively wait-listed with Medicaid coverage.

Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements: Using the United Network of Organ Sharing database, we performed a retrospective observational study of adults (age≥18 years) listed for kidney transplantation before dialysis dependence between January 1, 2011-December 31, 2013 (pre-Medicaid expansion) and January 1, 2014-December 31, 2016 (post-Medicaid expansion).

Approximately One In Three US Adults Completes Any Type Of Advance Directive For End-Of-Life Care.

Efforts to promote the completion of advance directives implicitly assume that completion rates of these documents, which help ensure care consistent with people's preferences in the event of incapacity, are undesirably low. However, data regarding completion of advance directives in the United States are inconsistent and of variable quality. We systematically reviewed studies published in the period 2011-16 to determine the proportion of US adults with a completed living will, health care power of attorney, or both.