Efficacy and safety of Derivo embolization device in intracranial aneurysms: A systematic review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Derivo embolization device (DED) is a second-generation flow diverter (FD) that has been increasingly used in the management of intracranial aneurysms (IAs). DEDs consist of 48 nitinol wires with an inner platinum core and a blue-colored coating of oxides and oxynitrides, which mitigates these FDs' thrombogenicity. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluate the efficacy and safety of DED in IAs.

Comparative performance of the InBios SCoV-2 Detect IgG ELISA and the in-house KWTRP ELISA in detecting SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG antibodies in Kenyan populations.

Background: The InBios SCoV-2 Detect™ IgG ELISA (InBios) and the in-house KWTRP ELISA (KWTRP) have both been used in the estimation of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Kenya. Whereas the latter has been validated extensively using local samples, the former has not. Such validation is important for informing the comparability of data across the sites and populations where seroprevalence has been reported.

An International Delphi Consensus on Defining the Optimal Surgical Composite Outcome in Metastatic Spine Disease (OSCO-M).

Study Design: Delphi Consensus.

Objective: To define an optimal surgical composite outcome measure in patients with metastatic spine disease (OSCO-M) through international consensus among key opinion leaders.

Methods: Members of the AO Spine Knowledge Forum Tumor, an international group of dedicated spine oncology surgeons and oncologists, participated in a modified Delphi process between March 2023 and November 2024.

Exploring physiotherapist experiences and beliefs about psychologically informed practice to inform development of a training programme.

Aim: To explore physiotherapists' experiences, beliefs, and opinions about psychologically informed practice (PIP) in order to design a training programme for non-psychologist clinicians to enhance their PIP skills.

Design: This study adopted an interpretive description qualitative methodology using focus groups and consistent with the aim of generating knowledge relevant to applied health and to inform the design of a training programme.

Participants: Phase one included musculoskeletal physiotherapists (n=18) who were purposively sampled to take part in two focus groups.

Integrating and Defragmenting Multi-Specialty Care for People With Multiple Long-Term Conditions.

There is an increasing prevalence of people living with multiple long-term conditions (MLTC), defined as two or more long-term conditions. People with MLTC have reduced life expectancy and increased healthcare usage compared to people without MLTC. Most hospital healthcare systems have developed to deal with single conditions in isolation.

Safety and efficacy of preoperative embolization in the treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations with perinidal aneurysms and single draining vein: a multicenter study with propensity score-weighting.

Background And Objectives: Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) with perinidal aneurysms and single draining vein are associated with an elevated risk of rupture and increased procedural complexity. The role of preoperative embolization in this high-risk anatomical subset remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of microsurgery with preoperative embolization, compared with microsurgery alone in patients with such AVMs.

Evaluation of Hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg) as a biomarker in cohorts from the United Kingdom and South Africa.

Objectives: We set out to evaluate Hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg) as a proxy for hepatitis B (HBV) viral load (VL) and liver disease in two different population settings.

Methods: We undertook a cross-sectional retrospective observational study using samples and data from adults living with chronic HBV infection from the United Kingdom (UK, n=142) and South Africa (SA, n=211). We assessed HBcrAg distribution, relationship with other biomarkers, and risk stratification performance, applying point of care test (POCT) thresholds.

Evidence-based decision making for malaria elimination applying the Freedom From Infection statistical framework in five malaria eliminating countries: an observational study.

Background: Routine surveillance is a pillar of malaria programmes, and the primary source of data used for decision making. However, any inference when relying on routine data to inform decision making is limited by how effective the system is at measuring the actual malaria burden. Here, we aimed to extend the Freedom From Infection (FFI) framework to produce species-specific estimates of surveillance system sensitivity and probability of freedom from malaria, combine multiple surveillance components including community case management and active case detection, and apply the FFI model in five malaria eliminating settings.

Evidence-Generated Sockets for Transtibial Prosthetic Limbs Compared With Conventional Computer-Aided Designs: A Multiple-Methods Study From the Patient's Perspective.

Background: Personalized prosthetic socket design depends upon highly skilled prosthetists. They aim to balance functional human-prosthesis coupling with safe, comfortable load transmission from the prosthesis to the skeleton, through vulnerable skin and soft tissues. Both traditional plaster and computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) methods are iterative, and sharing knowledge is difficult.

STARSHIP Part 2: Disturbed Pressure Reactivity Duration and Magnitude in Pediatric Severe Traumatic Brain Injury-Outcome Implications.

Cerebral autoregulation (CA) plays a critical role in maintaining cerebral blood flow (CBF) amid fluctuations in systemic blood pressure, with dysfunction increasing vulnerability to secondary brain injury, particularly after traumatic brain injury (TBI). While extensively studied in adults, CA dynamics in pediatric TBI (pTBI) remain relatively unexplored. Studying Trends in AutoRegulation in Severe Head Injury in Pediatrics (STARSHIP), the first multicenter, prospective study on CA in pTBI, investigates the pressure reactivity index (PRx) and its association with outcomes.

Hybrid closed-loop systems in UK type 1 diabetes care: National survey of healthcare professional awareness, confidence, and training needs.

Aims: Hybrid closed-loop (HCL) systems significantly improve glycaemia and have become the standard of care for type 1 diabetes (T1D), leading to the recent widescale implementation programme in England and Wales. Limited data exist regarding UK healthcare professionals' (HCPs) confidence and experience with commercially available HCL systems. This survey aimed to evaluate UK HCPs' awareness, confidence, and training needs concerning commercial HCL systems.

Interactions between tumor microenvironment and resistance to transarterial and systemic treatments for HCC.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor originating from hepatocytes, often developing against a backdrop of chronic inflammation and liver fibrosis. The primary risk factor for HCC is cirrhosis, and early detection is crucial for improving outcomes. Despite advances in treatment, the prognosis remains poor, with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 15%-38%.

Non-medical costs incurred by critically ill patients with dengue, sepsis and tetanus within a major referral hospital in Southern Vietnam: a cost of illness study.

Introduction: Improving the knowledge of the costs of critical care is vital for informing health policy. However, cost data remain limited, particularly for low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this cross-sectional study is to describe the direct/indirect non-medical costs incurred by critically ill tetanus, sepsis and dengue patients and their families during their hospitalisation, using data from a major referral hospital in Vietnam.

A clinical practice guideline for tuberculous meningitis.

Tuberculous meningitis is the most severe form of tuberculosis, causing death or disability in around half of those affected. There are no up-to-date international guidelines defining its optimal management. Therefore, the Tuberculous Meningitis International Research Consortium conducted a systematic review of available evidence to address key management questions and to develop practice guidance.

CT scan evaluation of injuries in patients over 60 years old following a fall from standing height.

Purpose: To evaluate the range and severity of acute injuries sustained by patients over 60 years old presenting to a tertiary centre emergency department following a fall from standing height on computed tomography (CT) and the appropriate imaging protocol to utilise in this cohort.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of all CT thorax requests for patients over 60 years old following a fall from standing height between 2019 and 2020. CT requests and reports were extracted from the radiology information system and appropriate scans identified for inclusion.

TCF1 and LEF1 promote B-1a cell homeostasis and regulatory function.

B-1 cells are innate-like immune cells abundant in serosal cavities with antibodies enriched in bacterial recognition, yet their existence in humans has been controversial. The CD5 B-1a subset expresses anti-inflammatory molecules including IL-10, PDL1 and CTLA4 and can be immunoregulatory. Unlike conventional B cells that are continuously replenished, B-1a cells are produced early in life and maintained through self-renewal.

EMQN best practice guidelines for analysis and reporting of microsatellite instability in solid tumours.

Microsatellite instability (MSI) is the accumulation of insertion and deletion variants (instability) in short tandem repeat DNA sequences (microsatellites). High levels of MSI occur following loss of function of the DNA mismatch repair system (MMR). MMR deficiency is an increasingly important cancer biomarker that is associated with chemotherapy resistance and response to immune checkpoint blockade, as well as one of the commonest hereditary cancer syndromes, Lynch syndrome.

Outcomes After Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome With Convexity Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Individual Patient Data Analysis.

Background And Objectives: The most common cause of convexity subarachnoid hemorrhage (cSAH) in younger patients (younger than 60 years) is reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS). Evidence on the long-term outcomes of future vascular events and functional outcome after cSAH due to RCVS is limited. We aimed to assess the rates and baseline predictors of our primary outcomes (cSAH, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and ischemic stroke), functional outcome, and mortality after cSAH attributed to RCVS.

Is 2nd JAKi treatment for UC worth the effort? A retrospective, multi-Centre UK study.

Background And Aims: Janus Kinase inhibitors (JAKi) provide effective treatment for ulcerative colitis (UC), but inadequate response (IR) or intolerance occurs frequently. This study aimed to assess effectiveness of a second JAKi in a real-world UC cohort.

Methods: A retrospective multicentre cohort study encompassing 19 UK hospitals was undertaken.

Precision analysis of robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty. Experience from a high-volume center.

Introduction: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is under constant revolution due to advanced technologies and the emergence of new surgical techniques. Advanced technologies like robotic-assisted TKA (RA-TKA) appear to show some advantages in terms of surgical precision when compared with conventional jig-based techniques (JB-TKA).

Methods: 182 TKAs were studied retrospectively and divided in two groups, RA-TKA and JB-TKA (each n = 91).