Speciation and Luminescence of a Binuclear Lanthanide Complex Bearing an Aminophenolate Chromophore.

Lanthanide(III) complexes show diverse speciation in solution. Here, the photophysical properties and speciation in solution of binuclear lanthanide complexes bearing an aminophenolate chromophore that reversibly bind to both metal centers were determined. The aminophenolate can reversibly bind to both lanthanide ions in a pH dependent manner.

Longitudinal dynamics of immune responses after mRNA and inactivated COVID-19 vaccination, boosters, and breakthrough infections in Malaysia.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Malaysia adopted heterologous vaccine booster strategies using BNT162b2 (Pfizer), CoronaVac (Sinovac) and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AstraZeneca) due to vaccine shortages. However, longitudinal data on immune durability and breakthrough infections, especially in immunocompromised groups, remain limited. This study evaluates humoral response in healthy individuals after primary vaccine series and booster dose, and assesses long-term hybrid immunity up to two years post-booster in both healthy individuals and immunocompromised kidney transplant recipients (KTRs).

External validation of the COLOFIT colorectal cancer risk prediction model in the Oxford-FIT dataset: the importance of population characteristics and clinically relevant evaluation metrics.

Background: A faecal immunochemical test (FIT) result ≥ 10 µg/g is recommended in the UK to triage patients with symptoms of colorectal cancer (CRC) in primary care for urgent cancer investigation. The COLOFIT model combining FIT results with demographics and blood tests was developed to reduce the proportion of people referred without CRC. This study aims to externally validate the COLOFIT using data from Oxford University Hospitals (OUH).

Evaluating Economic and Clinical Impacts of Anaemia Management Strategies: A Systematic Review of the Evidence From the UK Perspective.

Background: Anaemia significantly affects health outcomes and quality of life. While blood transfusion remains a common intervention, alternative treatments, such as iron supplementation and erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs), offer potential to mitigate transfusion-associated costs. However, robust evidence on their cost-effectiveness remains limited.

Variation and accuracy of intra-abdominal pressure measurement in different body positions: a prospective study.

Background: Recent studies confirm that intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) frequently develops in critically ill patients, posing a significant risk of organ failure and increased mortality. Accurate intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) measurement is essential for effective diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. Previous studies indicate that accurate IAP measurement using traditional Foley catheters requires the bladder to be filled with a maximum of 25 mL of sterile saline solution after clamping the catheter, restricting the ability to monitor IAP continuously due to variations in the bladder fill volume.

Replication-associated mechanisms contribute to an increased CpG > TpG mutation burden in mismatch repair-deficient cancers.

Background: Single base substitution (SBS) mutations, particularly C > T and T > C, are increased owing to unrepaired DNA replication errors in mismatch repair-deficient (MMRd) cancers. Excess CpG > TpG mutations have been reported in MMRd cancers defective in mismatch detection (dMutSα), but not in mismatch correction (dMutLα). Somatic CpG > TpG mutations conventionally result from unrepaired spontaneous deamination of 5'-methylcytosine throughout the cell cycle, causing T:G mismatches and signature SBS1.

Defining 'liaison haematology' in the UK: a modified Delphi study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to generate a consensus definition for the work informally referred to as 'liaison haematology', by UK health professionals within haematology, including a list of tasks and routes by which requests are received. The objective was to help inform current workloads and future job plans.

Design: A modified Delphi study using focus groups sought to reach consensus on a definition and scope of work for 'liaison haematology'.

Long term follow-up outcomes in congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.

Congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (cTTP) is an ultra-rare thrombotic microangiopathy mediated through inherited deficiency in ADAMTS13 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13). To date more than 200 ADAMTS13 genetic variants have been associated with cTTP. We report longitudinal follow up from the UK TTP registry in 104 confirmed cTTP cases (91 consented for follow-up) in a large multi-ethnic national cTTP patient cohort, including a large Black African cTTP cohort.

Urinary P75: a promising biomarker for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive and fatal disease. The urinary neurotrophin receptor p75 extracellular domain (p75) has previously been reported as a potential disease biomarker for diagnosis, severity assessment and monitoring therapeutic response.

Methods: This study measured urinary p75 using an enzyme-linked immunoassay and normalised the results against urinary creatinine.

Methylation-mediated LncRNA CRAT40 promotes colorectal cancer progression by recruiting YBX1 to initiate RelA transcription.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as crucial regulators in the initiation and progression of various malignancies, including CRC. In this study, we found that lnc-CRAT40 was upregulated in CRC and associated with poor prognosis following CRC resection.

Neuro-ophthalmic complications of endosteal hyperostosis, Worth type: the importance of ophthalmic monitoring.

Disorders of bone formation or resorption affecting the cranium can lead to ophthalmic complications. We describe a family with Worth endosteal hyperostosis (WEH), an autosomal dominant condition characterized by mandibular overgrowth and cortical thickening of long bones. Although traditionally considered benign, we report significant neuro-ophthalmic complications in this kindred.

Surgery in the Management of Recurrent Head and Neck Cancer.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas suffer a high rate of recurrent and residual disease after primary treatment, and in such cases, salvage surgery is often the only curative management option available to patients. Salvage procedures are associated with high rates of complications, as well as reduced survival rate and poor function postoperatively, and there are a number of factors a surgeon must consider to optimize outcomes after surgery. This article discusses preoperative management, prognostic indicators, and rehabilitation needs of this patient population, in addition to discussing the evidence base of transoral, open, and reconstructive techniques employed in salvage operations.

Effectiveness of transanal irrigation in low anterior resection syndrome.

Background: Low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) is a frequent issue leading to bowel dysfunction after anterior resection surgery. NICE guidelines state that there is limited research around the management of LARS. Transanal irrigation (TAI) is a suggested treatment by guidelines; however, there is limited research surrounding the effectiveness of this treatment.

Comparing Intensive and Conventional Therapy: A Meta-Analysis of Postoperative Physical Outcomes After Total Knee Replacement.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease causing cartilage damage, bone erosion, and chronic pain, often leading to disability. Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is frequently performed to relieve OA symptoms. Conventional therapy training (CTT) is the standard intervention, whether preoperative or postoperative.

Safety and immunogenicity of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine in children aged 6-17 years: Final results of a phase 2, single-blind, randomised controlled trial (COV006).

Background: Paediatric COVID-19 vaccination programmes were initiated in response to the coronavirus pandemic declared by the World Health Organisation (WHO) in 2020. Ten COVID-19 vaccines received WHO Emergency Use Listing, however, only five were approved for use in children. ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) was approved in adults in a two-dose regimen.

Coming to a hard stop? Effect of tapered tocilizumab after weekly tocilizumab cessation for giant cell arteritis: a multicentre evaluation.

Objectives: In England, there is a "hard stop" to weekly tocilizumab (qwTCZ) therapy for GCA; this is currently 12 months but was extended during the COVID-19 pandemic subject to certain criteria for GCA relapse risk. Taking advantage of variation in practice, we aimed to compare outcomes of GCA patients who tapered TCZ vs those who stopped abruptly (non-taper patients).

Methods: Secondary analysis of an English multicentre service evaluation of relapse after stopping qwTCZ for GCA.

Timing of pharmacological thromboprophylaxis following traumatic brain injury: a UK-wide survey of clinical practice.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), which can complicate recovery from TBI, lead to long-term reductions in quality of life, and occasionally be fatal. There is no high-quality evidence to support recommendations for optimal timing, dosing or type of pharmacological thromboprophylaxis (PTP). This study aimed to characterise current clinical practice among healthcare professionals in the UK and Ireland regarding VTE prophylaxis in patients with TBI, to inform research.

High-risk smoldering myeloma - a case for early intervention?

Purpose Of Review: Smoldering myeloma (SMM) is an asymptomatic precursor condition of multiple myeloma (MM) with a prevalence of about 0.5% in those aged >40 years age. While the current standard of care is active surveillance, there is a growing interest to determine the effectiveness of early intervention in this condition.

Comparative Outcomes of Septal Extension versus Columellar Strut Grafts for Nasal Tip Stabilization and Positioning in Rhinoplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

a. Introduction Columellar strut graft (CSG) and septal extension graft (SEG) are commonly used in septorhinoplasty for nasal tip support. b.

Forest Age Rivals Climate to Explain Reproductive Allocation Patterns in Forest Ecosystems Globally.

Forest allocation of net primary productivity (NPP) to reproduction (carbon required for flowers, fruits, and seeds) is poorly quantified globally, despite its critical role in forest regeneration and a well-supported trade-off with allocation to growth. Here, we present the first global synthesis of a biometric proxy for forest reproductive allocation (RA) across environmental and stand age gradients from a compiled dataset of 824 observations across 393 sites. We find that ecosystem-scale RA increases ~60% from boreal to tropical forests.

Development and evaluation of the first fertility preservation patient decision aid to support boys and young men with cancer: The Cancer, Fertility and Me for Boys and Young Men research protocol.

Introduction: Many cancer treatments can result in reduced fertility, impacting survivors' opportunities for biological parenthood. Fertility preservation (FP) methods for boys and young men, such as cryopreservation of testicular tissue or sperm, offer hope but are currently underused among young male patients with cancer. Despite guidelines recommending early discussion of fertility implications, many newly diagnosed males do not receive FP counselling or referral to fertility services.