Physiological responses to heat stress in rice transplanting workers in Northeast India and work-rest schedule recommendations.

BackgroundHeat stress has a detrimental impact on workers' health, resulting in reduced workplace productivity and an increase in heat-related illnesses and fatalities. Manual paddy transplantation in Northeast India (NEI), performed under high heat and humidity, requires significant physical effort, leading to fatigue. Implementing work-rest schedules is a practical approach to minimize heat stress.

A truth inference scheme for crowdsourcing using NLP and swin transformers.

Crowdsourcing has become a prevalent method for data collection across various domains, offering a scalable and cost-effective solution. However, ensuring the reliability of crowdsourced data remains a significant challenge due to the varying expertise of contributors and the complexity of tasks. Truth inference aims to derive high-quality and accurate answers from heterogeneous and noisy responses for crowdsourcing tasks.

An explainable vision transformer with transfer learning based efficient drought stress identification.

Early detection of drought stress is critical for taking timely measures for reducing crop loss before the drought impact becomes irreversible. The subtle phenotypical and physiological changes in response to drought stress are captured by non-invasive imaging techniques and these imaging data serve as valuable resource for machine learning methods to identify drought stress. While convolutional neural networks are in wide use, vision transformers (ViTs) present a promising alternative in capturing long-range dependencies and intricate spatial relationships, thereby enhancing the detection of subtle indicators of drought stress.

Ultra-low lattice thermal conductivity and high thermoelectric performance in chiral phonon-protected heterostructures.

Heterostructures have recently emerged as suitable candidates for energy applications owing to their intriguing high electronic properties and low thermal conductivity. Traditionally, experimentally observable chiral phonons, protected by the crystal hexagonal symmetry in two-dimensional honeycomb lattices and originating primarily at the Brillouin zone corner, play a critical role in achieving ultra-low lattice thermal conductivity (). It is mainly attributed to the three-fold rotational symmetry-driven circularly polarized chiral phonons that restrict certain scattering processes and reduce thermal resistance.

Digital human modeling for occupational health of rice mill workers in manual materials handling.

BackgroundHeavy loads are carried out manually by rice mill workers, which causes a considerably high compressive force on the spine, particularly in the L4-L5 region.ObjectiveTo assess the posture and discomfort experienced by the rice mill workers in manual materials handling (MMH) tasks. To estimate the moment and back compressive force (BCF) at L4-L5 using digital human modeling (DHM).

Identifying key descriptors in ZrSe/HfSe-based heterostructures and superlattices for enhancing thermoelectric performance.

Engineering a bilayer heterostructure (HS) and a superlattice monolayer (SLM) with trigonal symmetry not only provides versatile platforms for exploring material chemistry, but also opens avenues for thoroughly examining carrier transport mechanisms towards achieving high-performance thermoelectric materials. In this context, our study offers a comprehensive understanding of structural stability, particularly the role of interface coupling in influencing thermal transport and thermoelectric properties of ZrSe/HfSe in bilayer HS and SLM forms. In this study, we employed various approaches, such as Debye-Callaway, Slack model, relaxation time approximation (RTA), and iterative methodology to obtain phonon transport coefficients and critically analyse the suitability of these approaches in computing lattice thermal conductivity for bilayer HS and SLM.

Effect of surface charge on wettability and electrolyte behavior on graphene surfaces using molecular dynamic simulation.

The interaction between electrolytes and graphene surfaces is critical in applications such as electro-wetting and energy storage. This study employs molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the influence of surface charge on electrolyte wettability and behavior. At 0.

Acetylacetone as an axial ligand in metalloporphyrin: its first crystal structure, coordination chemistry, and potential application as an efficient photosensitizer.

Acetylacetone, a diketone, is a very common bidentate ligand and has been used in chemistry laboratory classes for teaching the synthesis of different types of metal coordination compounds for a long time. It is a versatile organic compound and a large number of coordination and heterocyclic compounds based on it are known. This work demonstrates the first single crystal structure of an acetylacetone-coordinated metalloporphyrin, [MgT(4-Cl)PP(Hacac)], 1 [T(4-Cl)PP = 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl)porphyrin, Hacac = acetylacetone].

Chemistry and Pharmacology of Chenopodium album L. (BATHUA).

Introduction: Chenopodium album Linn. is a nutritionally and pharmacologically significant herb that generally grows in the winter season along with other crops. It is rich in fibers, protein, minerals (Mg, Ca, Fe, K, P, and others), vitamins (ascorbic acids, thiamine, riboflavin, and others), and several other biologically active chemical components like flavonoids, saponins, steroids and many more.

Coriander: A holistic outlook on its chemistry and pharmacology.

Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is a nutraceutically renowned annual herb from Apiaceae family and used in cuisines in different countries in different ways to enhance the tastes, flavour and nutritional values of foods. Fruit (seed) has several medicinally valuable chemical components viz.

Explainable light-weight deep learning pipeline for improved drought stress identification.

Introduction: Early identification of drought stress in crops is vital for implementing effective mitigation measures and reducing yield loss. Non-invasive imaging techniques hold immense potential by capturing subtle physiological changes in plants under water deficit. Sensor-based imaging data serves as a rich source of information for machine learning and deep learning algorithms, facilitating further analysis that aims to identify drought stress.

Foodomics: A sustainable approach for the specific nutrition and diets for human health.

Foodomics is an interdisciplinary field that integrates various omics technologies to explore the complex relationship between food and human health in depth. This approach offers valuable insights into the biochemical, molecular, and cellular composition of food by employing advanced omics techniques. Its applications span the food industry and human health, including efforts to combat malnutrition, provide dietary recommendations, and ensure food safety.

Camptothecin and its derivatives: Advancements, mechanisms and clinical potential in cancer therapy.

Camptothecin (CPT), an alkaloid isolated from the Camptotheca tree, has demonstrated significant anticancer properties in a range of malignancies. However, its therapeutic efficacy is limited by its hydrophobicity, poor bioavailability, and systemic toxicity. Derivatives, analogues, and nanoformulations of CPT have been synthesized to overcome these limitations.

Influential factors in anaerobic digestion of rice-derived food waste and animal manure: A comprehensive review.

Utilization of organic community wastes towards deriving sustainable renewable energy and adequate disposal of the residual has been an important topic of investigation. Anaerobic digestion and co-digestion of rice-derived food waste and animal manure for sustainable biogas generation is crucial from the view-point of community consumption. This paper presents an extensive review of the important and recent contributions in the related areas.

Evaluation of dust and endotoxin exposure among rice mill workers in northeast India.

Exposure to particulate matter and endotoxin can lead to acute and chronic respiratory problems in workers. A study was conducted to quantify particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤10 μm (PM10) and endotoxin levels in rice mills in northeast India. Sixty-four PM10 dust samples were collected from eight rice mills at two locations: the feeding and polishing sections for two varieties of paddy: Ranjit and Hali.

Water quality and geochemical facie of high-altitude lakes in Tawang, Eastern Himalaya, India.

High-altitude lakes (HALs) can be used as a supplement or alternative source of water in areas where there is a water shortage. When these lakes are efficiently managed, they can supply more water resources to fulfil the increasing demand. Water quality assessment aids in the identification of adequate and safe drinking water sources.

A comparative study of the effectiveness of photogrammetric versus manual anthropometric measurements.

Background: The accurate measurement of the human body is essential when it comes to designing agricultural tools and equipment that can effectively accommodate and interact with individuals when performing a task. The traditional method for measuring an individual's body measurements is highly complex and requires two or more skilled individuals and reliable measurement tools. Finding a new approach that is speedier, more precise, and less expensive than current methods is therefore necessary.

Active site determination of novel plant versatile peroxidase extracted from and bioconversion of β-naphthol.

Unlabelled: A ligninolytic peroxidase called versatile peroxidase, VP, (EC 1.11.1.

Influence of short- and long-term persistence on identification of rainfall temporal trends using different versions of the Mann-Kendall test in Mizoram, Northeast India.

Investigating the temporal dynamics of rainfall in a changing climate, especially in rainfed agriculture regions, is crucial for analyzing climate-induced changes and offering adaptation options. Since Mizoram experiences unfavorable impacts of rain nearly every year, the region rainfall has been altering over the years, and vital climatic activity is becoming uncontrollable. The current study is primarily concerned with the changing trend of rainfall over Mizoram, which includes both short-term persistence (STP) and long-term persistence (LTP) of rainfall in seasonal and annual time series of rainfall overseeing for the period of 25 years of daily average rainfall from 1996 to 2020 collected collectively from the seven stations over the study area of Mizoram.

Garlic against Heart-related Ailments: Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Future Perspective.

Background: Allium sativum L. (Garlic) is a well-recognized plant of great nutraceutical value with pharmacological evidences. It is full of dietary as well as pharmaceutical properties and has been used in traditional medications for a long time.

Histamine-bound magnesium porphyrins: diverse coordination modes, inhibitory role in photodegradation of chlorophyll and antioxidant activity.

The neurotransmitter histamine exists in two isomeric forms and could be an interesting ligand due to three nitrogen atoms with the possibility of binding to metals in different ways besides its crucial role in biological systems. However, no metal-histamine interaction is known in the literature. Therefore, two histamine-bound magnesium porphyrins [MgT(4-Cl)PP(hist)] 1 and [MgT(4-Br)PP(hist)] 2 have been synthesized and structurally characterized.

SiN-TiN rotary EDM optimization by Mo-Jaya algorithm with Pareto optimal solution, analysis of micro-structural and geometrical tolerances.

Research into rotary electrical discharge machining on high temperature with biomedical application SiN-TiN ceramic composite is presented in this paper. Current (I), pulse on time (T), pulse off time (T), dielectric pressure (DP), speed and spark gap voltage (Sv) are some of the many performance characteristics. Among the factors taken into account is the material removal rate, surface roughness, electrode wear rate, cylindricity, perpendicularity, top radial overcut, bottom radial over cut and run out.