Liraglutide Ameliorates Gamma Radiation-Induced Hepatic Damage in Rats: The Role of an Autophagy Flux Activation Via LKB1/AMPK/mTOR Axis.

Aim: Radiation-induced hepatotoxicity is a major challenge during radiotherapy. This study aims to evaluate the potential ameliorative outcome and underlying mechanisms of liraglutide (LIRA) in mitigating acute liver injury caused by radiation exposure in vivo.

Methods: Animals were administered LIRA subcutaneously (50 µg/kg/twice daily) for two weeks, and then exposed to whole body γ-radiation (6 Gy) 1 h after the last LIRA dose.

Aberrant DNA methylation and overexpression of NR0B1 are prognostic biomarkers in KEAP1-mutant lung adenocarcinomas.

The KEAP1-NRF2 pathway regulates cytoprotective responses to endogenous and exogenous stresses induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and electrophiles. To maintain oxidative homeostasis, cancer cells increase the transcription of antioxidant genes by acquiring either stabilizing mutations in NRF2 or inactivating mutations in its negative regulator, KEAP1. NR0B1 is a recently identified NRF2 target that supports anchorage-independent growth in KEAP1-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells.

Green synthesis of gamma rays-induced melanin-based bismuth oxide nanoparticles for evaluation of the antibacterial and anti-virulence activities against extra-intestinal pathogenic bacteria.

The rise of microorganisms that are resistant to drugs is one of the significant challenges facing the health sector. The need to identify effective alternatives facing bacterial diseases is significantly highlighted. Nanomaterials have the potential to be a game-changing weapon in the battle against infectious diseases.

Anomaly detection in gamma-ray radiation spectra using artificial neural network and ant colony optimization.

Accurate detection of anomalous radioactive sources in environmental monitoring systems is critical for both radiological protection and nuclear security. This study addresses the fundamental challenge of discriminating anomalous radiation signals from natural background fluctuations, particularly at low source to background ratios. We present a novel machine learning approach for anomaly detection in gamma-ray spectra that combines neural network modeling with bio-inspired optimization.

Mycofabrication of sustainable mycelium-based leather using Talaromyces sp. and irradiated eggplant peel waste.

Agro-industry and leather manufacturing are considered two of the most polluting industries worldwide due to the huge amount of waste they produce that contributes to pollution. To address the challenges of food waste while contributing to sustainable leather production, this study explores the feasibility of developing an alternative, ecofriendly leather material. Talaormyces sp.

Hepatoprotective Potential of Green Synthesized Nanoparticles from Peel Extract against HFS Diet-Induced NASH in Mice, Integrated with Chemical Profiling and Molecular Modeling.

is known for its wide variety of secondary metabolites, including essential oil, alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenolic acids, which are considered the reason for its diverse potential medical uses. Herein, extract was prepared using different formulas of metal oxide nanoparticles as ZnO NPs and MgO NPs with 22.5 ± 1.

Biochemical and thermodynamic characterization of a novel α-amylase from Avena fatua for biotechnological applications.

This study reports the production, purification, and characterization of a thermostable, raw starch-hydrolysing α-amylase from Avena fatua seeds. The enzyme was purified to a 16.5-fold increase in purity through a series of steps, including pH adjustment, lyophilization, PEG precipitation, and multiple chromatographic techniques, ultimately achieving a specific activity of 90 U/mg.

Cannabidiol and low-dose γ-radiation regulate alterations consequences of hepatic-encephalopathy induced by thioacetamide: neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory role.

Objectives: Cannabidiol (CBD), the primary component of Cannabis sativa, has a neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties. Due to its modulation of multiple molecular targets within the central nervous system, CBD holds therapeutic promise for various neurological and psychiatric disorders.

Methods: This study aimed to evaluate the potential protective effects of CBD and/or low-dose ionizing radiation (LDR) in a rat model of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) induced by thioacetamide (TAA).

Boron-based glass doped with blast furnace dust for radiation shielding applications.

The structural, mechanical, optical and nuclear radiation shielding properties of the prepared glass series with the composition (75-x) BO + 25 BiO + x (Blast Furnace Dust) (BFD), where x = 0, 5, 15, and 25 mol%, were investigated using the X-ray diffraction, UV-visible spectra, Phy-X/PSD software and PHITS simulation code. The glasses were synthesized through the conventional melt quenching process and designated as S1 (x = 0), S2 (x = 5), S3 (x = 15), and S4 (x = 25). Through the investigation of ultrasonic characteristics, the modified glass samples' Poisson's ratio was found to be less than 0.

Combined Effects of Metformin, Quercetin, and Fractionated Gamma Irradiation on MiR-107-Mediated Brain Injury in HFD/STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats.

MiR-107 upregulation represents a key target among the multiple pathways associated with T2DM. Given that drug combinations offer significant therapeutic potential, this study investigated the antidiabetic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects of γ-irradiation, the quercetin (common flavonol), and the metformin (biguanide) on HFD/STZ-induced diabetic rats' brains. Diabetic rats were treated with metformin (200 mg/kg b.

MitoQ Mitigates Radiation-Induced Testicular Injury: Molecular Docking and Toxicity Implications.

This study assessed the possible mitigating effect of a mitochondrion-targeted antioxidant (MitoQ) against gamma irradiation-induced testicular damage. The rats were distributed into five groups. The first group served as a control, the second group received MitoQ (2 mg/kg/day; i.

Low dose γ irradiation promotes the protective potential of flower buds extract in cisplatin-mediated nephrotoxicity via regulating Nrf-2/HO-1 and NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways.

Unlabelled: Nephrotoxicity is severe complication of cisplatin-based chemotherapy and associated with high mortality rate.

Purpose: This study estimates the renoprotective potential of L. (clove) flower bud's ethanol extract in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity with comprehensive chemical investigation, while exploring whether low dose γ radiation (LDR) enhances clove's nephroprotective efficacy.

Synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial and antibiofilm potential of green copper silicate and zinc silicate nanoparticles: kinetic study and reaction mechanism determination.

The study explored an eco-friendly method to synthesize Cu silicate and zinc silicate nanoparticles (NPs) and characterize them using analytical instruments like transmission electron microscopy, DLS analysis, Zeta potential, EDX elemental analysis, and scanning electron microscopy with mapping. We tested how well Cu silicate and Zn silicate NPs can fight bacteria that cause wound infections and unicellular pathogenic fungi by checking their antimicrobial properties, the smallest amount needed to stop growth (minimum inhibitory concentration), and their ability to prevent biofilm formation. To investigate a potential mechanism of antimicrobial behavior, we applied the membrane leakage experiment.

Strontium immobilization in alkali-borosilicate matrices prepared from industrial waste glass grit: Insights into hydraulic durability and microstructural alterations.

Strontium (Sr) was selected as a non-radioactive surrogate for the high-risk radionuclide Sr due to their environmental and chemical similarities, enabling the safe evaluation of long-term immobilization strategies. This study investigates the potential of alkali-borosilicate glasses (ABS) synthesized from industrial waste glass grit as a sustainable and durable waste form for Sr immobilization. The structural integrity and degradation behavior of Sr-loaded ABS glass samples were examined under short-term leaching and harsh conditions.

Protective effect of abietic acid nanoparticles synthesized by gamma-irradiation against cisplatin-induced renal injury in mice: a promising novel natural nano-drug.

Objective: The goal of this study was to investigate the protective effects of abietic acid (AA) nanoparticles which were prepared using gamma-irradiation to ameliorate the nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin (CP) in experimental mice.

Method: Forty eight mice were divided into eight groups (6 mice/group) as follows; control group I, group II (mice were received AA 40 mg/kg B.W.

Design and synthesis of novel diclofenac-based quinazoline derivatives enhancing cisplatin and radiation impacts via MyD88 and COX-2/PGE2 modulation.

In cancer therapy, inhibition of COX-2/PGE2 as an adjuvant treatment protocol enhances the effectiveness of chemotherapy and radiotherapy while minimizing adverse effects. Two sets of diclofenac-quinazoline derivatives were designed and synthesized as analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents against cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathic pain. Compounds 12 and 16 demonstrated dual anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties with low cytotoxicity on normal Vero cells.

Gamma-irradiated chitosan-HPMC/Ulva lactuca based hydrogel for heavy metal remediation from aqueous solutions.

This study focuses on the novel bio-composite hydrogel made from chitosan (CS), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), polyacrylamide (PAAm), and green algae Ulva lactuca (Ul), which is synthesized to effectively remove Cu(II) and Co(II) ions from simulated aqueous solutions using gamma irradiation. The hydrogels, whether or not they had Ulva lactuca, were labeled CS/HPMC/PAAm and CS/HPMC/PAAm/Ul. The process was tested by changing the acrylamide concentration, the dose of gamma irradiation, and adding Ulva.

Effect of gold nanoparticles and γ-cyclodextrin polymer on physicochemical, antimicrobial, and antibiofilm properties of a novel schiff base derived from dialdehyde cellulose and camphor thiazole-imine.

The present study developed a novel antimicrobial composite based on 2,3-dialdehyde cellulose (DAC), with biocompatible properties and long-term stability. Initially, DAC was synthesized through the periodate oxidation of microcrystalline cellulose, achieving a 61% degree of oxidation. Subsequently, the DAC was successfully modified through the formation of a Schiff base with CTI in the basic medium.

Effect of gamma radiation on optical properties of PVA/PEG/EY blend, and radiochromism.

PVA/PEG/EY samples were irradiated using of 50 KGy, gamma radiation dose. To investigate the effects of irradiation on the optical properties of the blend, UV-vis spectroscopy is used to study 6 samples of the blend, with different PEG content, 0, 1, 3, 5, 10, 15 percent, before and after irradiation. Radiation effects manifest itself as many changes in the following parameters: The absorption for all sample decreases after irradiation, the direct and indirect energy gap value increases after irradiation, the values of the extinction coefficient decrease after irradiation.

Gamma radiation assisted green synthesis of spirulina-reduced graphene oxide and its anti-inflammatory effect against renal injury induced by gamma irradiation via IRE1α -TRAF2 pathway.

Background: Combining gamma rays with natural antioxidants leads to the formation of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) biocomposites from graphene oxide (GO) in a way that is both incredibly safe and environmentally friendly, unlocking new possibilities for medical use.

Methods: In the present study, spirulina-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites (SRGOs) were fabricated by gamma rays as a one-step and straightforward technique.The loading and reduction of graphene oxide in the presence of different spirulina ratios (25, 50, 100, and 200 wt%) under gamma irradiation were verified by diverse characterization apparatuses, including XRD, FTIR, HRTEM, and XPS.

Role of diode laser (810 nm) and/or fluoride varnish for the treatment of gamma-irradiated hypersensitive human dentin (An in vitro study).

Head and neck cancer is the sixth most frequent cancer worldwide. Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a common complication in patients undergoing radiotherapy. Gamma radiation significantly affects dental hard tissues, particularly dentin.

Comparative evaluation of live attenuated and killed tachyzoites as vaccine candidates for toxoplasmosis.

() an obligate intracellular protozoan, causes toxoplasmosis, leading to significant economic losses and posing serious public health challenges worldwide. Developing an effective vaccine for toxoplasmosis in humans remains difficult. In this study, we evaluated the protective immunity of tachyzoites local virulent strain exposed to 0.

Alleviates γ- Radiation-Induced Brain Damage by Attenuating Oxidative Stress and Increasing Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Levels in Male Albino Rats.

Ionizing radiation can irreversibly damage the brain cells' function and structure. (Sp) is widely employed as a dietary supplement because it has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulating properties. Therefore, this work aims to investigate the protective properties of Sp towards γ-irradiation (IRR)-induced brain damage.

The Potential Protective Effects of Intermittent Fasting Against Radiation-Induced Brain Damage in a Rat Model: Suggested Involvement of IRS-1/PI3 K/AKT and BDNF/TrkB Signaling Pathways.

Fasting has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for neurological disorders, offering protection against insults such as ionizing radiation (IR), which can cause irreversible brain damage. Intermittent fasting (IF), including alternate-day fasting (ADF) and time-restricted feeding (TRF), is being explored for its neuroprotective effects with potential involvement of key signaling pathways such as IRS-1/PI3K/AKT and BDNF/TrkB. Thirty-six male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into six groups: normal feeding (NF, ad libitum feeding), ADF, TRF (6-h feeding window), NF plus radiation (NF-irradiated, 20-Gy cranial exposure), ADF plus radiation (ADF-irradiated), and TRF plus radiation (TRF-irradiated).

Comparative impact of fractionated and acute doses of gamma irradiation on the rats' brain after whole body irradiation.

Purpose: Understanding the distinct impacts of fractionated versus acute doses of whole body irradiation on the brain and how these contrasting dosing schedules affect the brain at a cellular and molecular level.

Materials And Methods: Thirty healthy rats (males) were separated into five groups. Groups I, III, and V were irradiated by 0 Gy, 6 Gy, and 8 Gy of whole body γ-irradiation, respectively.