Breast-Conserving Surgery vs Mastectomy for Non-metastatic Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.

Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide, accounting for 15% of all cancer deaths. The decision between breast-conserving surgery (BCS) and mastectomy (MX) plays a fundamental role in the management of early-stage breast cancer. Improved survival rates are an essential outcome influencing these decisions.

The multipotential effect of microbiome in lung cancer development and progression.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite the introduction of numerous drugs to cure this deadly disease, treatment outcomes differ significantly among patients. This differential response has drawn attention to individual patient characteristics, particularly the microbiome.

Spine Surgery Fellowships in Mexico: Web Content and Accessibility.

Background: The emergence of spine surgery fellowship programs in Mexico is gaining significance; however, there exists a paucity of available information pertaining to the specific requirements and criteria employed for candidate selection, operational structure, and educational framework, which affects the ability of potential applicants to make informed decisions about their training options.

Methods: A systematic web search was executed to identify the official websites of the predominant private and public health care institutions that provide spine fellowship programs in Mexico. This search was carried out by 3 spine surgery fellows between December 2023 and January 2024 utilizing the Google search engine with specific keywords previously employed in similar studies.

TRAIL (DR5) receptor and the modulation of TRAIL pathway in PLWHIV: key mechanisms in the progression of HIV disease.

Background: HIV infection is mainly described by depletion of CD4 T-cells; however, this not only occurs in infected cells, also arise in uninfected immunological cells through the bystander effect. Extrinsic cell death, in particular the Fas pathway has been studied in HIV extensively, and an expression increase in both its ligand and receptor has been reported, however the TRAIL pathway has been less explored in this context, and little has been relating to the immune activation characteristic of the disease. This study aims to examine the effect of HIV infection in the activation of TRAIL and Fas death pathways in CD3 CD4 T-cells and CD4 CD14 + monocyte derived from people living with HIV (PLWHIV) and its correlation with immune activation biomarkers in cell surface and serum.

Multilevel Compression Fracture Initiated by Unrestrained Electroconvulsive Therapy for Treatment Resistant Depression Case Report.

Background: Depression is the most common cause of emotional disorders in older adults with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) as the preferred treatment for older adults. ECT utilizes a controlled therapeutic seizure resulting in repetitive muscle contractions, which carries the risk of fractures and dislocations.

Case Report: This is an unusual case of a 69-year-old man with a history of treatment-resistant depression developing severe midback pain and a multilevel compression fracture after treatment without a well-defined incidence following utilization of ECT.

Unmasking Subclinical Atherosclerosis: The Impact of Carotid Ultrasound on the Evaluation of Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most prevalent autoimmune disease, characterized by chronic joint inflammation and systemic symptoms, particularly affecting cardiovascular health through atherosclerosis development. This study investigates the role of carotid ultrasound in detecting atherosclerosis in RA patients by measuring carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). We conducted a comprehensive review of studies published from 2017 to 2024, sourced from PubMed, focusing specifically on CIMT measurements in RA patients.

2D Composite Materials for Electrodes in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells─An Overview.

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are anticipated to become economical, efficient, and commercially viable due to their simple fabrication, environmental friendliness, low-light performance, and flexibility for product integration. However, inherent voltage loss during the sensitizing dye regeneration process, uneven titanium layer deposition, electrolyte filling, and electrical interconnections contribute to the lower efficiency of DSSCs compared to conventional silicon solar cells. Researchers have focused on optimizing material and structural properties to address these issues, achieving record-setting efficiencies of up to 14%.

Human Milk Archaea Associated with Neonatal Gut Colonization and Its Co-Occurrence with Bacteria.

Archaea have been identified as early colonizers of the human intestine, appearing from the first days of life. It is hypothesized that the origin of many of these archaea is through vertical transmission during breastfeeding. In this study, we aimed to characterize the archaeal composition in samples of mother-neonate pairs to observe the potential vertical transmission.

The Interfunctional Relationship Between Theory of Mind and Private Speech.

Background: Theory of mind is the capacity to explain and predict the behavior of others. Charles Fernyhough's dialogical model of psychological functions offers a vision of theory of mind that considers the social dimension and the importance of language, especially inner and private speech, for a person's ability to represent and manipulate multiple perspectives, and its connection to executive function.

Objective: There is little direct research on Fernyhough's model.

Skin as a Reflection of Gut Health: An Overview of Dermatological Manifestations in Primary Neoplastic and Autoimmune Gastrointestinal Disorders.

Gastrointestinal (GI) diseases can present with several extraintestinal manifestations, and cutaneous signs and symptoms are most frequent. Although conventionally GI and skin are considered two entirely separate organ systems, they are closely correlated in origin. An increasing amount of data highlights the complex relationship between GI and dermatological conditions.

The Relationship Between Gut Microbiome and Ophthalmologic Diseases: A Comprehensive Review.

The gut microbiome has been studied in recent years due to its association with various pathological pathways involved in different diseases, caused by its structure, function, and diversity alteration. The knowledge of this mechanism has generated interest in the investigation of its relationship with ophthalmologic diseases. Recent studies infer the existence of a gut-eye microbiota axis, influenced by the intestinal barrier, the blood-retina barrier, and the immune privilege of the eye.

Unusual giant plunging sublingual epidermoid cyst: A case report and review of literature.

Key Clinical Message: When treating a painless or asymptomatic mass in the submental or floor of the mouth, sublingual epidermoid cyst should be considered. Despite its irregularity, preventing malignant transformation is essential for a successful outcome.

Abstract: Dermoid and epidermoid cysts are rarely found in the head and neck region.

Individual characteristics on multicultural team performance: does the role played by leaders and team members matter?

The main purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of individual characteristics of cultural sensitivity, adaptability, cohesion, and cultural diversity on the multicultural team performance. Also, we analyzed the moderating effect of being a team member or a team leader on the relationships mentioned above. To test out hipotheses, data were collected from 415 members of multicultural teams specifically, from 304 team members and 111 leaders.

Immune and oxidative stress biomarkers in pediatric psychosis and psychosis-risk: Meta-analyses and systematic review.

Objective: While genetic and cohort studies suggest immune and reduction/oxidation (redox) alterations occur in psychosis, less is known about potential alterations in children and adolescents.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review to identify immune and redox biomarker studies in children and adolescents (mean age ≤ 18 years old) across the psychosis spectrum: from psychotic like experiences, which are common in children, to threshold psychotic disorders like schizophrenia. We conducted meta-analyses when at least three studies measured the same biomarker.

Role of dietary food intake patterns, anthropometric measures, and multiple biochemical markers in the development of pregnancy-specific urinary incontinence in gestational diabetes mellitus.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess maternal dietary food intake patterns, anthropometric measures, and multiple biochemical markers in women with gestational diabetes mellitus and pregnancy-specific urinary incontinence and to explore whether antedating gestational diabetes mellitus environment affects the pregnancy-specific urinary incontinence development in a cohort of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and pregnancy-specific urinary incontinence.

Methods: Maternal dietary information and anthropometric measurements were collected. At 24 wk of gestation, with a fasting venipuncture sample, current blood samples for biochemical markers of hormones, vitamins, and minerals were analyzed.