A shared frailty model for assessing time to seizure remission in adults with epilepsy.

Epilepsy remains a significant global health concern with increasing prevalence and incidence. This study aimed to model the time to first remission among epilepsy patients at Jimma University Medical Center, Ethiopia, using parametric shared frailty models. A retrospective study was conducted on epilepsy patients treated between 1st January 2018 and 30th December 2023.

Perception of health professionals towards electronic prescription in a teaching hospital.

For many years, physicians have primarily relied on handwritten prescriptions to convey medication therapy decisions to pharmacists. However, in the past decade, electronic prescribing has emerged as the latest technological advancement, gradually replacing traditional paper prescriptions. There is evidence that design and technical issues, interoperability, data relevance, user attitudes toward e-prescribing, productivity, and available resources are key factors influencing the implementation of e-prescribing for users.

Moderate thinness and its association with muscle strength of children 5 to 7 years in Ethiopia: a comparative cross-sectional study.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between moderate thinness (MT) and muscle strength among children aged 5-7 years old in Ethiopia.

Design: A school-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted between June to July 2022. Their nutritional status (MT versus well-nourished (WN) was identified using BMI-for-age-and-sex; hand grip was measured using a digital grip strength dynamometer, and biceps, quadriceps, and gastrocnemius strength were measured with Digital (Handheld) Dynamometry.

Experimental analysis and optimization of hydrogen pre-cooling liquefaction process with composite catalyst through a hybrid priority cluster modeling approach.

The analysis studies impact of nanocomposites (NCs) to improve thermal efficiency in hydrogen liquefaction while decreasing energy consumption. The study uses an innovative combination of experimental investigations coupled with machine learning methods to identify superior nanocomposites for their peak performance characteristics. Experimental data measurement of key thermophysical characteristics are estimated by using Pearson's-r correlation analysis.

Clinical anastomosis leakage and determinant factors among patients who underwent intestinal anastomosis in two Ethiopian tertiary hospitals.

Introduction: Intestinal anastomosis is a common surgical procedure, but anastomotic leaks remain significant postoperative complications, causing morbidity, prolonged hospital stays, and readmissions. This study aimed to identify the rate, determinant factors, and outcomes associated with anastomotic leakage for patients undergo gastrointestinal anastomoses in two major hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Method: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted.

Prevalence of common mental disorders and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2023.

Background: Common mental disorders (CMDs) such as depression and anxiety are prevalent during pregnancy. CMDs are public health concerns because of the implications for the health of both the mother and the fetus. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of CMDs and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (UoG CSH), Northwest Ethiopia.

Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety: exploring validity with robust measures of classical theory parameters and a rating scale model in university students.

Background: No research has assessed Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HRSA) psychometric properties in Ethiopian university students, using item response theory (IRT) and classical theory.

Aims: This study aimed to assess psychometric properties of the English HRSA in Ethiopian students, using IRT and classical theory.

Method: University students ( = 370, age 21.

Ethnobotanical study of wild and semi-wild edible plants in Yeki district, Sheka Zone, Southwest Ethiopia.

Background: Wild and semi-wild edible plants (WSWEPs) play a critical role in sustaining rural livelihoods by contributing to food security, nutrition, traditional medicine, and cultural identity. In Yeki District, Sheka Zone, Southwest Ethiopia Region, Ethiopia, where diverse ethnic groups coexist, these plants remain integral to local diets and health practices. However, factors such as agricultural expansion and urbanization threaten their availability, highlighting the need for comprehensive ethnobotanical documentation and sustainable management.

Recovery rate and predictors of severe acute malnutrition among under-five children admitted to therapeutic feeding units in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is a leading cause of mortality among under-five children in Ethiopia. Despite prior systematic reviews and meta-analyses in Ethiopia, the pooled recovery rate of SAM from 2019 to 2024 remains unknown, and the pooled effect of other contributing factors has not been investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to update the pooled estimate of the recovery rate of SAM and its associated factors among under-five children admitted to therapeutic feeding units (TFUs) in Ethiopia.

Fibrinogen and D-dimer protein levels in patients with preeclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Preeclampsia (PE) is a significant obstetric and global health concern associated with fetal growth restriction, poor placental perfusion, and maternal organ dysfunction. Early detection through simple, routine antenatal indicators is essential. This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed fibrinogen (FIB) and D-dimer (DD) levels in PE patients compared to normotensive pregnant women.

Driven degenerate Λ -type three-level laser with squeezed vacuum reservoir.

This study presents a comprehensive study of a driven degenerate Λ-type three-level laser system utilizing a squeezed vacuum reservoir to enhance its performance. The interaction between the laser medium and the squeezed vacuum field is analyzed, revealing significant improvements in coherence and output characteristics. By employing a Λ-type configuration, we explore the population inversion dynamics and the role of squeezed states in reducing quantum noise, ultimately leading to enhanced laser stability and efficiency.

Follow-up rescreening uptake and persistent positive rates among women after positive cervical cancer screening results in Ethiopia: a longitudinal cross-sectional study.

Objective: To assess cervical cancer screening positivity rates, follow-up rescreening uptake 1 year after treatment and persistent positivity among women with initial positive screening results in Ethiopia. The study also explored reasons for loss to follow-up and preferences for reminder strategies.

Design: Longitudinal cross-sectional study.

Diagnostic value of long noncoding RNAs as biomarkers for Ankylosing Spondylitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) presents as a debilitating form of arthritis with potential for severe damage. In chronic cases, patients may experience progression to ankylosis and spinal immobility, significantly diminishing their quality of life. Given these challenges, there is a pressing need to explore novel diagnostic targets.

Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21): Further psychometric exploration using robust item response theory and classical theory measures among university students.

Background: Psychometric validity of the 21-item Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) has not been studied among Ethiopians. This study investigated the psychometric properties of the DASS-21 using Item Response Theory (IRT) and classical theory among Ethiopian university students.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 364 Ethiopian university students.

A novel global MPPT method based on sooty tern optimization for photovoltaic systems under complex partial shading.

As the deployment of photovoltaic (PV) systems continues to expand globally, the need for robust and highly efficient Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithms becomes increasingly critical, particularly under complex Partial Shading Conditions (PSC) where multiple local maxima can significantly reduce energy yield. This paper proposes a novel MPPT strategy based on the bio-inspired Sooty Tern Optimization Algorithm (STOA) for Global Maximum Power Point Tracking (GMPPT) in PV arrays subjected to non-uniform irradiance. The STOA algorithm, originally developed for solving complex multimodal optimization problems, is here adapted and optimized for MPPT tasks, demonstrating superior capabilities in terms of convergence speed, tracking accuracy, and dynamic stability.

Undernutrition and Its Predictors Among Pregnant Women in Semipastoral Communities of Southwest Ethiopia.

Maternal undernutrition poses significant risks to maternal, fetal, and child health, leading to long-term and irreversible consequences such as growth failure. This study evaluated the prevalence and predictors of undernutrition among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Bachuma Primary Hospital in Southwest Ethiopia. Using an institution-based cross-sectional design, 346 randomly selected pregnant women were assessed for nutritional status based on mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), with values below 23 cm indicating undernutrition.

Coagulation profiles and platelet parameters among preeclampsia, eclampsia, and normotensive pregnant women attending Comprehensive Specialized Hospital maternity wards, Northwest Ethiopia.

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy affect about 10% of all pregnant women worldwide. A variety of hematological abnormalities may occur in women with pregnancy-induced hypertension. Thus, we aimed to compare coagulation profiles and platelet parameters among preeclampsia, eclampsia, and normotensive pregnant women in Northwest Ethiopia.

Evaluation of anti-malarial treatment for elimination of malaria in South West Ethiopia: a concurrent triangulation design for prompt decision.

Background: Malaria case management is a vital component of strategies to ensure malaria elimination programme. Despite continuous preventive strategies in place, malaria remains a major public health problem in resource-limited countries particularly in Ethiopia due to treatment-related problems. Hence, this study aimed to determine the level of adherence to malaria diagnosis and treatment guidelines among healthcare providers working in the public health facilities in Southwest Ethiopian Peoples Regional State (SWEPRS).

Impact of optimal anti-proteinuric therapy on the prevention of diabetic kidney disease progression.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading global cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), with its prevalence rising, particularly in resource-limited settings. Antiproteinuric medications are central to DKD management, but their optimal utilization is expected to be low in such settings and remains underexplored in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess the optimization of antiproteinuric therapy in DKD and its association with proteinuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Prevalence and predictors of parental willingness to vaccinate daughters against human papillomavirus in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a major health burden, especially in developing countries. Primary prevention through HPV vaccination has demonstrated excellent efficacy in preventing r cervical cancer incidence. Parental willingness on behalf of their daughters plays a crucial part in deciding whether they should get an HPV vaccine or not, which determines the vaccine coverage.

Healthcare providers' antenatal physical exercise counseling practice and its associated factors in Southwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Scientific evidence has sufficiently proved that antenatal physical exercise benefits maternal, fetal, and child health. Despite the World Health Organization strongly recommends that health care providers advise pregnant women on physical exercise, many of them have reported they didn’t receive any exercise recommendations from their health care providers. Therefore; this study aimed to assess the practice level of antenatal physical exercise counseling and its associated factors among healthcare providers who work at Bench Sheko, Southwest Ethiopia.

Intimate partner violence among women living with HIV in East Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a widespread yet often unrecognized problem that affects millions of women worldwide. It is prevalent among marginalized individuals, such as women living with HIV. However, there is a dearth of available evidence concerning this matter among women living with HIV in East Africa.

Time to Clinical Stability Among Pediatric Patients With Severe Pneumonia: Southwest Ethiopia: Prospective Follow-Up Study.

Background: Although clinical stability recognition was considered an early outcome in patients with pneumonia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the time to clinical stability among pediatric patients with severe pneumonia in Southwest Ethiopia.

Methods: A prospective follow-up study was conducted with 422 pediatric patients from June to November 2022 at a public hospitals.

Assessment of mosquito larval source management practices for malaria elimination in South West Ethiopia people regional state: a mixed study design approach.

Objective: Malaria is the most significant public health challenge. This study aimed to assess the status of the mosquito LMS practices for malaria elimination in South West Ethiopia. A mixed study designs were used to collect data with pre-tested questionnaires.

Innovative deep learning classifiers for breast cancer detection through hybrid feature extraction techniques.

Breast cancer remains a major cause of mortality among women, where early and accurate detection is critical to improving survival rates. This study presents a hybrid classification approach for mammogram analysis by combining handcrafted statistical features and deep learning techniques. The methodology involves preprocessing with the Shearlet Transform, segmentation using Improved Otsu thresholding and Canny edge detection, followed by feature extraction through Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM), Gray Level Run Length Matrix (GLRLM), and 1st-order statistical descriptors.