Electrospun PVA based scaffolds engineered with bimetallic Ag-ZnO nanoparticles fabricated using for wound healing applications.

The utilization of plant extracts in combination with various nanomaterials for treating polymicrobial wound infections represents a novel approach in overcoming the problem of antimicrobial resistance through its multi-targeted mechanism of action. The present study investigates the potential of plant extract for the green synthesis of AgZnO bimetallic nanoparticles (BMNPs). The nanoparticles obtained were characterized and the UV-Vis studies demonstrated peaks at 361 and 371 nm which were characteristic of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles while a size range of 5-15 nm was revealed in the HR TEM studies, and the presence of crystalline ZnO and surface decorated Ag nanoparticles was observed in the diffraction patterns.

Critical analysis of ecology and diversity of soil green algae of rubber plantations as a crucial biological component in soils for environmental monitoring and assessment.

Soil green algae play a crucial role in terrestrial ecosystems and enhance soil health. However, research on algal diversity and ecology in crop field soils, particularly in untilled perennial tree plantations, is scarce, and the factors influencing algal contributions to soil health and fertility management are not well understood. Therefore, an extensive study was conducted on the ecology and diversity of green algae in rubber crop plantations in South India, spanning diverse agroclimatic zones, soil orders, soil series, and seasons.

Microplastic contamination in urban groundwater: Risk assessment, citizen perception and policy imperatives - a case study of Kozhikode City, Kerala State, India.

Microplastics (MPs) contamination in urban groundwater is an emerging environmental and public health threat, particularly in regions relying on open wells for drinking water. This study examines the occurrence, characteristics, ecological risks and sources of MP contamination across 120 open wells in Kozhikode Municipal Corporation, Kerala, India. MPs were detected in 73.

Development of garlic extract-loaded zinc oxide nanoparticle/chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposite-based active eco-friendly packaging films for extending shelf-life of fish fillets.

This study presents the design and functional evaluation of a biodegradable nanocomposite film (CPZG) composed of chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs), and garlic extract (GE) for active fish packaging. The film was fabricated via solvent casting and characterized using FTIR, SEM, XPS, and EDX, confirming successful molecular-level integration and uniform dispersion of ZnONPs and phytochemicals. GC-MS profiling revealed key organosulfur compounds such as diallyl disulfide and allyl trisulfide, with evidence of both sustained release and long-term retention within the polymer matrix.

Long-term insights into brain abscess management: An 8-year study from a single center in India.

Background: Both industrialized and developing nations continue to face difficulties in diagnosing and treating brain abscesses. Their etiology and management are still complicated and uncertain, which make treatment and result challenging.

Methods: To ascertain management, demographics, and factors influencing the outcome of subjects with brain abscesses, we performed a retrospective analysis of data from 48 individuals who underwent surgical treatment for brain abscesses at Mahatma Gandhi Hospital in Jaipur between January 2015 and December 2023 using image-guided aspiration, craniotomy, and excision.

Eco-Friendly Carbon Dots from Pistia stratiotes L.: Development of a Biodegradable Sensor for Selective Detection of Levofloxacin in Water.

Carbon dots (CDs), recognised for their stable and tunable emission properties, have gained momentum as eco-friendly fluorescent probes. This study presents a cost-effective method for synthesising CDs from the aquatic plant Pistia stratiotes L. The morphological, optical and structural analyses of the CDs revealed that they have an average diameter of 2.

Mapping antimicrobial susceptibility of community-acquired uropathogenic Escherichia coli across low, middle and high-income countries highlights significant differences: insights for empiric treatment.

Objectives: Rising antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in urinary tract infections (UTI) poses a global challenge. Evidence-based treatment of cystitis requires local resistance data. The DASH to Protect Antibiotics (https://dashuti.

Plant beneficial properties of carbon quantum dots synthesized from rice husk through green technology.

Unlabelled: In this study, rice husk-based carbon quantum dots (RCQDs) were synthesized and characterized by using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transmission Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), photoluminescence, zeta potential, and fluorescence lifetime analysis. The RCQDs synthesized were further identified to be spherical in shape with 5 nm size and were also amorphous with a strong photoluminescence at 410 nm, along with abundant oxygen-containing functional groups. Upon interaction with the rice seeds, the RCQDs were found to significantly enhance the seed germination, seedling vigor, and growth parameters.

Weak yet directional: supramolecular interactions of thiols unravelled by quantum crystallography.

Despite being a ubiquitous functional group with biological significance, thiols remain underexplored for their ability to form intermolecular interactions - especially in the solid state. This knowledge gap is largely due to the inadequacy of conventional X-ray crystallography in accurately locating protons involved in such weak thiol hydrogen bonds. Here, we explore weak thiol hydrogen bonds, using X-ray quantum crystallography (QCr) in a series of 31 thiol crystal structures.

Photoinduced Charge Transfer between Metal Halide Perovskite and Ru-Polypyridyl Complexes Toward Biocatalytic Reactions.

Vacancy-ordered Bi-based perovskites, such as CsBiBr (CBB), exhibit relatively high Lewis acidity due to Bi⁺ centers, providing favorable acidic sites for organic transformations. Coupled with their tuneable optoelectronic properties, these features render CBB an efficient photocatalyst for various acid-catalyzed reactions. In this study, CBB is conjugated with a classical Ru(II)-polypyridyl photosensitizer (RuPS) to form a hybrid material, CBB/RuPS, capable of facilitating thermodynamically favourable inner-sphere electron transfer.

The bactericidal and thrombotic potentials of extracellular TRAP-enclosed neutrophil vesicles released in response to Staphylococcus aureus at high glucose concentration.

The ejection of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) is one of the characteristic features of neutrophils. Rapid release of NET-containing extracellular vesicles (NET-EVs) to the extracellular space has been reported as a novel NET release mechanism in response to Staphylococcus aureus. An increased number of these NET-EVs are released from neutrophils maintained at high-glucose conditions.

3D-Bioprinted Poly(lactic acid) Scaffolds Incorporated with Cerium Nitrate-Bound Silver Nanoparticles for Skin Tissue Engineering.

There is still much need for improvement in the treatment of chronic full thickness wounds, which are among the most catastrophic injuries with direct consequences for public health systems. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of a poly(lactic acid) (PLA)-based scaffold containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) bound with cerium nitrate (CN) on fastening the recovery of wounds. A chemical reduction method employing trinyl citrate was used for the synthesis of AgNPs.

Importance of post-translational protein modifications in PFAS toxicity.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of synthetic compounds known for their high chemical stability, resistance to degradation. This class includes thousands of different compounds widely used in various products like non-stick cookware, water-repellent fabrics, food packaging, firefighting foam, and many personal care products. While these properties contribute to their industrial utility, they also pose significant environmental and health concerns due in part to long environmental and biological half-lives.

A critical analysis of ecology and diversity of Cyanobacteria in long-term chemicalized tropical plantation field soils: Implications for sustainable soil fertility management.

Cyanobacteria play a key role in nitrogen and carbon cycling and maintaining soil fertility in terrestrial ecosystems. However, their ecology in crop fields, especially long-term chemicalized rubber plantations, remains understudied. Investigating Cyanobacterial diversity in these fields provides valuable insights into the impact of agricultural disturbances on soil biodiversity and environmental stability in tropical agroecosystems.

Comparative Efficacy and Toxicity of Modified FOLFIRINOX and Gemcitabine Plus Nab-Paclitaxel in Advanced Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Real-World Retrospective Analysis.

Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a highly lethal malignancy with limited effective systemic therapies. Modified FOLFIRINOX (mFOLFIRINOX) and gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel (GN) are commonly used first-line regimens. The purpose of this study is to evaluate real-world efficacy (response rates, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS)) and toxicity (grade 3/4 hematologic and non-hematologic toxicities) of first-line mFOLFIRINOX and gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel in patients with advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

A quality improvement initiative to improve transport team mobilization for emergent neonatal transfers.

Introduction: A considerable number of neonatal deaths can be attributed to delays in accessing appropriate medical care or the absence of reliable systems for transferring newborns to advanced care centers. Infants requiring urgent transfer to specialized neonatal units are particularly vulnerable, often due to the limited capabilities of peripheral birthing facilities, the absence of structured neonatal transport networks, and the reliance on unsafe or uncoordinated transfer methods. Approximately 25% of neonatal transfers are time-sensitive and require specialized neonatal teams to respond promptly.

Gallbladder Cancer and Peritoneal Metastasis: Is there any role of Cytoreductive Surgery (CRS) and/or Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC)? A Narrative Review.

Introduction: Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most common biliary tract cancer (BTC) worldwide-the majority of GBC patients present with locally advanced or metastatic disease. Peritoneum is one of the most common sites of metastasis in GBC and the most frequent site for recurrence after resection of both non-incidental and incidental GBC (iGBC). Ovarian, colorectal, and gastric cancers also commonly metastasise to the peritoneum, and the role of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) in the form of peritonectomy and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) procedures is well-documented for the treatment of peritoneal metastasis (PM) or peritoneal dissemination or carcinomatosis in these malignancies.

Ultra-Processed Grains and Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Results from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) Study.

Background: Ultra-processed grains, commonly consumed in Western diets, undergo refining processes that often remove beneficial components and include additives to enhance taste, texture, or durability, potentially influencing gastrointestinal health. This study examines the association between ultra-processed grain consumption and the risk of developing IBD using data from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study.

Methods: This analysis included 124,590 participants from 21 countries who had dietary data available in the PURE study.

Bioglass in dentistry: A comprehensive review of current applications and innovative frontiers.

Objectives: Bioglass materials have transformed the field of dental biomaterials due to their capacity to facilitate tissue regeneration and repair. The present review aims to provide a concise overview of the major advancements in bioglass applications, with a particular focus on periodontal regeneration, implant coatings, hypersensitivity treatment, and craniofacial bone repair.

Data: Data were collected using the following keywords: Bioglass, Dental applications, Periodontal regeneration, Dental implants, Dentin hypersensitivity, Craniofacial regeneration.

Functionalization of graphene oxide and its applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

The unique physical and chemical characteristics of graphene oxide (GO) have recently attracted great attention, which highlighted its potential as a promising material for electronic, industrial, biomedical and others potential applications. GO has several functional groups of oxygen, which makes it easier to make GO dispersed in aqueous solution insulating in nature. The functionalization and surface modification of GO is one of the strategies that recently attracted much attention for various electrochemical and biological applications.

Dynamics of rice microbiome: insights into functional diversity, environmental influences, response to stress, and applications.

Rice is the primary diet for the vast majority of the world's population. Since rice is a mainstay of the diet for most Asians, research must be prioritized to boost rice productivity. Scientific advances have unveiled various techniques for sustainable rice production.

Exploring the pressure and spin-orbit coupling effects in PtSnS: a kagome-type analog of CoSnS.

We present a detailed theoretical study of PtSnS, a layered kagome-type material obtained by replacing Co with Pt in CoSnS, a system extensively studied in (2020, , 3985) and (2022, , 100072), though the Pt-analog remains largely unexplored. Thermodynamic stability was confirmed formation energy calculations, while mechanical stability was evaluated using the Voigt-Reuss-Hill (VRH) approximation and elastic stability conditions. Dynamical and thermal stability were validated through phonon dispersion and molecular dynamics simulations, with Pugh's criterion classifying the material as ductile.

An Overview of Bacteremia with Potential Therapeutic Options.

Background And Aims: , particularly vancomycin-resistant (VRE), pose a significant clinical challenge due to rising pathogenicity and antimicrobial resistance. This study aims to examine the prevalence of bacteremia and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Western India. The study also highlights clinical implications of resistance patterns, emphasizing therapeutic challenges and the need for targeted antimicrobial stewardship to guide effective treatment of infections.

Childhood Autism Tool - Trivandrum (CAT-T) - Development and Validation.

Objectives: To develop and validate a culturally appropriate measure for the diagnosis of ASD among children between 2 and 6 y of age in Kerala.

Methods: This qualitative study was conducted among 200 children who were consecutively recruited over a period of 18 mo. The development of the new measure was based on the Consensus based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) protocol.

Assessing the Catalytic Potential of Novel ADAP-M (M = Cu, Ag, Au) Catalysts in [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Reactions.

This study investigated the catalytic potential of novel alkoxydiaminophosphine-metal (ADAP-M, M = Cu, Ag, Au) complexes in [3 + 2] cycloaddition (32CA) reactions, specifically for synthesizing 1,2,3-triazoles through metal-assisted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (MAAC). Density functional theory (DFT) was used to evaluate the electronic and structural properties of these complexes to determine their catalytic efficiency. The ADAP ligand is crucial for reducing the activation energy and stabilizing intermediates, thereby enhancing catalysis.