Data Augmentation of X-ray Images for Automatic Cargo Inspection of Nuclear Items.

As part of establishing a management system to prevent the illegal transfer of nuclear items, automatic nuclear item detection technology is required during customs clearance. However, it is challenging to acquire X-ray images of major nuclear items (e.g.

Uncertainty Estimation of the Dose Rate in Real-Time Applications Using Gaussian Process Regression.

Major standard organizations have addressed the issue of reporting uncertainties in dose rate estimations. There are, however, challenges in estimating uncertainties when the radiation environment is considered, especially in real-time dosimetry. This study reports on the implementation of Gaussian process regression based on a spectrum-to-dose conversion operator (i.

Feasibility study on evaluating uranium enrichment with the High Resolution Gamma-Ray Spectrometry and X-ray fluorescence.

The uranium enrichment of the environmental sample should be analyzed to verify the declared information for the nuclear safeguards. The High-Resolution Gamma Spectrometry (HRGS) and Monochromatic Micro X-ray Fluorescence (MMXRF) is able to analyze the sample with a short detection time and high reproducibility. These are the advantage to measure the samples for screening before laboratory analysis.

Material mixture solution analysis by a hybrid L-edge/L-XRF densitometer.

The hybrid L-edge/L-XRF densitometer (HLED) was developed for determining the concentrations of nuclear materials in solutions by combination of two complementary assay techniques, L-edge densitometry (LED) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). In this study, nonradioactive surrogate material mixture solutions (gold as a major analyte and lead as a minor analyte) were evaluated for feasibility for the multi-element nuclear material assay by hybrid analysis of LED and L-XRF, and the major analyte was characterized using L-edge densitometry. The exponential calibration method of material mixture solution for L-XRF is proposed considering the total density with matrix effects.

Development of a prototype hybrid L-edge/L-XRF densitometer for nuclear fuel assay.

The hybrid L-edge/L-XRF densitometer (HLED) was developed for on-site nuclear fuel assays intended for safeguards purpose. The HLED can simultaneously measure both X-ray photon transmissions and characteristic X-ray emissions, which characterizes the elemental composition of samples of interest to determine the concentration of actinide-bearing materials, such as plutonium and uranium, in a nuclear fuel. A prototype of the HLED equipment was fabricated and tested to study the feasibility of nuclear material assays using a surrogate material (lead) to avoid radiation effects from nuclear materials.

Multigenerational Effects of the Antibiotic Tetracycline on Transcriptional Responses of Daphnia magna and Its Relationship to Higher Levels of Biological Organizations.

Given the risk of environmental pollution by pharmaceutical compounds and the effects of these compounds on exposed ecosystems, ecologically relevant and realistic assessments are required. However, many studies have been mostly focused on individual responses in a single generation exposed to one-effect concentrations. Here, transcriptional responses of the crustacean Daphnia magna to the antibiotic tetracycline across multiple generations and effect concentrations were investigated.