Study Profile of the Iwate PGS Assessment and Risk Communication (PARC) Study.

Background: The potential impacts of polygenic scores (PGS) on health-behavior changes are not fully understood. The Iwate PGS Assessment and Risk Communication Study aims to investigate the effects of reporting PGS-based risk for ischemic stroke on health behaviors.

Methods: Participants wishing to know their PGS-based ischemic stroke risk were recruited from health checkup venues for workers in Iwate Prefecture in 2023.

Efficacy and Safety of Durvalumab Plus Tremelimumab in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients With Portal Vein Thrombosis and High Tumor Burden: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis.

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of durvalumab and tremelimumab (Dur/Tre) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who had a tumor thrombus in the main portal vein trunk (Vp4) or high tumor burden (HTB).

Methods: A total of 309 patients with BCLC stage B or C HCC who received Dur/Tre between March 2023 and October 2024 were included. HTB was defined as the presence of at least one of the following radiological findings: ≥ 50% liver involvement by HCC, bile duct invasion, or the presence of Vp4.

Aspirin-Free Prasugrel Monotherapy After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With Non-ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Background: In the presence of a potent P2Yinhibitor such as prasugrel, the additional clinical antithrombotic benefit of aspirin is unclear. The feasibility of prasugrel monotherapy without aspirin after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been demonstrated in chronic coronary syndrome, but is yet to be assessed in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) and low anatomical complexity.

Methods And Results: ASET-Japan is a single-arm study investigating the safety of prasugrel 12-month monotherapy with a locally approved dose (loading 20 mg; maintenance 3.

Elaidic acid drives cellular senescence and inflammation via lipid raft-mediated IL-1R signaling.

Fatty acids (TFAs) have been associated with various inflammatory diseases, including atherosclerosis and metabolic syndrome, such as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)/metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we show that in response to DNA damage, elaidic acid (EA), a most common TFA, amplifies interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R) signaling, leading to the promotion of cellular senescence and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP).

Sake Lees: A Potential Feed Ingredient to Enhance Intestinal Barrier Function in Indigenous Meat-type Chickens.

Food loss and waste (FLW) is a serious problem worldwide. One proposed solution is to divert FLW to livestock feed. From the viewpoint of food mileage, it is increasingly recommended that the distance that food travels between the sites of production and consumption is as short as possible (the consumption of local food products).

Association between plasma mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin levels and muscle properties.

Aim: Adrenomedullin exerts a vasodilative effect and is thought to be associated with skeletal muscle properties by regulating microcirculation. This cross-sectional study aimed to clarify the possible association in older adults aged ≥65 years.

Methods: The study population included 978 community residents (mean age 71.

Evaluation of inflammatory periodontal tissue by detecting the hemoglobin released in gingival crevicular fluid during supportive periodontal therapy.

The purpose of this study was to longitudinally investigate the hemoglobin (Hb) test in gingival crevicular fluid of periodontitis patients, together with clinical parameters (plaque index: PlI, probing depth: PD, clinical attachment level: CAL, bleeding on probing: BOP, and gingival index: GI) during two-year supportive periodontal therapy (SPT). A total of 191 periodontal sites in 91 patients during the SPT period were clinically and biochemically evaluated three times (first, second, and third examinations) over two years. After the first examination of the clinical and biochemical parameters, periodontal support treatments were administered and then repeated every three months until the third examination.

Associations between Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery vessel hyperintensities and Alberta Stroke Programme Early CT Score and clinical outcomes in stroke patients with unknown time of onset: a sub-analysis from a randomized controlled trial.

Background and AimsFLAIR vessel hyperintensities (FVH)-Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) is an imaging marker but its clinical implications remain unclear. We estimated the correlation between FVH-ASPECTS and clinical outcomes in patients with wake-up stroke or unknown time of stroke onset.MethodsThe THrombolysis for Acute Wake-up and Unclear-onset Strokes with Alteplase at 0.

Effects of reduced retroperitoneal adipose tissue and kidney volume on renal function and blood pressure following metabolic surgery in patients with severe obesity.

Background: Patients with severe obesity have glomerular hyperfiltration even without the overt renal dysfunction, but improvements are reported with metabolic surgery (MS). However, the mechanism underlying these effects of MS has not been investigated.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine whether MS for patients with severe obesity alters retroperitoneal adipose tissue (RAT) and kidney volume (KV), and whether these alterations lead to improvements in renal function and hypertension (HTN).

Unique Regulation of Sed-1 β-Lactamase in : Insights on Resistance to Third-Generation Cephalosporin.

The genus harbors class C (AmpC) and class A β-lactamases. produces an inducible AmpC β-lactamase controlled by the LysR-type transcriptional regulator AmpR and cytosolic amidase AmpD. produces the class A β-lactamase Sed-1, whose expression is believed to be regulated by the transcriptional regulator SedR and AmpD.

Targeting the Kynureninase-HDAC6-Complement Axis as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy in Glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor known for its profound heterogeneity and treatment resistance. Dysregulated complement signaling and epigenetic alterations have been implicated in GBM progression. This study identifies kynureninase (KYNU), a key enzyme in the kynurenine pathway, as a novel regulator of complement components and investigates its interaction with histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) in the context of therapeutic targeting.

Obesity Decreases Liver-Related Death in Patients With Cirrhosis: A Retrospective Propensity Score-Matched Study.

Aims: To determine the impact of obesity on the prognosis of patients with liver cirrhosis.

Methods: This present retrospective observational study enrolled 482 patients without hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The patients were evaluated for obesity during the subsequent 8-year follow-up period.

Comparative analysis of emergency medical systems in the UK and Japan: recommendations for Japan based on on-site observations in the UK.

Background: Emergency Medical Systems (EMS) are central to modern healthcare, providing timely, specialized care. Although the United Kingdom (UK) and Japan have universal healthcare, their EMS models differ significantly. The UK emphasizes centralized trauma networks, advanced prehospital capabilities, standardized simulation training, robust research integration, and a high degree of specialization and division of labor.

Potential role of Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index as a risk factor for immune-mediated adverse events during durvalumab plus tremelimumab therapy in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Immune-mediated adverse events (imAEs) are a significant concern in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) undergoing combination immunotherapy with durvalumab and tremelimumab (Dur/Tre). This study aimed to investigate the potential association of risk factors, particularly nutrition and immune markers, associated with the development of imAEs.

Methods: Between November 2022 and December 2024, 312 patients with uHCC treated with Dur/Tre were enrolled and retrospectively analyzed.

Mutual Tissue Microchimerism of Hepatoblastomas in Monozygotic Twins From a Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Family.

Patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) have increased risk of hepatoblastoma (HB). We report monozygotic twins with HB in a FAP family. To explore genetic alterations in the HBs of the twins, we carried out whole exome sequencing (WES), RNA-seq, and immunohistochemical analyses of the tumors.

Deep learning radiomics of elastography for diagnosing compensated advanced chronic liver disease: an international multicenter study.

Accurate, noninvasive diagnosis of compensated advanced chronic liver disease (cACLD) is essential for effective clinical management but remains challenging. This study aimed to develop a deep learning-based radiomics model using international multicenter data and to evaluate its performance by comparing it to the two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) cut-off method covering multiple countries or regions, etiologies, and ultrasound device manufacturers. This retrospective study included 1937 adult patients with chronic liver disease due to hepatitis B, hepatitis C, or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

ABCC11 Earwax Trait and Genotype Are Suitable Tools for Introductory Labs to Learn Genetics and Molecular Techniques.

Professional experiments in genetic research usually start in a class at university. However, interest in genetic research techniques from an early age is essential. We have continuously performed a short genetic experimental course for high school students using a simple molecular experiment and computer-based learning for Mendelian inheritance.

What factors are associated with new social isolation years after the great East Japan Earthquake?: findings from the TMM CommCohort study.

Background: The effects of disaster experiences on social isolation and related factors remain unclear. Using longitudinal data, this study aimed to identify new social isolation and its associated factors after the Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE), which occurred on March 11, 2011.

Methods: We analyzed longitudinal data from 12,795 participants who responded to self-report questionnaires, utilizing the Lubben Social Network Scale-6 (LSNS-6).

Exploring novel blood-based DNA methylation biomarkers for alzheimer's disease via targeted sequencing of highly variable CpG sites.

Objective: Dementia, particularly Alzheimer’s disease (AD), continues to be a major public health concern due to population aging, yet minimally invasive biomarkers for early diagnosis have not been established. DNA methylation (DNAm) has recently attracted considerable attention as a promising biomarker. This study aimed to identify blood-based DNAm biomarkers for early detection of AD.