Prognostic Value of Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) in Patients Following Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.

Background: Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) has recently emerged as a risk predictor in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, little is known regarding the significance of elevated plasma MMP9 levels in patients during the long-term period following myocardial revascularisation. We aimed to investigate the role of MMP9 in relation to myocardial status before and after myocardial revascularisation and to assess its long-term prognostic value.

Genistein and Vanadate Differentially Modulate Cortical GABA Receptor/ATPase Activity and Behavior in Rats via a Phenol-Sensitive Mechanism.

Although some GABA receptor subtypes are involved in both the passive permeability of anions and the ATP-dependent recovery of neuronal anion concentrations, the molecular mechanisms that ensure the coordination of passive and active transport processes remain unclear. Here we used fluorescence measurements to investigate the role of genistein (tyrosine kinase inhibitor) and vanadate (tyrosine phosphatase and ATPase inhibitor) in modulating GABAR-mediated [Cl]/[HCO] changes and ATPase activity in rat cortical neurons and HEK 293FT cells expressing the heteropentameric α2β3γ2 GABAR isoform. We found that genistein plays an important role in the inhibition of passive GABAR-mediated Cl influx and ClATPase activity, whereas vanadate plays an important role in the inhibition of Cl, HCOATPase activity and ATP-dependent recovery of [HCO] via changes in the formation of the phosphorylated intermediate.

Effect of Frequency of Prospekta Administration: Anxiolytic Effect in Wistar Rats.

The primary objective of this experimental study was to evaluate the severity of the anxiolytic effect of Prospekta, a novel drug for treating cognitive, behavioral, and mental disorders, under different administration regimens. The pharmacological activity of Prospekta was studied in adult male Wistar rats using the open field test. The drug was administered once, twice, or three times daily over a period of five days.

Polymorphism rs259983 of the gene is associated with the risk of anemia in pregnant women with gestational diabetes.

Background: Iron deficiency is a cause of anemia in pregnant women. Iron metabolism is closely related to zinc levels and the state of zinc-containing proteins. Zinc-binding proteins () can also bind other metal ions.

Experimental modeling of Alzheimer's disease: Translational lessons from cross-taxon analyses.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a severely debilitating neurodegenerative disease with a rapidly increasing global prevalence, poorly understood causes, and no efficient treatments. Experimental models are valuable for studying AD pathogenesis, including amyloid beta and tau accumulation, synaptic dysfunction, and neuroinflammation. While no model fully reproduces the disease, we take an evolutionary biology approach to discuss available models across taxa, from mammals (rodents, primates) to zebrafish, Drosophila melanogaster, and Caenorhabditis elegans.

LncRNA interactomes and co-methylation in breast cancer regulation.

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in women. Despite advances in diagnostics and treatment, the key molecular mechanisms underlying its development remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to identify novel lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks potentially involved in breast cancer-associated signaling pathways.

Impaired LPS tolerance in monocytes of coronary atherosclerosis patients is associated with the intermediate subset.

Endotoxin tolerance in monocytes is a mechanism that reduces the secretion of inflammatory cytokines upon repeated pathogen exposure, thereby protecting tissues from hyperinflammation. Previously, we demonstrated that monocytes from patients with asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis exhibit impaired LPS tolerance. In this study, we aimed to investigate monocyte tolerance impairments in coronary atherosclerosis in greater detail.

The impact of nut consumption on vascular endothelial function: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis of data from randomised controlled trials.

This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of nut consumption on vascular endothelial function through the conduction of a comprehensive review of randomised controlled trials. We explored the major electronic databases for published RCTs examining the repercussions of nuts consumption on vascular endothelial function indicators in adults (>18 years). We used random-effects models to compute pooled estimates of weighted mean differences and confidence intervals.

Connection Between Mitochondria and Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis: Personalized Treatment Strategies.

This review explores the critical role of mitochondria in the immunometabolic processes underlying rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). It examines the interplay between immune cells, metabolic demands, and tissue environments, emphasizing the impact of bioenergetics on immune responses and disease progression. Mitochondrial dysfunction in chondrocytes and immune cells contributes to OA and RA through mechanisms such as oxidative stress, disrupted calcium homeostasis, and inflammasome activation.

High-LET Proton Irradiation Significantly Alters the Clonogenic and Tumorigenic Potential of Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines and .

Background: The implementation of proton beam irradiation (PBI) for breast cancer (BC) treatment is rapidly advancing due to its enhanced target coverage and reduced toxicities to organs at risk. However, the effects of PBI can vary depending on the cell type. This study aimed to explore the effects of PBI on two BC cell lines, MCF7 and MDA-MB-231.

In Vitro Study of Cancer Stem Cells and Reprogrammed CD3CD8 T Cells: the Search for Personalized Diagnostics and Targeted Treatment of Small Cell Lung Cancer (Experience of a Pilot Study).

The content of cancer stem cells and CD3CD8 T cells in the blood of a patient with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was evaluated. In vitro analysis of tumorospheres allowed us to characterize circulating tumor stem cells in the blood of patients at risk. The fundamental possibility of reprogramming exhausted CD3CD8 T cells (rCD3CD8T) of a patient with SCLC and COPD using a mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor (iMEK) and human monoclonal antibody nivolumab was demonstrated.

New strategies for treating Sjogren's syndrome.

Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a complex autoimmune disorder characterized by dryness, fatigue, and systemic involvement, with current treatments largely limited to symptom management. This review explores promising new therapeutic strategies targeting specific molecular pathways implicated in SS pathogenesis, including the roles of B cells, T cells, dendritic cells, cytokines, and neuroendocrine factors. We examine recent advances in drug development and clinical trials focusing on novel biological agents that modulate these pathways, potentially offering a more targeted and effective approach to SS treatment.

Preclinical and mechanistic perspectives on adipose-derived stem cells for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease treatment.

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) are a promising therapeutic modality for cardiovascular diseases due to their immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and pro-angiogenic properties. This manuscript explores the current status, challenges, and future directions of AD-MSC therapies, focusing on their application in atherosclerosis (AS), myocardial infarction (MI), and heart failure (HF). Preclinical studies highlight AD-MSC's ability to stabilise atherosclerotic plaques, reduce inflammation, and enhance myocardial repair through mechanisms such as macrophage polarisation, endothelial protection, and angiogenesis.

Ictal cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction during focal seizures induced by direct electrical stimulation: An observational study research protocol.

Introduction: Autonomic symptoms, such as changes in heart rate, blood pressure, or respiration often accompany epileptic seizures and, in some cases, may be life threatening or even contribute to sudden death. However, autonomic changes during seizures with onset from certain brain areas are insufficiently understood. Intracranial direct electrical stimulation during stereoelectroencephalographic (SEEG) monitoring in surgical candidates allows researchers to investigate autonomic responses to induced seizures in conscious patients with known precise location of the electrodes.

Cytokines are the Basis of the Development and Suppression of Inflammation in Atherosclerosis.

Cardiovascular diseases continue to be the primary cause of mortality in industrialised countries, and atherosclerosis plays a role in their development. A persistent inflammatory condition affecting big and medium-sized arteries is known as atherosclerosis. It is brought on by dyslipidemia and is facilitated by the immune system's innate and adaptive components.

Necroptosis in myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury: current update on mechanisms, therapeutic targets, and translational potential.

Necroptosis is a programmed form of cell death that has gained significant attention in the field of cardiovascular research due to its involvement in myocardial infarction (MI) and myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Unlike apoptosis, necroptosis elicits a pro-inflammatory response, contributing to myocardial injury, fibrosis, and adverse remodelling. This review aims to provide an overview of the molecular mechanisms underlying necroptosis, with a particular focus on its role in myocardial I/R injury.

Effect of Free Long-Chain Fatty Acids on Anagen Induction: Metabolic or Inflammatory Aspect?

Hair growth is a highly complex process regulated at multiple levels, including molecular pathways, stem cell behavior, metabolic processes, and immune responses. The hair follicle exhibits metabolic compartmentalization, with some cells relying on glycolysis and others on oxidative phosphorylation. Interestingly, in mice, the onset of the anagen phase can be stimulated by locally suppressing oxidative phosphorylation in the skin.

Activation of the Complement System and Changes in the Content of Modified Lipoproteins in Antiorthostatic Hypokinesia in Humans and Mice.

The correlation between the total activity of the complement system (TACS) and the content of modified LDL (mLDL) in blood serum when modeling microgravity in Earth conditions was evaluated. Healthy volunteers were placed in a state of antiorthostatic hypokinesia for 21 days. Microgravity in ICR mice was modeled by tail suspension for 14 days.

[Autonomic cardiovascular disorders in patients with epileptic and psychogenic non-epileptic seizures: a pilot study].

Objective: The purpose of our study was to investigate the hypothesis of greater severity of autonomic dysfunction in patients with concomitant epileptic and psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) (main group) compared to patients with exclusively epileptic seizures (comparison group) and healthy subjects (control group).

Material And Methods: The main group included 13 subjects (median age 31 years [Q=21 years, Q=42 years], 9 females), and the control and comparison groups included 26 people each, comparable by sex and age to the main group. All patients underwent neurological and psychiatric examination, electroencephalography or video-electroencephalographic monitoring, and MRI.

The role of NRF2 function and regulation in atherosclerosis: an update.

Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease of the arteries, remains a leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. This review examines the molecular mechanisms underlying NRF2 role in atherosclerosis, focusing on the recently defined intricate interplay between autophagy, the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) pathway, microRNAs (miRNAs), and genes regulating NRF2 with atheroprotective effects. The NRF2/autophagy axis emerges as a critical regulator of cellular responses to oxidative stress and inflammation in atherosclerosis, with key players including Heat Shock Protein 90 (HSP90), Neuropeptide Y (NPY), and Glutaredoxin 2 (GLRX2).

Current use and development of monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus: a review.

The development of targeted drugs for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a promising area of research because targeted drugs are associated with a lower risk of severe side effects than systemic drugs. There are only two approved drugs based on monoclonal antibodies (a group of targeted drugs) for the treatment of SLE, so there is an unmet need for the development of new and improved antibody analogs. This review analyzes the effectiveness and safety of both already approved antibodies (anifrolumab and belimumab) for the treatment of SLE and antibodies under development with an assessment of their future prospects for entering the pharmaceutical market.

A Model of Combination Therapy of Lewis Lung Carcinoma using Resection and Cytostatics.

We propose a model of combination treatment of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) in C57BL/6 mice that includes tumor resection and chemotherapy. A single injection of 5×106 LLC cells into the right lateral subcostal region caused the growth of the primary tumor and its metastasis to the lung. For reducing metastasis and mortality after resection, the primary tumor should be removed with subcutaneous fat on day 8 after inoculation.

Determination of Main Aminothiols in Blood Plasma Using Capillary Electrophoresis With UV Detection.

A new approach of total major aminothiols determination (cysteine, homocystine, cysteinylglycine, and glutathione) in human plasma by capillary electrophoresis (CE) is presented. It is based on the analytes reduction by tris (2-carboxyethyl) phosphine and derivatization with N-ethylmaleimide, with subsequent ultrafiltration of the sample. Separation was performed using 0.