Synthesis and Application of Photocaged Isopropyl β-D-1-Thiogalactopyranoside for Light-Mediated Control of Bacterial Gene Expression.

Photocaged compounds are chemical conjugates that are designed to release an active molecule upon exposure to light of a specific wavelength. In recent years, photocaged inducer molecules such as caged isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (cIPTG) have been increasingly used as a powerful tool for light-driven gene expression in bacteria, allowing researchers to precisely and noninvasively tune the expression of specific target genes. In this chapter, we present a guideline for the synthesis of 6-nitropiperonyl photocaged IPTG (NP-cIPTG) as well as its in vivo application as an optochemical on-switch of gene transcription in Escherichia coli and other bacteria.

Selective production of the itaconic acid-derived compounds 2-hydroxyparaconic and itatartaric acid.

There is a strong interest in itaconic acid in the medical and pharmaceutical sectors, both as an anti-bacterial compound and as an immunoregulator in mammalian macrophages. Fungal hosts also produce itaconic acid, and in addition they can produce two derivatives 2-hydroxyparaconic and itatartaric acid. Not much is known about these two derivatives, while their structural analogy to itaconate could open up several applications.

Deciphering the Therapeutic Potential of Novel Pentyloxyamide-Based Class I, IIb HDAC Inhibitors against Therapy-Resistant Leukemia.

Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are established anticancer drugs, especially in hematological cancers. This study aimed to design, synthesize, and evaluate a set of HDACi featuring a pentyloxyamide connecting unit linker region and substituted phenylthiazole cap groups. A structural optimization program yielded HDACi with nanomolar inhibitory activity against histone deacetylase class I/IIb enzymes.

Evaluation of the Robustness Under Alkanol Stress and Adaptability of Members of the New Genus .

Many species of the genus are known to be highly tolerant to solvents and other environmental stressors. Based on phylogenomic and comparative genomic analyses, several species were recently transferred to a new genus named . Because of their unique enzymatic machinery, these strains are being discussed as novel biocatalysts in biotechnology.

Co-application of glucose and phosphorus with recalcitrant high-carbon soil amendments improves N retention in a reclaimed soil: a long-term incubation study.

Incorporation of soil amendments with high organic carbon content (HCA) can reduce losses of mineral nitrogen (N) from agricultural soils. The magnitude of N immobilization and remobilization is strongly controlled by the availability of carbon (C) and phosphorus (P). However, the exact mechanisms and interactions between C, N, and P availability are poorly understood.

Simulation of soil phosphorus dynamics and crop yield for organic and mineral fertilization treatments at two long-term field sites.

The efficacy of phosphorus (P) based fertilizers is frequently compromised by soil dynamics that render much of the applied P unavailable for crops. This study aimed to: (i) validate a new P model's prediction of plant-available P; (ii) analyze the effects of organic versus mineral fertilization on P availability and crop yield; and (iii) examine temporal changes in P pools under various fertilization regimes. Data were collected from two long-term field trials, Dikopshof and Bad Lauchstädt, in Germany, using organic (FYM), mineral (MIN), a combination of organic and mineral (MIX) fertilizers, and unfertilized treatments.

From molasses to purified α-ketoglutarate with engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum.

α-ketoglutarate (AKG) is a valuable dicarboxylic acid with multiple applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries. Its chemical synthesis is associated with toxic by-products, low specificity, and high energy input. To create a more environmentally friendly and sustainable alternative, a microbial production process for AKG was developed.

Magnetic protein aggregates generated by supramolecular assembly of ferritin cages - a modular strategy for the immobilization of enzymes.

Introduction: Efficient and cost-effective immobilization methods are crucial for advancing the utilization of enzymes in industrial biocatalysis. To this end, immobilization methods relying on the completely biological production of immobilizates represent an interesting alternative to conventional carrier-based immobilization methods. This study aimed to introduce a novel immobilization strategy using -produced magnetic protein aggregates (MPAs).

Host-dependent specialized metabolism of nitrogen export in actinorhizal nodules induced by diazotrophic Actinomycetota Frankia cluster-2.

Frankia cluster-2 strains are diazotrophs that engage in root nodule symbiosis with actinorhizal plants of the Cucurbitales and the Rosales. Previous studies have shown that an assimilated nitrogen source, presumably arginine, is exported to the host in nodules of Datisca glomerata (Cucurbitales), while a different metabolite is exported in the nodules of Ceanothus thyrsiflorus (Rosales). To investigate if an assimilated nitrogen form is commonly exported to the host by cluster-2 strains, and which metabolite would be exported in Ceanothus, we analysed gene expression levels, metabolite profiles, and enzyme activities in nodules.

Aplospojaveedins A-C, unusual sulfur-containing alkaloids produced by the endophytic fungus using OSMAC strategy.

Three sulfur-containing alkaloids aplospojaveedins A-C (1-3) with a hitherto undescribed carbon skeleton comprising octahy-dronaphthalene, , -unsaturated lactam and glycine-cysteine moieties were isolated from . Their structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, HR-MS, X-ray diffraction analysis, DFT-NMR and TDDFT-ECD calculations. A plausible biosynthetic pathway and putative targets are described.

The overlooked effects of environmental impacts on root:shoot ratio in experiments and soil-crop models.

Process-based soil-crop models are becoming increasingly important to estimate the effects of agricultural management practices and climate change impacts on soil organic carbon (C). Although work has been done on the effects of crop type and climate on the root:shoot (biomass) ratio, there is a gap in research on the effects of specific environmental or management conditions such as drought, temperature, nutrient limitation, elevated CO or tillage on the root:shoot ratio and thus, atmospheric C sequestration. In this study, we quantified the effects of these factors on the root:shoot biomass ratio by reviewing the current literature, presented common simulation approaches and performed model simulations using different examples.

Expanding the Phage Galaxy: Isolation and Characterization of Five Novel Siphoviruses Ankus, Byblos, DekoNeimoidia, Mandalore, and Naboo.

Background: Key features of the actinobacterial genus are multicellular, filamentous growth, and production of a broad portfolio of bioactive molecules. These characteristics appear to play an important role in phage-host interactions and are modulated by phages during infection. To accelerate research of such interactions and the investigation of novel immune systems in multicellular bacteria, phage isolation, sequencing, and characterization are needed.

Investigating the contribution of image time series observations to cauliflower harvest-readiness prediction.

Cauliflower cultivation is subject to high-quality control criteria during sales, which underlines the importance of accurate harvest timing. Using time series data for plant phenotyping can provide insights into the dynamic development of cauliflower and allow more accurate predictions of when the crop is ready for harvest than single-time observations. However, data acquisition on a daily or weekly basis is resource-intensive, making selection of acquisition days highly important.

Plant sperm cell sequencing for genome phasing and determination of meiotic crossover points.

Haplotype phasing represents a pivotal procedure in genome analysis, entailing the identification of specific genetic variant combinations on each chromosome. Achieving chromosome-level genome phasing constitutes a considerable challenge, particularly in organisms with large and complex genomes. To address this challenge, we have developed a robust, gamete cell-based phasing pipeline, including wet-laboratory processes for plant sperm cell isolation, short-read sequencing and a bioinformatics workflow to generate chromosome-level phasing.

Non-extractable residues of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in soil.

PER: and polyfluoroalkyl substances have gained increased attention due to their persistence, ubiquitous presence in the environment, and toxicity. We hypothesised that the formation of non-extractable residues [NER] occurs in soils and contributes to the overall persistence of these priority pollutants, and that NER formation is controlled by temperature. To test these hypotheses, we used C-labelled perfluorooctanoic acid [PFOA] as target compound, added it to two arable soils (Cambisol, Luvisol), and incubated them at 10 °C and 20 °C in the dark.

Microbial markets: socio-economic perspective in studying microbial communities.

Studying microbial communities through a socio-economic lens, this paper draws parallels with human economic transactions and microbes' race for resources. Extending the 'Market Economy' concept of social science to microbial ecosystems, the paper aims to contribute to comprehending the collaborative and competitive dynamics among microorganisms. Created by a multidisciplinary team of an economist, microbiologists, and mathematicians, the paper also highlights the risks involved in employing a socio-economic perspective to explain the complexities of natural ecosystems.

Chromosome-level genome assembly of Tritrichomonas foetus, the causative agent of Bovine Trichomonosis.

Tritrichomonas foetus is a parasitic protist responsible for bovine trichomonosis, a reproductive disease associated with significant economic burden to the livestock industry throughout the world. Here, we present a chromosome-level reference genome of T. foetus -KV-1 (ATCC 30924) using short-read (Illumina Miseq), long-read (Oxford Nanopore) and chromatin-linked (Hi-C) sequencing.

Multi-model hydrological reference dataset over continental Europe and an African basin.

Although Essential Climate Variables (ECVs) have been widely adopted as important metrics for guiding scientific and policy decisions, the Earth Observation (EO) and Land Surface and Hydrologic Model (LSM/HM) communities have yet to treat terrestrial ECVs in an integrated manner. To develop consistent terrestrial ECVs at regional and continental scales, greater collaboration between EO and LSM/HM communities is needed. An essential first step is assessing the LSM/HM simulation uncertainty.