Nucleobase self-assembly: aggregation, morphological characterization, and toxicity analysis.

This study expands the platform for amyloidogenic building blocks, such as nucleobases, and their self-assembly. Here, we examine the self-assembly profile of nucleobases such as guanine, cytosine, and thymine and determine that these nucleobases, while aged, produce small globules which gradually transform into fibrillar assemblies. Notably, the amyloid-like fibrillation in adenine and uracil has already been reported; hence, it was imperative to understand the amyloidogenic propensity in these unexplored nucleobases.

Designer DNA nanocages modulate anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory responses in tumor associated macrophages.

Cancer is a complex disease, with multiple treatment modalities, but no definitive cure. The tumor microenvironment contributes to the complexity of the disease by forming a niche of multiple cell types supporting each other to carry out various cellular functions. Tumor associated macrophages are one such kind of cells which support the tumor microenvironment immunosuppression.

Nanomedicines as a cutting-edge solution to combat antimicrobial resistance.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a critical threat to global public health, necessitating the development of novel strategies. AMR occurs when bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites evolve to resist antimicrobial drugs, making infections difficult to treat and increasing the risk of disease spread, severe illness, and death. Over 70% of infection-causing microorganisms are estimated to be resistant to one or several antimicrobial drugs.

Cellular uptake and viability switching in the properties of lipid coated carbon quantum dots for potential bioimaging and therapeutics.

Carbon quantum dots derived from mango leaves exhibited red fluorescence. These negatively charged particles underwent coating with the positively charged lipid molecule -[1-(2,3-dioleyloxy)propyl]-,,-trimethylammonium chloride (DOTMA). However, the bioconjugate displayed reduced uptake compared to the standalone mQDs in cancer cells (SUM 159A), and increased uptake in case of non-cancerous (RPE-1) cells.

Revolutionizing cancer therapy using tetrahedral DNA nanostructures as intelligent drug delivery systems.

DNA nanostructures have surfaced as intriguing entities with vast potential in biomedicine, notably in the drug delivery area. Tetrahedral DNA nanostructures (TDNs) have received worldwide attention from among an array of different DNA nanostructures due to their extraordinary stability, great biocompatibility, and ease of functionalization. TDNs could be readily synthesized, making them attractive carriers for chemotherapeutic medicines, nucleic acid therapeutics, and imaging probes.

Red emitting carbon dots: surface modifications and bioapplications.

Quantum dots (QDs), and carbon quantum dots (CDs) in particular, have received significant attention for their special characteristics. These particles, on the scale of several nanometers, are often produced using simple and green methods, with naturally occurring organic precursors. In addition to facile production methods, CDs present advantageous applications in the field of medicine, primarily for bioimaging, antibacterial and therapeutics.

Spatiotemporal dynamics of DNA nanocage uptake in zebrafish embryos for targeted tissue bioimaging applications.

Three-dimensional DNA nanocages have attracted significant attention for various biomedical applications including targeted bioimaging . Despite the numerous advantages, the use and exploration of DNA nanocages are limited as the cellular targeting and intracellular fate of these DNA nanocages within various model systems have not been explored well. Herein, using a zebrafish model system, we provide a detailed understanding of time-, tissue- and geometry-dependent DNA nanocage uptake in developing embryos and larvae.

Water stable, red emitting, carbon nanoparticles stimulate 3D cell invasion clathrin-mediated endocytic uptake.

Bright fluorescent nanoparticles with excitation and emission towards the red end of the spectrum are highly desirable in the field of bioimaging. We present here a new class of organic carbon-based nanoparticles (CNPs) with a robust quantum yield and fluorescence towards the red region of the spectrum. Using organic substrates such as -phenylenediamine (PPDA) dispersed in diphenyl ether under reflux conditions, we achieved scalable amounts of CNPs with an average size of 27 nm.